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Xiao Xiong

Publications and source records attributed to Xiao Xiong.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

A Bayesian Robust Regression Method for Corrupted Data Reconstruction

Because of the widespread existence of noise and data corruption, recovering the true regression parameters with a certain proportion of corrupted response variables is an essential task. Methods to overcome this problem often involve robust least-squares regression, but few methods perform well when confronted with severe adaptive adversarial attacks. In many applications, prior knowledge is often available from historical data or engineering experience, and by incorporating prior information into a robust regression method, we develop an effective robust regression method that can resist adaptive adversarial attacks. First, we propose the novel TRIP (hard Thresholding approach to Robust regression with sImple Prior) algorithm, which improves the breakdown point when facing adaptive adversarial attacks. Then, to improve the robustness and reduce the estimation error caused by the inclusion of priors, we use the idea of Bayesian reweighting to construct the more robust BRHT (robust Bayesian Reweighting regression via Hard Thresholding) algorithm. We prove the theoretical convergence of the proposed algorithms under mild conditions, and extensive experiments show that under different types of dataset attacks, our algorithms outperform other benchmark ones. Finally, we apply our methods to a data-recovery problem in a real-world application involving a space solar array, demonstrating their good applicability.

cs.LG↗

New Designed Loss Functions to Solve Ordinary Differential Equations with Artificial Neural Network

This paper investigates the use of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to solve differential equations (DEs) and the construction of the loss function which meets both differential equation and its initial/boundary condition of a certain DE. In section 2, the loss function is generalized to $n^\text{th}$ order ordinary differential equation(ODE). Other methods of construction are examined in Section 3 and applied to three different models to assess their effectiveness.

cs.LG↗

Controlling plexcitonic strong coupling via multidimensional hotspot nanoengineering

Plexcitonic strong coupling has ushered in an era of room-temperature quantum electrodynamics that is achievable at the nanoscale, with potential applications ranging from high-precision single-molecule spectroscopy to quantum technologies functional under ambient conditions. Realizing these applications on an industrial scale requires scalable and mass-producible plasmonic cavities that provide ease of access and control for quantum emitters. Via a rational selection of substrates and the canonical gold bowtie nanoantenna, we propose a novel design strategy for multidimensional engineering of nanocavity antenna-mode hotspots, which facilitates their elevation to the top of the nanobowtie gap and provides a field enhancement of ~500 fold (a 1.6-fold increase compared to a conventional nanobowtie-on-glass cavity at the bottom of the nanobowtie gap). We discuss the formation mechanism for such antenna modes using different material substrates from the perspective of charge carrier motion, and analyze their sensitivity to the geometrical parameters of the device. The advantages of these antenna modes, particularly in view of their dominantly in-plane polarized near-fields, are further elaborated in a spatiotemporal study of plexcitonic strong coupling involving single emitters and layered ensembles thereof, which reveals ultrafast quantum dynamics dependent on both the substrate and nanobowtie geometry, as well as the potential for applications related to 2D materials whose excitonic dipoles are typically oriented in-plane. The conceptual discovery of this substrate-enabled antenna-mode nanoengineering could readily be extended to tailor hotspots in other plasmonic platforms, and we anticipate that this work could inspire a wide range of novel research directions from photoluminescence spectroscopy and sensing to the design of quantum logic gates and systems for long-range energy transfer.

physics.optics↗

Transverse mode-encoded quantum gate on a silicon photonic chip

As an important degree of freedom (DoF) in integrated photonic circuits, the orthogonal transverse mode provides a promising and flexible way to increasing communication capability, for both classical and quantum information processing. To construct large-scale on-chip multimode multi-DoF quantum systems, a transverse mode-encoded controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate is necessary. Here, through design and integrate transverse mode-dependent directional coupler and attenuators on a silicon photonic chip, we demonstrate the first multimode implementation of a two-qubit quantum gate. With the aid of state preparation and analysis parts, we show the ability of the gate to entangle two separated transverse mode qubits with an average fidelity of $0.89\pm0.02$ and the achievement of 10 standard deviations of violations in the quantum nonlocality verification. In addition, a fidelity of $0.82\pm0.01$ was obtained from quantum process tomography used to completely characterize the CNOT gate. Our work paves the way for universal transverse mode-encoded quantum operations and large-scale multimode multi-DoF quantum systems.

