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Wojciech Szewczuk

Publications and source records attributed to Wojciech Szewczuk.

17 recordsLinked to original sources

Asteroseismic analysis of RY Leporis: the post-main sequence HADS in a binary system

We present a comprehensive study of the pulsating primary component of the long-period binary system RY Lep. The spectral energy distribution and the absence of detectable lines indicate that the companion is likely a white dwarf. Atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances were determined from a high-resolution spectrum obtained with the the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT). The spectroscopic analysis reveals an underabundance of iron-group elements and an enhancement of neutron-capture elements, including barium and europium, with an overall metallicity of [m/H]$\approx -0.4$. In the next step, we performed the first Fourier analysis of long-term photometric data from ASAS, SuperWASP, and TESS. In the TESS observations, we identify several additional frequencies not present in the ground-based data. The dominant frequency at 4.4415 d$^{-1}$ is identified as a radial mode, most likely the first radial overtone. Finally, seismic modeling of RY Lep was carried out by fitting the dominant mode together with the secondary frequency at 6.5991 d$^{-1}$, considering two possible identification for the latter: the third radial overtone or a dipole mode. Bayesian inference based on Monte Carlo simulations yields a stellar mass of $\sim 2.0 $M$_\odot$ and an age of $\sim 730$ Myr. All viable seismic models place RY Lep in the hydrogen shell-burning evolutionary phase, with a metallicity consistent with the spectroscopic determination.

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Asteroseismology of the fast-rotating high-amplitude $δ$ Scuti star V2367 Cygni

We present the comprehensive analysis of the high-amplitude $δ$ Sct star V2367 Cygni. Firstly, we perform the frequency analysis for the whole available set of the {\it Kepler} and {\it TESS} photometry. Most of the frequency peaks are harmonics or combinations of the three known independent frequencies with the highest amplitudes, i.e., $ν_1=5.66106$\,d$^{-1}$, $ν_2=7.14898$\,d$^{-1}$ and $ν_3=7.77557$\,d$^{-1}$. The total number of independent frequencies is 26 and 25 from the {\it Kepler} and {\it TESS} light curve, respectively. Then, using the $UBVRI$ time-series photometry, we unambiguously identify the dominant frequency $ν_1$ as the radial mode, whereas in the case of frequencies $ν_2$ and $ν_3$ the most probable mode degrees are $\ell=0$ or $\ell=2$. However, only the frequency $ν_2$ can be associated with a radial mode, and only if higher order effects of rotation are taken into account. Including the rotational mode coupling, we constructed complex seismic models of V2367\,Cyg, which fit $ν_1$ and $ν_2$ as radial modes, and reproduce the amplitude of bolometric flux variations (the parameter $f$) for the dominant mode. The empirical values of $f$ are derived from the $UBVRI$ amplitudes and phases. We rely on the Bayesian analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations to derive constraints on evolutionary stage, mass, rotation, overshooting from the convective core and efficiency of convective transport in the envelope. Our seismic analysis clearly indicates that V2367\,Cyg is in a post-MS phase of evolution. This is the first extensive seismic modelling that takes into account the effect of rotational coupling between pulsation modes.

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A need to revise stellar opacities from asteroseismology of $δ$ Scuti stars

We construct seismic models of the four double-mode radial $δ$ Scuti stars adopting opacities from three databases: OPAL, OP and OPLIB. The aim is to find the models that fit the observed frequencies of the two radial modes and have the effective temperature and luminosity consistent with the observed values. Using the Bayesian analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations, we obtain that only the OPAL seismic models are caught within the observed error box in the HR diagram. Seismic models computed with the OP and OPLIB data are much cooler and less luminous. By including the relative amplitude of the bolometric flux variations (the so-called parameter $f$) into these simulations, we constrain the efficiency of convection in the envelopes, described by the mixing length parameter $α_{\rm MLT}$. We get $α_{\rm MLT}\approx 0.5$ for BP Peg, AE UMa and RV Ari (Population I stars) and $α_{\rm MLT}\approx 1.0$ for SX Phe (Population II star). For all the stars, overshooting from the convective core seems inefficient. A similar effect of opacity should occur also for classical Cepheids or RR Lyr stars that are used as standard candles to measure the universe.

