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X. Q. He

Publications and source records attributed to X. Q. He.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Observation and study of the decay $J/ψ\rightarrowϕηη'$

We report the observation and study of the decay $J/ψ\rightarrowϕηη'$ using $1.3\times{10^9}$ $J/ψ$ events collected with the BESIII detector. Its branching fraction, including all possible intermediate states, is measured to be $(2.32\pm0.06\pm0.16)\times{10^{-4}}$. We also report evidence for a structure, denoted as $X$, in the $ϕη'$ mass spectrum in the $2.0-2.1$ GeV/$c^2$ region. Using two decay modes of the $η'$ meson ($γπ^+π^-$ and $ηπ^+π^-$), a simultaneous fit to the $ϕη'$ mass spectra is performed. Assuming the quantum numbers of the $X$ to be $J^P = 1^-$, its significance is found to be 4.4$σ$, with a mass and width of $(2002.1 \pm 27.5 \pm 21.4)$ MeV/$c^2$ and $(129 \pm 17 \pm 9)$ MeV, respectively, and a product branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\rightarrowηX)\times{}\mathcal{B}(X\rightarrowϕη')=(9.8 \pm 1.2 \pm 1.7)\times10^{-5}$. Alternatively, assuming $J^P = 1^+$, the significance is 3.8$σ$, with a mass and width of $(2062.8 \pm 13.1 \pm 7.2)$ MeV/$c^2$ and $(177 \pm 36 \pm 35)$ MeV, respectively, and a product branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\rightarrowηX)\times{}\mathcal{B}(X\rightarrowϕη')=(9.6 \pm 1.4 \pm 2.0)\times10^{-5}$. The angular distribution of $J/ψ\rightarrowηX$ is studied and the two $J^P$ assumptions of the $X$ cannot be clearly distinguished due to the limited statistics. In all measurements the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.

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Search for heavy Majorana neutrino in lepton number violating decays of D-> K pi e+ e+

Using the data sample of an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb$^{-1}$ taken at the center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV, we search for the Majorana neutrino in the lepton number violating decays $D\to K πe^+ e^+$. No significant signal is observed, and the upper limits on the branching fraction at the 90\% confidence level are set to be $\mathcal{B}\,(D^0 \to K^- π^- e^+ e^+)<2.8\times10^{-6}$, $\mathcal{B}\,(D^+ \to K_S^0 π^- e^+ e^+)<3.3\times10^{-6}$ and $\mathcal{B}\,(D^+ \to K^- π^0 e^+ e^+)<8.5\times10^{-6}$. The Majorana neutrino is searched for with different mass assumptions ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 GeV/$c^2$ in the decays $D^0\to K^- e^+ ν_N(π^- e^+)$ and $D^+\to K_S^0 e^+ ν_N(π^- e^+)$, and the upper limits on the branching fraction at the 90\% confidence level are extracted to be at the level of $10^{-7} \sim 10^{-6}$, depending on the mass of Majorana neutrino. The constraints on the mixing matrix element $|V_{eN}|^2$ are also evaluated.

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First observations of $h_c \to$ hadrons

Based on $(4.48 \pm 0.03) \times 10^{8}$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector, five $h_c$ hadronic decays are searched for via process $ψ(3686) \to π^0 h_c$. Three of them, $h_c \to p \bar{p} π^+ π^-$, $π^+ π^- π^0$, and $2(π^+ π^-) π^0$ are observed for the first time, with statistical significances of 7.4$σ$, $4.9σ$, and 9.1$σ$, and branching fractions of $(2.89\pm0.32\pm0.55)\times10^{-3}$, $(1.60\pm0.40\pm0.32)\times10^{-3}$, and $(7.44\pm0.94\pm1.56)\times10^{-3}$, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. No significant signal is observed for the other two decay modes, and the corresponding upper limits of the branching fractions are determined to be $B(h_c \to 3(π^+ π^-) π^0)<8.7\times10^{-3}$ and $B(h_c \to K^+ K^- π^+ π^-)<5.8\times10^{-4}$ at 90% confidence level.