quant-ph↗

Suppressing Decoherence in Quantum Plasmonic Systems by Spectral Hole Burning Effect

Quantum plasmonic systems suffer from significant decoherence due to the intrinsically large dissipative and radiative dampings. Based on our quantum simulations via a quantum tensor network algorithm, we numerically demonstrate the mitigation of this restrictive drawback by hybridizing a plasmonic nanocavity with an emitter ensemble with inhomogeneously-broadened transition frequencies. By burning two narrow spectral holes in the spectral density of the emitter ensemble, the coherent time of Rabi oscillation for the hybrid system is increased tenfold. With the suppressed decoherence, we move one step further in bringing plasmonic systems into practical quantum applications.

quant-ph↗

Reconfigurable photon sources based on quantum plexcitonic systems

A single photon in a strongly nonlinear cavity is able to block the transmission of the second photon, thereby converting incident coherent light into anti-bunched light, which is known as photon blockade effect. On the other hand, photon anti-pairing, where only the entry of two photons is blocked and the emission of bunches of three or more photons is allowed, is based on an unconventional photon blockade mechanism due to destructive interference of two distinct excitation pathways. We propose quantum plexcitonic systems with moderate nonlinearity to generate both anti-bunched and anti-paired photons. The proposed plexitonic systems benefit from subwavelength field localizations that make quantum emitters spatially distinguishable, thus enabling a reconfigurable photon source between anti-bunched and anti-paired states via tailoring the energy bands. For a realistic nanoprism plexitonic system, two schemes of reconfiguration are suggested: (i) the chemical means by partially changing the type of the emitters; or (ii) the optical approach by rotating the polarization angle of the incident light to tune the coupling rate of the emitters. These results pave the way to realize reconfigurable nonclassical photon sources in a simple quantum plexcitonic platform with readily accessible experimental conditions.

quant-ph↗

Quantum differentiability on quantum tori

We provide a full characterisation of quantum differentiability (in the sense of Connes) on quantum tori. We also prove a quantum integration formula which differs substantially from the commutative case.

math.OA↗

Quantum differentiability on noncommutative Euclidean spaces

We study the topic of quantum differentiability on quantum Euclidean $d$-dimensional spaces (otherwise known as Moyal $d$-spaces), and we find conditions that are necessary and sufficient for the singular values of the quantised differential to have decay $O(n^{-α})$ for $0 < α\leq \frac{1}{d}$. This result is substantially more difficult than the analogous problems for Euclidean space and for quantum $d$-tori.

math.OA↗

Quantum Plasmonic Immunoassay Sensing

Plasmon-polaritons are among the most promising candidates for next generation optical sensors due to their ability to support extremely confined electromagnetic fields and empower strong coupling of light and matter. Here we propose quantum plasmonic immunoassay sensing as an innovative scheme, which embeds immunoassay sensing with recently demonstrated room temperature strong coupling in nanoplasmonic cavities. In our protocol, the antibody-antigen-antibody complex is chemically linked with a quantum emitter label. Placing the quantum-emitter enhanced antibody-antigen-antibody complexes inside or close to a nanoplasmonic (hemisphere dimer) cavity facilitates strong coupling between the plasmon-polaritons and the emitter label resulting in signature Rabi splitting. Through rigorous statistical analysis of multiple analytes randomly distributed on the substrate in extensive realistic computational experiments, we demonstrate a drastic enhancement of the sensitivity up to nearly 1500% compared to conventional shifting-type plasmonic sensors. Most importantly and in stark contrast to classical sensing, we achieve in the strong-coupling (quantum) sensing regime an enhanced sensitivity that is no longer dependent on the concentration of antibody-antigen-antibody complexes -- down to the single-analyte limit. The quantum plasmonic immunoassay scheme thus not only leads to the development of plasmonic bio-sensing for single molecules but also opens up new pathways towards room-temperature quantum sensing enabled by biomolecular inspired protocols linked with quantum nanoplasmonics.

