arXiv subjects

Xiaoxiao Liang

Publications and source records attributed to Xiaoxiao Liang.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Direct Observation of X-ray Double-Slit Interference in Momentum Space

Young's double-slit experiment is conventionally deemed a spatial phenomenon emerging from free-space transport. In this Letter, we invert this perspective to demonstrate that Young's interference can be accessed directly as a pure momentum-space observable. Using a perfect-crystal diffraction to project the field's reciprocal-space profile immediately downstream of the aperture, we resolve the complete hard X-ray double-slit fringe structure without any propagation arm, focusing optics, or imaging detector. This direct capture of the field's invariant momentum marginal establishes a compact, lensless, and propagation-free approach to coherence diagnostics, proving that the fundamental physics of wave interference can be detached from real-space propagation.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2026

Interpretable Relational Inference with LLM-Guided Symbolic Dynamics Modeling

Inferring latent interaction structures from observed dynamics is a fundamental inverse problem in many-body interacting systems. Most neural approaches rely on black-box surrogates over trainable graphs, achieving accuracy at the expense of mechanistic interpretability. Symbolic regression offers explicit dynamical equations and stronger inductive biases, but typically assumes known topology and a fixed function library. We propose \textbf{COSINE} (\textbf{C}o-\textbf{O}ptimization of \textbf{S}ymbolic \textbf{I}nteractions and \textbf{N}etwork \textbf{E}dges), a differentiable framework that jointly discovers interaction graphs and sparse symbolic dynamics. To overcome the limitations of fixed symbolic libraries, COSINE further incorporates an outer-loop large language model that adaptively prunes and expands the hypothesis space using feedback from the inner optimization loop. Experiments on synthetic systems and large-scale real-world epidemic data demonstrate robust structural recovery and compact, mechanism-aligned dynamical expressions. Code: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/COSINE-6D43.

cs.LG↗

arXiv2025

Deterministic Frequency--Domain Inference of Network Topology and Hidden Components via Structure--Behavior Scaling

Hidden interactions and components in complex systems-ranging from covert actors in terrorist networks to unobserved brain regions and molecular regulators-often manifest only through indirect behavioral signals. Inferring the underlying network structure from such partial observations remains a fundamental challenge, particularly under nonlinear dynamics. We uncover a robust linear relationship between the spectral strength of a node's behavioral time series under evolutionary game dynamics and its structural degree, $S \propto k$, a structural-behavioral scaling that holds across network types and scales, revealing a universal correspondence between local connectivity and dynamic energy. Leveraging this insight, we develop a deterministic, frequency-domain inference framework based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) that reconstructs network topology directly from payoff sequences-without prior knowledge of the network or internal node strategies-by selectively perturbing node dynamics. The framework simultaneously localizes individual hidden nodes or identifies all edges connected to multiple hidden nodes, and estimates tight bounds on the number of hidden nodes. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world networks demonstrate that our method consistently outperforms state-of-the-art baselines in both topology reconstruction and hidden component detection. Moreover, it scales efficiently to large networks, offering robustness to stochastic fluctuations and overcoming the size limitations of existing techniques. Our work establishes a principled connection between local dynamic observables and global structural inference, enabling accurate topology recovery in complex systems with hidden elements.

cs.SI↗

arXiv2024

CAMO: Correlation-Aware Mask Optimization with Modulated Reinforcement Learning

Optical proximity correction (OPC) is a vital step to ensure printability in modern VLSI manufacturing. Various OPC approaches based on machine learning have been proposed to pursue performance and efficiency, which are typically data-driven and hardly involve any particular considerations of the OPC problem, leading to potential performance or efficiency bottlenecks. In this paper, we propose CAMO, a reinforcement learning-based OPC system that specifically integrates important principles of the OPC problem. CAMO explicitly involves the spatial correlation among the movements of neighboring segments and an OPC-inspired modulation for movement action selection. Experiments are conducted on both via layer patterns and metal layer patterns. The results demonstrate that CAMO outperforms state-of-the-art OPC engines from both academia and industry.

cs.CV↗

arXiv2022

RSCFed: Random Sampling Consensus Federated Semi-supervised Learning

Federated semi-supervised learning (FSSL) aims to derive a global model by training fully-labeled and fully-unlabeled clients or training partially labeled clients. The existing approaches work well when local clients have independent and identically distributed (IID) data but fail to generalize to a more practical FSSL setting, i.e., Non-IID setting. In this paper, we present a Random Sampling Consensus Federated learning, namely RSCFed, by considering the uneven reliability among models from fully-labeled clients, fully-unlabeled clients or partially labeled clients. Our key motivation is that given models with large deviations from either labeled clients or unlabeled clients, the consensus could be reached by performing random sub-sampling over clients. To achieve it, instead of directly aggregating local models, we first distill several sub-consensus models by random sub-sampling over clients and then aggregating the sub-consensus models to the global model. To enhance the robustness of sub-consensus models, we also develop a novel distance-reweighted model aggregation method. Experimental results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on three benchmarked datasets, including both natural and medical images. The code is available at https://github.com/XMed-Lab/RSCFed.

cs.CV↗