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Measurement of the Dynamics of the Decays ${ D_s^+ \rightarrow η^{(\prime)} e^{+} ν_e}$

Using $e^+e^-$ annihilation data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.19\,fb$^{-1}$ collected at a center-of-mass energy of 4.178~GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the absolute branching fractions $\mathcal{B}_{D_s^+ \rightarrow ηe^{+} ν_e }$ = $(2.323\pm0.063_{\rm stat}\pm0.063_{\rm syst})\%$ and $\mathcal{B}_{D_s^+ \rightarrow η^{\prime} e^{+} ν_e}$ = $(0.824\pm0.073_{\rm stat}\pm0.027_{\rm syst})\%$ via a tagged analysis technique, where one $D_s$ is fully reconstructed in a hadronic mode. Combining these measurements with previous BESIII measurements of $\mathcal{B}_{D^+\toη^{(\prime)} e^{+} ν_e}$, the $η-η^\prime$ mixing angle in the quark flavour basis is determined to be $ϕ_{\rm P} = (40.1\pm2.1_{\rm stat}\pm0.7_{\rm syst})^\circ$. From the first measurements of the dynamics of $D^+_s\to η^{(\prime)}e^+ν_e$ decays, the products of the hadronic form factors $f_+^{η^{(\prime)}}(0)$ and the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element $|V_{cs}|$ are determined with different form factor parameterizations. For the two-parameter series expansion, the results are $f^η_+(0)|V_{cs}| = 0.4455\pm0.0053_{\rm stat}\pm0.0044_{\rm syst}$ and $f^{η^{\prime}}_+(0)|V_{cs}| = 0.477\pm0.049_{\rm stat}\pm0.011_{\rm syst}$.

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Observation of $D^+ \to f_0(500) e^+ν_e$ and Improved Measurements of $D \toρe^+ν_e$

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93~fb$^{-1}$ recorded by the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of $3.773$ GeV, we present an analysis of the decays $\bar{D}^0\toπ^+π^0 e^-\barν_e$ and $D^+\toπ^-π^+ e^+ν_e$. By performing a partial wave analysis, the $π^+π^-$ $S$-wave contribution to $D^+\toπ^-π^+ e^+ν_e$ is observed to be $(25.7\pm1.6\pm1.1)$% with a statistical significance greater than 10$σ$, besides the dominant $P$-wave contribution. This is the first observation of the $S$-wave contribution. We measure the branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(D^{0} \to ρ^- e^+ ν_e) = (1.445\pm 0.058 \pm 0.039) \times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D^{+} \to ρ^0 e^+ ν_e) = (1.860\pm 0.070 \pm 0.061) \times10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}(D^{+} \to f_0(500) e^+ ν_e, f_0(500)\toπ^+π^-) = (6.30\pm 0.43 \pm 0.32) \times10^{-4}$. An upper limit of $\mathcal{B}(D^{+} \to f_0(980) e^+ ν_e, f_0(980)\toπ^+π^-) < 2.8 \times10^{-5}$ is set at the 90% confidence level. We also obtain the hadronic form factor ratios of $D\to ρe^+ν_e$ at $q^{2}=0$ assuming the single-pole dominance parameterization: $r_{V}=\frac{V(0)}{A_{1}(0)}=1.695\pm0.083\pm0.051$, $r_{2}=\frac{A_{2}(0)}{A_{1}(0)}=0.845\pm0.056\pm0.039$.

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Observation of OZI suppressed decays $χ_{cJ}\toωϕ$

Decays $χ_{cJ}~(J=0,1,2)\toωϕ$ are studied using $(448.1\pm2.9)\times 10^{6} ~ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector in 2009 and 2012. In addition to the previously established $χ_{c0}\toωϕ$, first observation of $χ_{c1} \to ωϕ$ is reported in this paper. The measured product branching fractions are ${\cal{B}}(ψ(3686)\toγχ_{c0})\times{\cal{B}}(χ_{c0}\toωϕ)=(13.83\pm 0.70\pm 1.01)\times10^{-6}$ and ${\cal{B}}(ψ(3686)\toγχ_{c1})\times{\cal{B}}(χ_{c1}\toωϕ)=(2.67\pm 0.31\pm 0.27)\times10^{-6}$, and the absolute branching fractions are ${\cal{B}}(χ_{c0}\toωϕ)=(13.84\pm 0.70\pm 1.08)\times10^{-5}$ and ${\cal{B}}(χ_{c1}\toωϕ)=(2.80\pm 0.32\pm 0.30)\times10^{-5}$. We also find a strong evidence for $χ_{c2}\toωϕ$ with a statistical significance of 4.8$σ$, and the corresponding product and absolute branching fractions are measured to be ${\cal{B}}(ψ(3686)\toγχ_{c2})\times{\cal{B}}(χ_{c2}\toωϕ)=(0.91\pm0.23\pm0.12)\times10^{-6} $ and ${\cal{B}}(χ_{c2}\toωϕ)=(1.00\pm0.25\pm0.14)\times10^{-5}$. Here, the first errors are statistical and the second ones systematic.

