arXiv subjects

Xin-Yu Tuo

Publications and source records attributed to Xin-Yu Tuo.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

First Lattice QCD Determination of Lepton-Flavor-Universality Ratios in Light-Meson Leptonic Decays

The ratio of electronic to muonic leptonic decay widths, $R_{e/\mu}$, for the light mesons $\pi$ and $K$, provides a clean test of lepton flavor universality (LFU) and a sensitive probe of physics beyond the Standard Model. Its Standard-Model prediction is exceptionally precise, with the leading uncertainty associated with the structure-dependent (SD) radiative correction of $O(0.1\%)$. As experiments such as PIONEER and NA62 aim for unprecedented precision, this SD correction has become an essential ingredient in precision experiment--theory comparisons. We present the first lattice QCD$+$QED calculation of this SD correction at the physical pion mass and in the continuum limit. We employ the infinite-volume reconstruction (IVR) method with Coulomb-gauge photons, significantly reducing both statistical errors and finite-volume effects. We obtain the Standard-Model predictions, $R_{e/\mu}=1.23501(10)\times10^{-4}$ for $\pi$ and $R_{e/\mu}=2.47653(34)\times10^{-5}$ for $K$. Our results reduce the hadronic uncertainty in $R_{e/\mu}$, provide the most precise Standard-Model predictions to date, and establish first-principles benchmarks for future high-precision tests of LFU.

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arXiv2026

Isospin-breaking effects in inclusive hadronic $\tau$ data for the muon $(g-2)$ from first principles

The knowledge of isospin-breaking effects in hadronic $\tau$ decays is required for a high-precision determination of the Hadronic-Vacuum-Polarization contribution to $(g-2)_\mu$ from experimental $\tau$ data. In this work we present a strategy for their calculation in a fully inclusive setup from first-principles Lattice QCD+QED simulations. We separate radiative corrections in three infrared safe classes, which we study individually. We provide analytic expressions for their effects in the initial state and propose a strategy for final-state corrections directly in Euclidean space. We also examine the non-factorizable contributions and highlight the challenges associated with their analytic continuation from Euclidean to Minkowski space. By studying short-distance corrections in the context of momentum schemes, we provide a prescription for the renormalization of the individual terms at first order in the ispospin-breaking parameters.

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arXiv2025

Lattice Calculation of Light Meson Radiative Leptonic Decays

In this work, we perform a lattice QCD calculation of the branching ratios and the form factors of radiative leptonic decays $P \to \ell \nu_\ell \gamma$ ($P = \pi, K$) using $N_f=2+1$ domain wall fermion ensembles generated by the RBC and UKQCD collaborations at the physical pion mass. We adopt the infinite volume reconstruction (IVR) method, which extends lattice data to infinite volume and effectively controls the finite volume effects. This study represents a first step toward a complete calculation of radiative corrections to leptonic decays using the IVR method, including both real photon emissions and virtual photon loops. For decays involving a final state electron, collinear radiative corrections, enhanced by the large logarithmic factors such as $\ln(m_\pi^2/m_e^2)$ and $\ln(m_K^2/m_e^2)$, can reach the level of $O(10\%)$ and are essential at the current level of theoretical and experimental precision. After including these corrections, our result for $\pi \to e\nu_e\gamma$ agrees with the PIBETA measurement; for $K \to e\nu_e\gamma$, our results are consistent with the KLOE data and exhibit a $1.7\sigma$ tension with E36; and for $K \to \mu\nu_\mu\gamma$, where radiative corrections are negligible, our results confirm the previously observed discrepancies between lattice results and the ISTRA/OKA measurements at large photon energies, and with the E787 results at large muon photon angles.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2025

Lattice Calculation of Short-Range Contributions to Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay $\pi^-\to\pi^+ ee$ at Physical Pion Mass

Neutrinoless double-beta ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decays provide an excellent probe for determining whether neutrinos are Dirac or Majorana fermions. The short-range matrix elements associated with the $\pi^- \to \pi^+ ee$ process contribute at leading order in the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay channel $nn \to ppee$ through pion exchange between nucleons. However, current lattice calculations show notable discrepancies in predicting these short-range contributions. To address this issue, we perform a lattice QCD calculation of the $\pi^- \to \pi^+ ee$ matrix elements using domain wall fermion ensembles at the physical pion mass generated by the RBC and UKQCD Collaborations. To mitigate contamination from around-the-world effects, we develop a new method to reconstruct and subtract them directly from lattice data. We then perform a nonperturbative renormalization using the RI/SMOM scheme. Compared with previous studies, this work reduces the uncertainties in the matrix elements and provides an independent cross-check that helps to reconcile the discrepancies among previous lattice calculations.

