arXiv subjects

Xiangwei Yin

Publications and source records attributed to Xiangwei Yin.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

The phenomenon of the axion kinetic misalignment with a generic PQ-breaking operator

We investigate the phenomenology induced by generic PQ-breaking operators within the axion kinetic misalignment framework. We analyze their impact on the relic density of axion dark matter (DM), the PQ quality problem, axion-mediated fifth-force, as well as Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) constraints. A nonzero initial axion velocity gives rise to brief periods of early matter domination and axion kinetic domination, leading to a nonstandard cosmological evolution. We compute the resulting gravitational wave (GW) signal from global cosmic strings and find that, because these nonstandard epochs are extremely short, the signal is highly suppressed and beyond the reach of existing experiments. Finally, we perform a parameter space scan, identify the regions and benchmark point that are consistent with all experimental constraints.

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arXiv2025

The nano-hertz and milli-hertz stochastic gravitational waves in the minimal clockwork axion model

The clockwork framework can realize TeV-scale $U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry breaking while generating a large axion decay constant $f_a$. We propose a minimal clockwork axion model with three scalar fields, in which two domain walls (DWs) have non-zero tension. The DW associated with one of the fields is formed following the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking and subsequently collapses due to the potential bias induced by the QCD instanton. The nano-hertz stochastic gravitational waves (GWs) generated from this DW annihilation can be probed by Pulsar Timing Arrays experiments. In addition, the DW related to the other field is annihilated by a bias potential originating from higher-dimensional operators, producing a significant GW signal with a peak frequency around $9.41\times10^{-5}$ Hz, which can be detected by the LISA, Taiji, and TianQin experiments. Constraints on the model from SN1987, dark matter overproduction, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, cosmic microwave background, and primordial black holes have been considered. The relic density of QCD axion dark matter can be explained through the misalignment mechanism.

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arXiv2024

Light right-handed Smuons at the LHC: Natural dark matter and $g_{\mu}-2$ in an unexplored realm of the pMSSM

We introduce an in-depth study of an unprobed pMSSM region offering a natural solution to dark matter. Since the 1980s this region has been referred to as the "bulk", consisting of sub 200 GeV neutralinos and right-handed smuons. The bulk satisfies recent muon $g_{\mu}-2$ measurements and sustains consistency with $all$ presently operating SUSY experiments and LHC constraints. Initial ingress into the bulk will arrive soon via the LUX-ZEPLIN 1000-day experiment. The ATLAS Collaboration at the LHC has confirmed that observation of these light right-handed smuon events can occur at the ongoing LHC Run 3 and forthcoming High-Luminosity LHC. Moreover, the future FCC-ee and CEPC circular colliders should handily observe the events.

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arXiv2024

The Right-Handed Slepton Bulk Region for Dark Matter in Generalized No-scale $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$ with Effective Super-Natural Supersymmetry

We propose Generalized No-Scale Supergravity, the simplest scenario for Effective Super-Natural Supersymmetry, naturally solving the supersymmetry electroweak fine-tuning problem and including natural dark matter. A light right-handed slepton bulk region is realized in $\mathcal{F}$-$SU(5)$ and the pMSSM. The bulk may be beyond the LHC reach, though can be probed at the 1000-day LUX-ZEPLIN, Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee) at CERN, Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC), and Hyper-Kamiokande.

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arXiv2023

The $Z$ resonance, inelastic dark matter, and new physics anomalies in the Simple Extension of the Standard Model (SESM) with general scalar potential

We consider the generic scalar potential with CP-violation, and study the $Z$ resonance and inelastic dark matter in the Simple Extension of the Standard Model (SESM), which can explain the dark matter as well as new physics anomalies such as the B physics anomalies and muon anomalous magnetic moment, etc. With the new scalar potential terms, we obtain the mass splittings for the real and imaginary parts of scalar fields. And thus we can have the DM co-annihilation process mediated by $Z$ boson, which couples exclusively to the CP-even and CP-odd parts of scalar fields. This is a brand new feature compared to the previous study. For the CP conserving case, we present the viable parameter space for the Higgs and $Z$ resonances, which can explain the B physics anomalies, muon anomalous magnetic moment, and dark matter relic density, as well as evade the constraint from the XENON1T direct detection simultaneously. For the CP-violating case, we consider the inelastic dark matter, and study four concrete scenarios for the inelastic DM-nucleon scatterings mediated by the Higgs and $Z$ bosons in details. Also, we present the benchmark points which satisfy the aforementioned constraints. Furthermore, we investigate the constraints from the dark matter-electron inelastic scattering processes mediated by the Higgs and $Z$ bosons in light of the XENONnT data. We show that the constraint on the $Z$ mediated process is weak, while the Higgs mediated process excludes the dark matter with mass around several MeV.

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arXiv2023

Boosting indirect detection of a secluded dark matter sector

Dark Matter (DM) residing in a secluded sector with suppressed portal interaction could evade direct detections and collider searches. The indirect detections provide the most robust probe to this scenario. Depending on the structure of the dark sector, novel DM annihilation spectra are possible. The dark shower is a common phenomenon for particles in the dark sector which take part in strong interactions and are boosted. In terms of simplified two-component DM models with vector portal interaction and pseudoscalar portal interaction, we study the dark showering effects for DM indirect detection. In those models, the heavier DM component which dominates the relic density annihilates into boosted lighter species. Together with the large coupling through which the lighter DM annihilates away in the early universe, the showered spectra provide as the smoking gun for the DM existence. Considering bounds obtained by the AMS-02 positron data and Fermi-LAT measurement of gamma-ray from the dwarf galaxies, we find the dark shower could open a new region of sensitivity that can not be probed before.

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arXiv2022

The Generic $U(1)_X$ Models Inspired from $SO(10)$

We propose the family universal $U(1)_X$ models with three right-handed neutrinos by choosing the $U(1)_X$ gauge symmetry as a linear combination of $U(1)_Y\times U(1)_χ$ of $SO(10)$. To be consistent with the quantum gravity effects, we introduced a Dirac fermion $χ$ as a dark matter candidate, which is odd under the gauged $Z_2$ symmetry after $U(1)_X$ breaking. The isospin violation dark matter with $f_n/f_p = -0.7$ can be realized naturally, and thus the LUX, PANDAX, and XENON1T experimental constraints can be evaded. Moreover, we study the masses and mixings for Higgs and gauge bosons, consider the LHC constraints on the $Z'$ mass, simulate various constraints from dark matter direct and indirect detection experiments, and then present the viable parameter spaces. To study the LHC $Z'$ mass bounds on the generic $U(1)_X$ models, we considered four kinds of scenarios, where scenario II with zero $U(1)_X$ charge for right-handed up-type quarks can relax the LHC $Z'$ mass bound a little bit.

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arXiv2022

Explanations of the Tentative New Physics Anomalies and Dark Matter in the Simple Extension of the Standard Model (SESM)

We revisit the Simple Extension of the Standard Model (SESM), which can account for various tentative new physics anomalies and dark matter. The B physics anomalies, muon anomalous magnetic moment, and dark matter can be explained already in SESM. In this work, we study the unitarity constraint on this model and comment the parameter space on the edge of unitarity bounds. Besides, the complete scalar potential is considered which is needed to address the $W$ boson anomaly and more dark matter (co-)annihilation processes are discussed. We perform a systematic study, and find the viable parameter space which can explain these anomalies and evade all the current experimental constraints.

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