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First measurement of the form factors in $D^+_{s}\rightarrow K^0 e^+ν_e$ and $D^+_{s}\rightarrow K^{*0} e^+ν_e$ decays

We report on new measurements of Cabibbo-suppressed semileptonic $D_s^+$ decays using $3.19~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data sample collected at a center-of-mass energy of 4.178~GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider. Our results include branching fractions $\mathcal B({D^+_s\rightarrow K^0 e^+ν_{e}})=(3.25\pm0.38({\rm stat.})\pm0.16({\rm syst.}))\times10^{-3}$ and $\mathcal B({D^+_s\rightarrow K^{*0} e^+ν_{e}})=(2.37\pm0.26({\rm stat.})\pm0.20({\rm syst.}))\times10^{-3}$ which are much improved relative to previous measurements, and the first measurements of the hadronic form-factor parameters for these decays. For $D^+_s\rightarrow K^0 e^+ν_{e}$, we obtain $f_+(0)=0.720\pm0.084({\rm stat.})\pm0.013({\rm syst.})$, and for $D^+_s\rightarrow K^{*0} e^+ν_{e}$, we find form-factor ratios $r_V=V(0)/A_1(0)=1.67\pm0.34({\rm stat.})\pm0.16({\rm syst.})$ and $r_2=A_2(0)/A_1(0)=0.77\pm0.28({\rm stat.})\pm0.07({\rm syst.})$.

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Search for rare decay $J/ ψ\to ϕe^+ e^-$

Using a data sample of $448.1\times10^6$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected at $\sqrt{s}=$ 3.686 GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII, we search for the rare decay $J/ψ\to ϕe^+ e^-$ via $ψ(3686) \to π^+π^- J/ψ$. No signal events are observed and the upper limit on the branching fraction is set to be $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to ϕe^+ e^-) < 1.2 \times 10^{-7}$ at the 90\% confidence level, which is still about one order of magnitude higher than the Standard Model prediction.

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Measurement of $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to η' e^+ e^- $) and search for a dark photon

Using a data sample of $(1310.6\pm7.0)\times10^{6}$ $J/ψ$ decay events collected with the BESIII detector at BEPCII, we study the electromagnetic Dalitz decay $J/ψ\to η' e^+e^-$ with two dominant $η'$ decay modes, $η' \to γπ^+ π^-$ and $η' \to π^+π^-η$. The branching fraction is determined to be $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to η' e^+e^-) = (6.59\pm0.07\pm0.17) \times 10^{-5}$, which improves in precision by a factor of 2 over the previous BESIII measurement. A search for the dark photon ($γ'$) is performed via $J/ψ\toη' γ', γ' \to e^{+}e^{-}$. Excluding the $ω$ and $ϕ$ mass regions, no significant signal is observed in the mass range from 0.1 to 2.1 GeV/$c^{2}$. We set upper limits at the 90\% confidence level on $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\to η' γ')\times\mathcal{B}(γ' \to e^+e^-)$, $\mathcal{B}(J/ψ\toη' γ'$) and the mixing strength as a function of dark photon mass. This is among the first searches for dark photons in charmonium decays.

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Observation of $χ_{cJ}\to4K_{S}^{0}$

By analyzing $(448.1\pm2.9)\times10^6$ $ψ(3686)$ events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the decays of $χ_{cJ} \to 4K_S^0$ ($J=0,1,2$) are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 26.5$σ$, 5.9$σ$ and 11.4$σ$, respectively. The product branching fractions of $ψ(3686)\toγχ_{cJ}$, $χ_{cJ}\to4K_{S}^{0}$ are presented and the branching fractions of $χ_{cJ}\to4K_{S}^{0}$ decays are determined to be $\mathcal{B}_{χ_{c0}\to 4K_S^0}$=$(5.76\pm0.34\pm0.38)$$\times10^{-4}$, $\mathcal{B}_{χ_{c1}\to 4K_S^0}$=$(0.35\pm0.09\pm0.03)$$\times10^{-4}$ and $\mathcal{B}_{χ_{c2}\to 4K_S^0}$=$(1.14\pm0.15\pm0.08)$$\times10^{-4}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, respectively.

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Search for a strangeonium-like structure $Z_s$ decaying into $ϕπ$ and a measurement of the cross section $e^+e^-\rightarrowϕππ$

Using a data sample of $e^+e^-$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 108 pb$^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector at a center-of-mass energy of 2.125 GeV, we study the process $e^+e^-\rightarrow ϕππ$ and search for a strangeoniumlike structure $Z_s$ decaying into $ϕπ$. No signal is observed in the $ϕπ$ mass spectrum. Upper limits on the cross sections for $Z_s$ production at the 90\% confidence level are determined. In addition, the cross sections of $e^+e^-\rightarrowϕπ^{+}π^{-}$ and $e^+e^-\rightarrowϕπ^{0}π^{0}$ at 2.125 GeV are measured to be $(436.2\pm6.4\pm30.1)$ pb and $(237.0\pm8.6\pm15.4)$ pb, respectively, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic.