physics.optics↗

A Gradient Tree Boosting based Approach to Rumor Detecting on Sina Weibo

Rumor detecting on microblogging platforms such as Sina Weibo is a crucial issue. Most existing rumor detecting algorithms require a lot of propagation data for model training, thus they do not have good detecting accuracy at the early stage after a rumor message is posted. In this paper, we propose to use gradient tree boosting (GTB) approach to rumor detecting, based on which a rumor detecting algorithm is developed. At the same time, the GTB-based approach makes it easy to conduct feature selection, and a feature selection algorithm is developed. Experiments on a widely used dataset of Sina Weibo show that the proposed detecting algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art detecting algorithms; moreover, it has the highest detecting accuracy at the early stage. This work seems to be the first to use GTB-based approach in rumor detecting, and the results suggest that it may be a promising one.

cs.SI↗

Mapping properties of operator-valued pseudo-differential operators

In this paper, we investigate the mapping properties of pseudo-differential operators with operator-valued symbols. Thanks to the smooth atomic decomposition of the operator-valued Triebel-Lizorkin spaces $F_1^{α,c}(\mathbb{R}^d,\mathcal{M})$ obtained in our previous paper, we establish the $F_1^{α,c}$-regularity of regular symbols for every $α\in \mathbb{R}$, and the $F_1^{α,c}$-regularity of forbidden symbols for $α>0$. As applications, we obtain the same results on the usual and quantum tori.

math.OA↗

Operator-valued Triebel-Lizorkin spaces

This paper is devoted to the study of operator-valued Triebel-Lizorkin spaces. We develop some Fourier multiplier theorems for square functions as our main tool, and then study the operator-valued Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on $\mathbb{R}^d$. As in the classical case, we connect these spaces with operator-valued local Hardy spaces via Bessel potentials. We show the lifting theorem, and get interpolation results for these spaces. We obtain Littlewood-Paley type, as well as the Lusin type square function characterizations in the general way. Finally, we establish smooth atomic decompositions for the operator-valued Triebel-Lizorkin spaces. These atomic decompositions play a key role in our recent study of mapping properties of pseudo-differential operators with operator-valued symbols.

math.OA↗

Operator-valued local Hardy spaces

This paper gives a systematic study of operator-valued local Hardy spaces. These spaces are localizations of the Hardy spaces defined by Tao Mei, and share many properties with Mei's Hardy spaces. We prove the ${\rm h}_1$-$\rm bmo$ duality, as well as the ${\rm h}_p$-${\rm h}_q$ duality for any conjugate pair $(p,q)$ when $1<p< \infty$. We show that ${\rm h}_1(\mathbb{R}^d, \mathcal M)$ and ${\rm bmo}(\mathbb{R}^d, \mathcal M)$ are also good endpoints of $L_p(L_\infty(\mathbb{R}^d) \overline{\otimes} \mathcal M)$ for interpolation. We obtain the local version of Calderón-Zygmund theory, and then deduce that the Poisson kernel in our definition of the local Hardy norms can be replaced by any reasonable test function. Finally, we establish the atomic decomposition of the local Hardy space ${\rm h}_1^c(\mathbb{R}^d,\mathcal M)$.

math.FA↗

Sobolev, Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on quantum tori

This paper gives a systematic study of Sobolev, Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces on a noncommutative $d$-torus $\mathbb{T}^d_θ$ (with $θ$ a skew symmetric real $d\times d$-matrix). These spaces share many properties with their classical counterparts. We prove, among other basic properties, the lifting theorem for all these spaces and a Poincaré type inequality for Sobolev spaces. We also show that the Sobolev space $W^k_\infty(\mathbb{T}^d_θ)$ coincides with the Lipschitz space of order $k$, already studied by Weaver in the case $k=1$. We establish the embedding inequalities of all these spaces, including the Besov and Sobolev embedding theorems. We obtain Littlewood-Paley type characterizations for Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces in a general way, as well as the concrete ones in terms of the Poisson, heat semigroups and differences. Some of them are new even in the commutative case, for instance, our Poisson semigroup characterizations improve the classical ones. As a consequence of the characterization of the Besov spaces by differences, we extend to the quantum setting the recent results of Bourgain-Brézis -Mironescu and Maz'ya-Shaposhnikova on the limits of Besov norms. The same characterization implies that the Besov space $B^α_{\infty,\infty}(\mathbb{T}^d_θ)$ for $α>0$ is the quantum analogue of the usual Zygmund class of order $α$. We investigate the interpolation of all these spaces, in particular, determine explicitly the K-functional of the couple $(L_p(\mathbb{T}^d_θ), \, W^k_p(\mathbb{T}^d_θ))$, which is the quantum analogue of a classical result due to Johnen and Scherer. Finally, we show that the completely bounded Fourier multipliers on all these spaces do not depend on the matrix $θ$, so coincide with those on the corresponding spaces on the usual $d$-torus.