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Seismic modeling of a very young SPB star -- KIC8264293

KIC8264293 is a fast rotating B-type pulsator observed by Kepler satellite. Its photometric variability is mainly due to pulsations in high-order g modes. Besides, we detected a weak H$α$ emission. Thus, the second source of variability is the fluctuation in a disk around the star. The pulsational spectrum of KIC8264293 reveals a frequency grouping and period spacing pattern. Here, we present the thorough seismic analysis of the star based on these features. Taking into account the position of the star in the HR diagram and fitting the 14 frequencies that form the period spacing we constrain the internal structure of the star. We conclude that the star barely left the ZAMS and the best seismic model has $M = 3.54\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$, $V_\mathrm{rot}=248\,\mathrm{km\,s}^{-1}$ and $Z = 0.0112$. We found the upper limit on the mixing at the edge of the convective core, with the overshooting parameter up to $f_\mathrm{ov} = 0.03$. On the other hand, we were not able to constrain the envelope mixing for the star. To excite the modes in the observed frequency range, we had to modify the opacity data. Our best seismic model with an opacity increase by 100% at the "nickel" bump $\log T=5.46$ explains the whole instability. KIC8264293 is the unique, very young star pulsating in high-order g modes with the Be feature. However, it is not obvious whether the source of this circumstellar matter is the ejection of mass from the underlying star or whether the star has retained its protostellar disk.

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Variability of newly identified B-type stars observed by Kepler

Recent re-determination of stellar atmospheric parameters for a sample of stars observed during the {\it Kepler} mission allowed to enlarge the number of {\it Kepler} B-type stars. We present the detailed frequency analysis for all these objects. All stars exhibit pulsational variability with maximum amplitudes at frequencies corresponding to high-order g modes. Peaks that could be identified with low-order p/g modes are also extracted for a few stars. We identified some patters in the oscillation spectra that can be associated with the period spacings that can result from the asymptotic nature of the detected pulsational modes. We also tentatively confront the observed oscillation characteristics with predictions from linear nonadiabatic computations of stellar pulsations. For high-order g modes the traditional approximation was employed to include the effects of rotation on the frequency values and mode instability.

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Simultaneous binary and asteroseismic modelling of the Kepler system KIC 10661783 with the $δ$ Scuti component

We present the results of analysis and modelling of the eclipsing binary system, KIC 10661783. The Fourier analysis of the Kepler light curve, corrected for the binary effects, reveals 750 frequency peaks in both p and g-mode regions. Those with the highest amplitudes concentrate in the range of 20-30 d$^{-1}$. To reproduce observed spectrum of frequencies we construct seismic models accounting for the mode instability. In order to obtain instabilities in the g-mode regime we modify the opacity tables data near the Z-bump. In order to reproduce system parameters, we construct evolutionary models including binary evolution.

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Testing stellar opacities using asteroseismology

We present what constraints on opacities can be derived from the analysis of stellar pulsations of BA-type main-sequence stars. This analysis consists of the construction of complex seismic models which reproduce the observed frequencies as well as the bolometric flux amplitude extracted from the multi-colour photometric variations. Stellar seismology, i.e., {\it asteroseismology}, is a relatively young branch of astrophysics and, currently, provides the most accurate test of the theory of internal structure and evolution. We show that opacities under stellar conditions need to be modified at the depth of temperatures $T=110~000-290~000$\,K. The revision of opacity data is of great importance because they are crucial for all branches of astrophysics.

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What have we learnt from pulsations of B-type stars?

We review the main results obtained from our seismic studies of B-type main sequence pulsators, based on the ground-based, MOST, Kepler and BRITE observations. Important constraints on stellar opacities, convective overshooting and rotation are derived. In each studied case, a significant modification of the opacity profile at the depths corresponding to the temperature range $\log{T}\in (5.0-5.5)$ is indispensable to explain all pulsational properties. In particular, a huge amount of opacity (at least 200\%) at the depth of the temperature $\log T = 5.46$ (the "nickel" opacity) has to be added in early B-type stellar models to account for low frequencies which correspond to high-order g modes. The values of the overshooting parameter, $α_{\rm ov}$, from our seismic studies is below 0.3. In the case of a few stars, the deeper interiors have to rotate faster to get the g-mode instability in the whole observed range.

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Domains of pulsational instability of low-frequency modes in rotating upper main-sequence stars

We determine instability domains on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram for rotating main sequence stars with masses 2-20 $\mathrm M_\odot$. The effects of the Coriolis force are treated in the framework of the traditional approximation. High-order g-modes with the harmonic degrees, $\ell$, up to 4 and mixed gravity-Rossby modes with $|m|$ up to 4 are considered. Including the effects of rotation results in wider instability strips for a given $\ell$ comparing to the non-rotating case and in an extension of the pulsational instability to hotter and more massive models. We present results for the fixed value of the initial rotation velocity as well as for the fixed ratio of the angular rotation frequency to its critical value. Moreover, we check how the initial hydrogen abundance, metallicity, overshooting from the convective core and the opacity data affect the pulsational instability domains. The effect of rotation on the period spacing is also discussed.