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Amplitude analysis of $D^{+} \rightarrow K_{S}^{0} π^{+} π^{+} π^{-}$

The decay $D^{+} \rightarrow K_{S}^{0} π^{+} π^{+} π^{-}$ is studied with an amplitude analysis using a data set of 2.93${\mbox{\,fb}^{-1}}$ of $e^+e^+$ collisions at the $ψ(3770)$ peak accumulated by the BESIII detector. Intermediate states and non-resonant components, and their relative fractions and phases have been determined. The significant amplitudes, which contribute to the model that best fits the data, are composed of five quasi-two-body decays $ K_{S}^{0} a_{1}(1260)^{+}$, $ \bar{K}_{1}(1270)^{0} π^{+}$ $ \bar{K}_{1}(1400)^{0} π^{+}$, $ \bar{K}_{1}(1650)^{0} π^{+}$, and $ \bar{K}(1460)^{0} π^{+}$, a three-body decays $K_{S}^{0}π^{+}ρ^{0}$, as well as a non-resonant component $ K_{S}^{0}π^{+}π^{+}π^{-}$. The dominant amplitude is $ K_{S}^{0} a_{1}(1260)^{+}$, with a fit fraction of $(40.3\pm2.1\pm2.9)\%$, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively.

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Observation of $D^+_s\rightarrow p\bar{n}$ and confirmation of its large branching fraction

The baryonic decay $D^+_s\rightarrow p\bar{n}$ is observed, and the corresponding branching fraction is measured to be $(1.21\pm0.10\pm0.05)\times10^{-3}$, where the first uncertainty is statistical and second systematic. The data sample used in this analysis was collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII $e^+e^-$ double-ring collider with a center-of-mass energy of 4.178~GeV and an integrated luminosity of 3.19~fb$^{-1}$. The result confirms the previous measurement by the CLEO Collaboration and is of greatly improved precision, which may deepen our understanding of the dynamical enhancement of the W-annihilation topology in the charmed meson decays.

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Study of the $D^0\to K^-μ^+ν_μ$ dynamics and test of lepton flavor universality with $D^0\to K^-\ell^+ν_\ell$ decays

Using $e^+e^-$ annihilation data of $2.93~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=3.773$ GeV with the BESIII detector, we measure the absolute branching fraction of $D^{0}\to K^{-}μ^{+}ν_μ$ with significantly improved precision: ${\mathcal B}_{D^{0}\to K^{-}μ^{+}ν_μ}=(3.413\pm0.019_{\rm stat.}\pm0.035_{\rm syst.})\%$. Combining with our previous measurement of ${\mathcal B}_{D^0\to K^-e^+ν_e}$, the ratio of the two branching fractions is determined to be ${\mathcal B}_{D^0\to K^-μ^+ν_μ}/{\mathcal B}_{D^0\to K^-e^+ν_e}=0.974\pm0.007_{\rm stat.}\pm0.012_{\rm syst.}$, which agrees with the theoretical expectation of lepton flavor universality within the uncertainty. A study of the ratio of the two branching fractions in different four-momentum transfer regions is also performed, and no evidence for lepton flavor universality violation is found with current statistics. Taking inputs from global fit in the standard model and lattice quantum chromodynamics separately, we determine $f_{+}^{K}(0)=0.7327\pm0.0039_{\rm stat.}\pm0.0030_{\rm syst.}$ and $|V_{cs}| = 0.955\pm0.005_{\rm stat.}\pm0.004_{\rm syst.}\pm0.024_{\rm LQCD}$.

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Observation of $e^+e^- \rightarrow D_s^+ \overline{D}{}^{(*)0} K^-$ and study of the $P$-wave $D_s$ mesons