math.OA↗

A new mechanism of long-term period variations for W UMa-type contact binaries

W UMa-type contact binaries belong to close binary systems whose components exactly overflow their Roche lobes and share a common convective envelope (CCE). In the last twenty years, the long-term variations of their orbital periods have been thought to depend on several mechanisms. Now, we suggest a new mechanism: CCE-dominated mechanism. The CCE-dominated mechanism is found based on our numerical result, especially at high mass ratios, that the orbital periods (P) of contact binaries change very much with their fill-out factors (f). Because f is taken as a measurement of the thickness of CCE, the physical cause for the variation of P is a mass transfer between CCE and components. Further, an f-dominated simplification model for this mechanism is introduced. According to it, P may change in a long-term oscillation way with a similar time scale of the thermal modulation, meanwhile q is decreasing slowly till the two components merge. It could be also applied to explain the presence of extremely short period, high mass ratio and deep contact binaries. Moreover, the CCE-dominated mechanism should always work due to mass transfer and mass loss both occurring via CCE. Therefor, the effect of CCE on the variations of orbital periods may have been underestimated before.

astro-ph.SR↗

Metasurface-assisted phase-matching-free second harmonic generation in lithium niobate waveguides

The phase-matching condition is a key aspect in nonlinear wavelength conversion processes, which requires the momenta of the photons involved in the processes to be conserved. Conventionally, nonlinear phase matching is achieved using either birefringent or periodically poled nonlinear crystals, which requires careful dispersion engineering and are usually narrowband. In recent years, metasurfaces consisting of densely packed arrays of optical antennas have been demonstrated to provide an effective optical momentum to bend light in arbitrary ways. Here, we demonstrate that gradient metasurface structures consisting of phased array antennas are able to circumvent the phase-matching requirement in on-chip nonlinear wavelength conversion. We experimentally demonstrate phase-matching-free second harmonic generation over many coherent lengths in thin film lithium niobate waveguides patterned with the gradient metasurfaces. Efficient second-harmonic generation (1660% W-1cm-2) in the metasurface-based devices was observed over a wide range of pump wavelengths (1580-1650 nm).

physics.optics↗

Near-field collection of fluorescence of quantum dots with a fiber-integrated multimode plasmonic probe

Strong light-matter interaction and high-efficiency optical collection of fluorescence from quantum emitters are crucial topics in quantum and nanophotonic fields. High-quality cavities, dispersive photonic crystal waveguides and even plasmonic structures have been used to enhance the interaction with quantum emitters, thus realize efficient collection of the fluorescence. In this work, a new method is proposed to collect the fluorescence of quantum dots (QDs) with a fiber-integrated multimode silver nanowire (AgNW) waveguide. Fluorescence lifetime measurement is performed to investigate the coupling between QDs and different plasmonic modes. Compared with far-field collection method, the AgNW-fiber probe can realize near-unity collection efficiency theoretically. This fiber-integrated plasmonic probe may be useful in the area of nanophotonics and also promising for quantum information devices.

physics.optics↗

Second harmonic generation in nano-structured thin-film lithium niobate waveguides

Integrated thin-film lithium niobate platform has recently emerged as a promising candidate for next-generation, high-efficiency wavelength conversion systems that allow dense packaging and mass-production. Here we demonstrate efficient, phase-matched second harmonic generation in lithographically-defined thin-film lithium niobate waveguides with sub-micron dimensions. Both modal phase matching in fixed-width waveguides and quasi-phase matching in periodically grooved waveguides are theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Our low-loss (~ 3.0 dB/cm) nanowaveguides possess normalized conversion efficiencies as high as 41% W-1cm-2.

physics.optics↗