Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Willem H. Haemers

Publications and source records attributed to Willem H. Haemers.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2018

Spectral characterization of mixed extensions of small graphs

A mixed extension of a graph $G$ is a graph $H$ obtained from $G$ by replacing each vertex of $G$ by a clique or a coclique, where vertices of $H$ coming from different vertices of $G$ are adjacent if and only if the original vertices are adjacent in $G$. If $G$ has no more than three vertices, $H$ has all but at most three adjacency eigenvalues equal to $0$ or $-1$. In this paper we consider the converse problem, and determine the class $\cal G$ of all graphs with at most three eigenvalues unequal to $0$ and $-1$. Ignoring isolated vertices, we find that $\cal G$ consists of all mixed extensions of graphs on at most three vertices together with some particular mixed extensions of the paths $P_4$ and $P_5$.

math.CO↗
arXiv2018

Graph switching, 2-ranks, and graphical Hadamard matrices

We study the behaviour of the 2-rank of the adjacency matrix of a graph under Seidel and Godsil-McKay switching, and apply the result to graphs coming from graphical Hadamard matrices of order $4^m$. Starting with graphs from known Hadamard matrices of order $64$, we find (by computer) many Godsil-McKay switching sets that increase the 2-rank. Thus we find strongly regular graphs with parameters $(63,32,16,16)$, $(64,36,20,20)$, and $(64,28,12,12)$ for almost all feasible 2-ranks. In addition we work out the behaviour of the 2-rank for a graph product related to the Kronecker product for Hadamard matrices, which enables us to find many graphical Hadamard matrices of order $4^m$ for which the related strongly regular graphs have an unbounded number of different 2-ranks. The paper extends results from the article 'Switched symplectic graphs and their 2-ranks' by the first and the last author.

math.CO↗
arXiv2017

Cospectral mates for the union of some classes in the Johnson association scheme

Let $n\geq k\geq 2$ be two integers and $S$ a subset of $\{0,1,\dots,k-1\}$. The graph $J_{S}(n,k)$ has as vertices the $k$-subsets of the $n$-set $[n]=\{1,\dots,n\}$ and two $k$-subsets $A$ and $B$ are adjacent if $|A\cap B|\in S$. In this paper, we use Godsil-McKay switching to prove that for $m\geq 0$, $k\geq \max(m+2,3)$ and $S = \{0, 1, ..., m\}$, the graphs $J_S(3k-2m-1,k)$ are not determined by spectrum and for $m\geq 2$, $n\geq 4m+2$ and $S = \{0,1,...,m\}$ the graphs $J_{S}(n,2m+1)$ are not determined by spectrum. We also report some computational searches for Godsil-McKay switching sets in the union of classes in the Johnson scheme for $k\leq 5$.

math.CO↗
arXiv2016

On the spectral characterization of pineapple graphs

The pineapple graph $K_p^q$ is obtained by appending $q$ pendant edges to a vertex of a complete graph $K_{p}$ ($q\geq 1,\ p\geq 3$). Zhang and Zhang ["Some graphs determined by their spectra", Linear Algebra and its Applications, 431 (2009) 1443-1454] claim that the pineapple graphs are determined by their adjacency spectrum. We show that their claim is false by constructing graphs which are cospectral and non-isomorphic with $K_p^q$ for every $p\geq 4$ and various values of $q$. In addition we prove that the claim is true if $q=2$, and refer to the literature for $q=1$, $p=3$, and $(p,q)=(4,3)$.

math.CO↗
arXiv2015

Switched symplectic graphs and their 2-ranks

We apply Godsil-McKay switching to the symplectic graphs over $\mathbb{F}_2$ with at least 63 vertices and prove that the 2-rank of (the adjacency matrix of) the graph increases after switching. This shows that the switched graph is a new strongly regular graph with parameters $(2^{2ν}\!-1, 2^{2ν-1}, 2^{2ν-2},2^{2ν-2})$ and 2-rank $2ν+2$ when $ν\geq 3$. For the symplectic graph on $63$ vertices we investigate repeated switching by computer and find many new strongly regular graphs with the above parameters for $ν=3$ with various 2-ranks. Using these results and a recursive construction method for the symplectic graph from Hadamard matrices, we obtain several graphs with the above parameters, but different 2-ranks for every $ν\geq 3$.

math.CO↗
arXiv2014

Notes on simplicial rook graphs

The simplicial rook graph ${\rm SR}(m,n)$ is the graph of which the vertices are the sequences of nonnegative integers of length $m$ summing to $n$, where two such sequences are adjacent when they differ in precisely two places. We show that ${\rm SR}(m,n)$ has integral eigenvalues, and smallest eigenvalue $s = \max (-n, -{m \choose 2})$, and that this graph has a large part of its spectrum in common with the Johnson graph $J(m+n-1,n)$. We determine the automorphism group and several other properties.

math.CO↗
arXiv2014

Godsil-McKay switching and isomorphism

Godsil-McKay switching is an operation on graphs that doesn't change the spectrum of the adjacency matrix. Usually (but not always) the obtained graph is non-isomorphic with the original graph. We present a straightforward sufficient condition for being isomorphic after switching, and give examples which show that this condition is not necessary. For some graph products we obtain sufficient conditions for being non-isomorphic after switching. As an example we find that the tensor product of the $\ell\times m$ grid ($\ell>m\geq 2$) and a graph with at least one vertex of degree two is not determined by its adjacency spectrum.

math.CO↗
arXiv2014

Regular graphs with maximal energy per vertex

We study the energy per vertex in regular graphs. For every k, we give an upper bound for the energy per vertex of a k-regular graph, and show that a graph attains the upper bound if and only if it is the disjoint union of incidence graphs of projective planes of order k-1 or, in case k=2, the disjoint union of triangles and hexagons. For every k, we also construct k-regular subgraphs of incidence graphs of projective planes for which the energy per vertex is close to the upper bound. In this way, we show that this upper bound is asymptotically tight.

math.CO↗
arXiv2013

The graphs with all but two eigenvalues equal to $\pm 1$

We determine all graphs whose adjacency matrix has at most two eigenvalues (multiplicities included) different from $\pm 1$ and decide which of these graphs are determined by their spectrum. This includes the so-called friendship graphs, which consist of a number of edge-disjoint triangles meeting in one vertex. It turns out that the friendship graph is determined by its spectrum, except when the number of triangles equals sixteen.

math.CO↗
arXiv2012

Spectral characterizations of almost complete graphs

We investigate when a complete graph $K_n$ with some edges deleted is determined by its adjacency spectrum. It is shown to be the case if the deleted edges form a matching, a complete graph $K_m$ provided $m \leq n-2$, or a complete bipartite graph. If the edges of a path are deleted we prove that the graph is determined by its generalized spectrum (that is, the spectrum together with the spectrum of the complement). When at most five edges are deleted from $K_n$, there is just one pair of nonisomorphic cospectral graphs. We construct nonisomorphic cospectral graphs (with cospectral complements) for all $n$ if six or more edges are deleted from $K_n$, provided $n$ is big enough.

math.CO↗