arXiv subjects

Wu Xue

Publications and source records attributed to Wu Xue.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Mask Approximation Net: A Novel Diffusion Model Approach for Remote Sensing Change Captioning

Remote sensing image change description represents an innovative multimodal task within the realm of remote sensing processing.This task not only facilitates the detection of alterations in surface conditions, but also provides comprehensive descriptions of these changes, thereby improving human interpretability and interactivity.Current deep learning methods typically adopt a three stage framework consisting of feature extraction, feature fusion, and change localization, followed by text generation. Most approaches focus heavily on designing complex network modules but lack solid theoretical guidance, relying instead on extensive empirical experimentation and iterative tuning of network components. This experience-driven design paradigm may lead to overfitting and design bottlenecks, thereby limiting the model's generalizability and adaptability.To address these limitations, this paper proposes a paradigm that shift towards data distribution learning using diffusion models, reinforced by frequency-domain noise filtering, to provide a theoretically motivated and practically effective solution to multimodal remote sensing change description.The proposed method primarily includes a simple multi-scale change detection module, whose output features are subsequently refined by a well-designed diffusion model.Furthermore, we introduce a frequency-guided complex filter module to boost the model performance by managing high-frequency noise throughout the diffusion process. We validate the effectiveness of our proposed method across several datasets for remote sensing change detection and description, showcasing its superior performance compared to existing techniques. The code will be available at \href{https://github.com/sundongwei}{MaskApproxNet}.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2024

Liver Fat Quantification Network with Body Shape

It is critically important to detect the content of liver fat as it is related to cardiac complications and cardiovascular disease mortality. However, existing methods are either associated with high cost and/or medical complications (e.g., liver biopsy, imaging technology) or only roughly estimate the grades of steatosis. In this paper, we propose a deep neural network to estimate the percentage of liver fat using only body shapes. The proposed is composed of a flexible baseline network and a lightweight Attention module. The attention module is trained to generate discriminative and diverse features which significant improve the performance. In order to validate the method, we perform extensive tests on the public medical dataset. The results verify that our proposed method yields state-of-the-art performance with Root mean squared error (RMSE) of 5.26% and R-Squared value over 0.8. It offers an accurate and more accessible assessment of hepatic steatosis.

eess.IV↗

arXiv2021

Bayesian Sensitivity Analysis for Missing Data Using the E-value

Sensitivity Analysis is a framework to assess how conclusions drawn from missing outcome data may be vulnerable to departures from untestable underlying assumptions. We extend the E-value, a popular metric for quantifying robustness of causal conclusions, to the setting of missing outcomes. With motivating examples from partially-observed Facebook conversion events, we present methodology for conducting Sensitivity Analysis at scale with three contributions. First, we develop a method for the Bayesian estimation of sensitivity parameters leveraging noisy benchmarks(e.g., aggregated reports for protecting unit-level privacy); both empirically derived subjective and objective priors are explored. Second, utilizing the Bayesian estimation of the sensitivity parameters we propose a mechanism for posterior inference of the E-value via simulation. Finally, closed form distributions of the E-value are constructed to make direct inference possible when posterior simulation is infeasible due to computational constraints. We demonstrate gains in performance over asymptotic inference of the E-value using data-based simulations, supplemented by a case-study of Facebook conversion events.

stat.ME↗

arXiv2020

Functional Data Analysis with Causation in Observational Studies: Covariate Balancing Functional Propensity Score for Functional Treatments

Functional data analysis, which handles data arising from curves, surfaces, volumes, manifolds and beyond in a variety of scientific fields, is a rapidly developing area in modern statistics and data science in the recent decades. The effect of a functional variable on an outcome is an essential theme in functional data analysis, but a majority of related studies are restricted to correlational effects rather than causal effects. This paper makes the first attempt to study the causal effect of a functional variable as a treatment in observational studies. Despite the lack of a probability density function for the functional treatment, the propensity score is properly defined in terms of a multivariate substitute. Two covariate balancing methods are proposed to estimate the propensity score, which minimize the correlation between the treatment and covariates. The appealing performance of the proposed method in both covariate balance and causal effect estimation is demonstrated by a simulation study. The proposed method is applied to study the causal effect of body shape on human visceral adipose tissue.

stat.ME↗

arXiv2020

Average Treatment Effect Estimation in Observational Studies with Functional Covariates

Functional data analysis is an important area in modern statistics and has been successfully applied in many fields. Although many scientific studies aim to find causations, a predominant majority of functional data analysis approaches can only reveal correlations. In this paper, average treatment effect estimation is studied for observational data with functional covariates. This paper generalizes various state-of-art propensity score estimation methods for multivariate data to functional data. The resulting average treatment effect estimators via propensity score weighting are numerically evaluated by a simulation study and applied to a real-world dataset to study the causal effect of duloxitine on the pain relief of chronic knee osteoarthritis patients.

stat.AP↗