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Deciphering the period spacing pattern in the oscillation spectrum of the SPB star KIC 7760680

We present the analysis of KIC 7760680, the rotating Slowly Pulsating B-type star identified in the Kepler photometry. The oscillation spectrum of the star exhibits a series of 36 frequencies which are quasi-equally spaced in period. We confirm that this series can be associated with prograde dipole modes of consecutive radial orders. In our studies, the effects of rotation were included in the MESA equilibrium models as well as in the puslational calculations in the framework of the traditional approximation. We find that pulsational models computed with the OPLIB opacities best reproduce the observed frequency range. The modified opacity data with an enhancement of the opacity at $\log T=5.3$, 5.46 and 5.06 were tested as well. Increasing the OPLIB opacities by about 50% at $\log T=5.3$ is sufficient to excite modes in the whole range of 36 frequency peaks of KIC 7760680.

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Seismic modelling of the rotating, slowly pulsating B-type star HD 21071

Interpretation of the oscillation spectrum of the slowly pulsating B-type star HD21071 is presented. We show that non-rotating models cannot account for the two highest amplitude frequencies and taking into account the effects of rotation is necessary. Rotating seismic models are constructed using various chemical compositions, opacity data, core overshooting parameters and rotational velocities. There are prospects for seismic modelling of SPB stars, even if no asymptotic pattern is observed in their oscillation spectra, provided an unambiguous mode identification is doable and the effects of rotation are properly included.

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Interpretation of the oscillation spectrum of HD 50230 - a failure of richness

Attempts to interpret the observed oscillation spectrum of the SPB star HD 50230 are reported. We argue that a nearly equidistant period spacing found in the oscillation spectrum of the star is most likely accidental. The observed period distribution requires excitation of modes with the degree $\ell>4$. Much more may be learned from the rich oscillation spectrum of the star but most of the work is still ahead of us.

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Constraints on stellar parameters of the SPB star HD182255 from complex asteroseismology

Seismic modeling of the Slowly Pulsating B-type star HD182255 yields strong constraints on the radial orders of the two dominant modes. For these frequencies, we derive also the empirical values of the complex nonadiabatic parameter $f$. These two seismic tools, i.e., pulsational frequencies and the associated values of $f$, allow to test available opacity data, chemical composition and overshooting efficiency.

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Constraints on model atmospheres from complex asteroseismology of the βCephei stars

Using the method termed complex asteroseismology, we derive constraints on model atmospheres, in particular, on the NLTE effects. We fit simultaneously pulsational frequencies and the corresponding values of the nonadiabatic complex parameter f for the four βCephei stars: θOph, νEri, γPeg and 12 Lac. The LTE Kurucz models and the BSTAR2006 NLTE models are tested.

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Studying the hybrid pulsator 12 Lacertae: mode identification and complex seismic modelling

We present identification of the mode degree, l, for all observed frequencies of 12 Lac and results of seismic modelling which consists in fitting simultaneously the centroid mode frequencies and the corresponding values of the complex nonadiabatic f-parameter. Effects of chemical composition, opacities, core overshooting and non-LTE atmospheres were taken into account.

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Complex asteroseismology of the Slowly Pulsating B-type star HD74560

We present the results of complex seismic modelling of the Slowly Pulsating B-type star HD74560. The star pulsates in five frequencies detected in photometric observations. For all these frequencies, we identify the mode degree, $\ell$. For two of them, found also in spectroscopic data, we are able to derived the empirical values of the complex nonadiabatic parameter $f$. We test effects of chemical composition and opacity data. Our results show that the properties of seismic models of SPB stars differ significantly from those of the more massive $β$ Cephei stars.

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Photometric amplitudes and phases of B-type main sequence pulsators: sources of inaccuracy

We discuss all possible sources of uncertainties in theoretical values of the photometric amplitudes and phases of B-type main sequence pulsators. These observables are of particular importance because they contain information about the mode geometry as well as about stellar physics. Here, we study effects of various parameters coming both from theory of linear nonadiabatic oscillations and from models of stellar atmospheres. In particular, we show effects of chemical composition, opacities and, for the first time, effects of the NLTE atmospheres.

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