arXiv subjects

Xanthe H. Verbeek

Publications and source records attributed to Xanthe H. Verbeek.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Emergence and Detection of Surface altermagnetism in KV$_2$Se$_2$O

We demonstrate the recent concept of emergent surface altermagnetism through its unique signatures in \KVSO. We show that for bulk antiferromagnetically ordered \KVSO, the (001) surface exhibits $d$-wave altermagnetism. Our results fully explain the recent seemingly contradicgting experimental evidence, independently showing both an antiferromagnetically ordered bulk from neutron diffraction, and $d$-wave spin splitting from photoemission spectroscopy. To fully verify this conecept, we predict, as a key experimental signature, a large nonlinear Edelstein response, which is localized at the surface, and follows the $d$-wave altermagnetic symmetry. These results are not only relevant for the metallic and room-temperature magnet \KVSO, but also for several other Lieb lattice systems. Our work expands the pool of techniques that can be used to detect altermagnetism emerging at the surfaces of antiferromagnets.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2026

Emergent altermagnetism at surfaces of antiferromagnets: full symmetry classification and material identification

We demonstrate the emergence of altermagnetism at the surfaces of antiferromagnets, vastly expanding the number of material candidates with altermagnetic characteristics and establishing a route towards two-dimensional altermagnetism through surface-induced symmetry breaking. We do so by developing a surface spin group formalism that fully classifies all surface magnetic states and identifies altermagnetic surface spin groups that can arise at the surfaces of antiferromagnets. We use this formalism to identify over 150 antiferromagnetic entries from the MAGNDATA database with at least one altermagnetic surface, often times with multiple such surfaces in the same material, and clarify the role of surface roughness and terraces. We illustrate this emergent phenomenon in a realistic Lieb lattice-based minimal model and present ab initio calculations on two representative material candidates, $\text{NaMnP}$ and $\text{FeGe}_2$, exhibiting $d$-wave and $g$-wave surface altermagnetism, respectively. Our theory naturally resolves the contradiction of recent experimental reports of $d$-wave spin splitting from ARPES measurements on metallic Lieb lattice compounds such as KV$_2$Se$_2$O that have been shown to be antiferromagnetic in the bulk. Hence, we establish a new paradigm for generating effectively two-dimensional altermagnetism by functionalizing the abundant material class of collinear antiferromagnets as viable platforms for controlled surface altermagnetism.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2025

Strain controlled g- to d-wave transition in altermagnetic CrSb

The possibility of a strain-induced transformation from $g$-wave to $d$-wave altermagnetism was recently recently proposed for MnTe using a $k\cdot p$ perturbative model. In this work, we demonstrate such a transition in CrSb for a wider array of strains, using a combination of a minimal model and first-principles calculations. Starting from a symmetry perspective, we analyze the spin elastoconductivity tensor, and determine the strain types which allow for a change in the altermagnetic symmetry. We obtain three strain directions, which allow for a $d$-wave type splitting, and one in which a net magnetic moment emerges. Using first-principles calculations in the absence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC), we confirm these symmetry predictions. Furthermore, these results do not alter qualitatively in the presence of SOC. Finally, we reveal that the resulting spin currents give rise to a spin-splitter effect of up to 5\% under realistic strains of 1\%, confirming strain as a powerful tool for tuning altermagnetic properties.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2023

On the sign of the linear magnetoelectric coefficient in Cr$_2$O$_3$

We establish the sign of the linear magnetoelectric (ME) coefficient, $α$, in chromia, Cr$_2$O$_3$. Cr$_2$O$_3$ is the prototypical linear ME material, in which an electric (magnetic) field induces a linearly proportional magnetization (polarization), and a single magnetic domain can be selected by annealing in combined magnetic (H) and electric (E) fields. Opposite antiferromagnetic domains have opposite ME responses, and which antiferromagnetic domain corresponds to which sign of response has previously been unclear. We use density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the magnetic response of a single antiferromagnetic domain of Cr$_2$O$_3$ to an applied in-plane electric field at 0 K. We find that the domain with nearest neighbor magnetic moments oriented away from (towards) each other has a negative (positive) in-plane ME coefficient, $α_{\perp}$, at 0 K. We show that this sign is consistent with all other DFT calculations in the literature that specified the domain orientation, independent of the choice of DFT code or functional, the method used to apply the field, and whether the direct (magnetic field) or inverse (electric field) ME response was calculated. Next, we reanalyze our previously published spherical neutron polarimetry data to determine the antiferromagnetic domain produced by annealing in combined E and H fields oriented along the crystallographic symmetry axis at room temperature. We find that the antiferromagnetic domain with nearest-neighbor magnetic moments oriented away from (towards) each other is produced by annealing in (anti-)parallel E and H fields, corresponding to a positive (negative) axial ME coefficient, $α_{\parallel}$, at room temperature. Since $α_{\perp}$ at 0 K and $α_{\parallel}$ at room temperature are known to be of opposite sign, our computational and experimental results are consistent.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2023

Hidden orders and (anti-)Magnetoelectric Effects in Cr$_2$O$_3$ and $α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$

We present ab initio calculations of hidden magnetoelectric multipolar order in Cr$_2$O$_3$ and its iron-based analogue, $α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$. First, we discuss the connection between the order of such hidden multipoles and the linear magnetoelectric effect. Next, we show the presence of hidden antiferroically-ordered magnetoelectric multipoles in both the prototypical magnetoelectric material Cr$_2$O$_3$, and centrosymmetric $α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$, which has the same crystal structure as Cr$_2$O$_3$, but a different magnetic dipolar ordering. In turn, we predict anti-magnetoelectric effects, in which local magnetic dipole moments are induced in opposite directions under the application of an external electric field, to create an additional antiferromagnetic ordering. We confirm the predicted induced moments using first-principles calculations. Our results demonstrate the existence of hidden magnetoelectric multipoles leading to local linear magnetoelectric responses even in centrosymmetric materials, where a net bulk linear magnetoelectric effect is forbidden by symmetry.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2019

Tailoring Vanadium Dioxide Film Orientation using Nanosheets: A Combined Microscopy, Diffraction, Transport and Soft X-ray in Transmission Study

VO2 is a much-discussed material for oxide electronics and neuromorphic computing applications. Here, heteroepitaxy of vanadium dioxide (VO2) was realized on top of oxide nanosheets that cover either the amorphous silicon dioxide surfaces of Si substrates or X-ray transparent silicon nitride membranes. The out-of-plane orientation of the VO2 thin films was controlled at will between (011)M1/(110)R and (-402)M1/(002)R by coating the bulk substrates with Ti0.87O2 and NbWO6 nanosheets, respectively, prior to VO2 growth. Temperature dependent X-ray diffraction and automated crystal orientation mapping in microprobe TEM mode (ACOM-TEM) characterized the high phase purity, the crystallographic and orientational properties of the VO2 films. Transport measurements and soft X-ray absorption in transmission are used to probe the VO2 metal-insulator transition, showing results of a quality equal to those from epitaxial films on bulk single-crystal substrates. Successful local manipulation of two different VO2 orientations on a single substrate is demonstrated using VO2 grown on lithographically-patterned lines of Ti0.87O2 and NbWO6 nanosheets investigated by electron backscatter diffraction. Finally, the excellent suitability of these nanosheet-templated VO2 films for advanced lensless imaging of the metal-insulator transition using coherent soft X-rays is discussed.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