Studies of $e^+e^- \to D_s^+ \overline{D}{}^{(*)0}K^-$ and the $P$-wave charmed-strange mesons are performed based on an $e^+e^-$ collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 567 pb$^{-1}$ collected with the BESIII detector at $\sqrt{s}= 4.600$ GeV. The processes of $e^+e^-\to D_s^+ \overline{D}{*}^{0} K^-$ and $D_s^+ \overline{D}{}^{0} K^-$ are observed for the first time and are found to be dominated by the modes $D_s^+ D_{s1}(2536)^-$ and $D_s^+ D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$, respectively. The Born cross sections are measured to be $σ^{B}(e^+e^-\to D_s^+ \overline{D}{*}^{0} K^-) = (10.1\pm2.3\pm0.8) pb$ and $σ^{B}(e^+e^-\to D_s^+ \overline{D}{}^{0} K^-) = (19.4\pm2.3\pm1.6) pb$, and the products of Born cross section and the decay branching fraction are measured to be $σ^{B}(e^+e^-\to D_s^+D_{s1}(2536)^- + c.c.)\cdot\mathcal{B}(D_{s1}(2536)^- \to \overline{D}{*}^{0} K^-) = (7.5 \pm 1.8 \pm 0.7) pb$ and $σ^{B}(e^+e^-\to D_s^+ D^*_{s2}(2573)^- + c.c.)\cdot\mathcal{B}(D^*_{s2}(2573)^- \to \overline{D}{}^{0} K^-) = (19.7 \pm 2.9 \pm 2.0) pb$. For the $D_{s1}(2536)^-$ and $D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$ mesons, the masses and widths are measured to be $M(D_{s1}(2536)^-) = (2537.7 \pm 0.5 \pm 3.1)~MeV/c^2,$ $ Γ(D_{s1}(2536)^-)) = (1.7\pm 1.2 \pm 0.6)~\rm MeV,$ and $M(D^*_{s2}(2573)^-) = (2570.7\pm 2.0 \pm 1.7)~MeV/c^2,$ $Γ(D^*_{s2}(2573)^-) = (17.2 \pm 3.6 \pm 1.1)~\rm MeV.$ The spin-parity of the $D^*_{s2}(2573)^-$ meson is determined to be $J^P=2^{+}$. In addition, the process $e^+e^-\to D_s^+ \overline{D}{}^{(*)0} K^-$ are searched for using the data samples taken at four (two) center-of-mass energies between 4.416 (4.527) and 4.575 GeV, and upper limits at the $90\%$ confidence level on the cross sections are determined.

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Observation of $ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}$ and improved measurement of $J/ψ\to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}$

We observe the process $ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}$ for the first time, with a statistical significance higher than 10$σ$, and measure the branching fraction of $J/ψ\to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}$ with an improved accuracy compared to earlier studies. The measurements are based on $4.48 \times 10^8$ $ψ(3686)$ and $1.31 \times 10^{9}$ $J/ψ$ events collected by the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII. The branching fractions are determined to be $B(ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}) = (1.10\pm0.10\pm0.08)\times10^{-5}$ and $B(J/ψ\to p \bar{p} η^{\prime})=(1.26\pm0.02\pm 0.07)\times10^{-4}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones systematic. Additionally, the $η-η^{\prime}$ mixing angle is determined to be $-24^{\circ} \pm 11^{\circ}$ based on $ψ(3686) \to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}$, and $-24^{\circ} \pm 9^{\circ}$ based on $J/ψ\to p \bar{p} η^{\prime}$, respectively.

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Measurements of the absolute branching fractions and $CP$ asymmetries for $D^+\rightarrow K_{S,L}^0 K^+(π^0)$

Using $e^+e^-$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb$^{-1}$ taken at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector, we determine the absolute branching fractions $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_S^0 K^+)$ = $(3.02 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.08)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_S^0 K^+ π^0)$ = $(5.07 \pm 0.19 \pm 0.23)\times10^{-3}$, $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_L^0 K^+)$ = $(3.21 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.11)\times10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}(D^+\rightarrow K_L^0 K^+ π^0)$ = $(5.24 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.22)\times10^{-3}$, where the first and second uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. The branching fraction \wbrksk is consistent with the world average value and the other three branching fractions are measured for the first time. We also measure the $CP$ asymmetries for the four decays and do not find a significant deviation from zero.

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Measurement of $e^{+} e^{-} \rightarrow K^{+} K^{-}$ cross section at $\sqrt{s} = 2.00 - 3.08$ GeV

The cross section of the process $e^{+} e^{-} \rightarrow K^{+} K^{-}$ is measured at a number of center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}$ from 2.00 to 3.08 GeV with the BESIII detector at the Beijing Electron Positron Collider (BEPCII). The results provide the best precision achieved so far. A resonant structure around 2.2 GeV is observed in the cross section line shape. A Breit-Wigner fit yields a mass of $M=2239.2 \pm 7.1 \pm 11.3$~and a width of $Γ=139.8\pm12.3\pm20.6$ MeV, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second ones are systematic. In addition, the time-like electromagnetic form factor of the kaon is determined at the individual center-of-mass energy points.

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