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arXiv2024

Lattice calculation of the $\eta_c\eta_c$ and $J/\psi J/\psi$ s-wave scattering length

We calculate the s-wave scattering length in the $0^+$ sector of $\eta_c\eta_c$ and the $2^+$ sector of $J/\psi J/\psi$ using three $N_f=2$ twisted mass gauge ensembles with the lattice spacing $a=0.0667,0.085,0.098$ fm, respectively. The scattering lengths are extracted using the conventional L{\"u}scher finite size method. We observe sizable discretization effects and the results after a continuum extrapolation are $a^{0^+}_{\eta_c\eta_c}=-0.104(09)$ fm and $a^{2^+}_{J/\psi J/\psi}=-0.165(16)$ fm. The slight difference of light quark mass is ignored in this study. Our results indicate that the interaction between the two respective charmonia are repulsive in nature in both cases.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2024

Finite-volume formalism for physical processes with an electroweak loop integral

This study investigates finite-volume effects in physical processes that involve the combination of long-range hadronic matrix elements with electroweak loop integrals. We adopt the approach of implementing the electroweak part as the infinite-volume version, which is denoted as the EW$_\infty$ method in this work. A general approach is established for correcting finite-volume effects in cases where the hadronic intermediate states are dominated by either a single particle or two particles. For the single-particle case, this work derives the infinite volume reconstruction (IVR) method from a new perspective. For the two-particle case, we provide the correction formulas for power-law finite-volume effects and unphysical terms with exponentially divergent time dependence. The finite-volume formalism developed in this study has broad applications, including the QED corrections in various processes and the two-photon exchange contribution in $K_L\to\mu^+\mu^-$ or $\eta\to\mu^+\mu^-$ decays.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2024

First lattice QCD calculation of $J/\psi$ semileptonic decay containing $D$ and $D_s$ particles

We perform the first lattice calculation on the semileptonic decay of $J/\psi$ using the (2+1)-flavor Wilson-clover gauge ensembles generated by CLQCD collaboration. Three gauge ensembles with different lattice spacings, from 0.0519 fm to 0.1053 fm, and pion masses, $m_{\pi}\sim$ 300 MeV, are utilized. After a naive continuum extrapolation using three lattice spacings, we obtain $\operatorname{Br}(J/\psi\rightarrow D_s e\nu_e)=1.90(6)(5)_{V_{cs}}\times 10^{-10}$ and $\operatorname{Br}(J/\psi\rightarrow D e\nu_e)=1.21(6)(9)_{V_{cd}}\times 10^{-11}$, where the first errors are statistical, and the second come from the uncertainties of CKM matrix element $V_{cs(d)}$. The ratios of the branching fractions between lepton $\mu$ and $e$ are also calculated as $R_{J/\psi}(D_s)=0.97002(8)$ and $R_{J/\psi}(D)=0.97423(15)$ after performing a continuum limit including only $a^2$ term. The ratios provide necessary theoretical support for the future experimental test of lepton flavor universality.

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arXiv2022

Lattice QCD calculation of light sterile neutrino contribution in $0\nu2β$ decay

We present a lattice QCD study of the neutrinoless double beta decay involving light sterile neutrinos. The calculation is performed at physical pion mass using five gauge ensembles generated with the $2+1$-flavor domain wall fermions. We obtain the low-energy constants $g_{\text{LR}}^{ππ}(m_ν)$ with the neutrino mass $m_ν$ from $0$ GeV to $3$ GeV. The lattice results are reasonably consistent with the previous interpolation method with a $\sim20\%$ deviation at small $m_ν$. We provide an explanation on the discrepancy at vanishing neutrino mass. At large $m_ν$, a good consistence between our results and the previous lattice determination of $g_{4}^{ππ}(μ)$ is found at $μ=m_ν=3$ GeV.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2022

Lattice QCD calculation of $K\to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$ decay width

We develop a methodology for the computation of the $K\to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$ decay width using lattice QCD and present an exploratory study here. We use a scalar function method to account for the momentum dependence of the decay amplitude and adopt the infinite volume reconstruction method to reduce the systematic errors such as the temporal truncation effects and the finite-volume effects. We then perform a four-body phase-space integral to obtain the decay width. The only remaining technical problem is the possible power-law finite-volume effects associated with the process of $K\toππ\ellν_\ell\to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$, where the intermediate state involves multiple hadrons. In this work, we use a gauge ensemble of twisted mass fermion with a pion mass $m_π=352$ MeV and a nearly-physical kaon mass. At this kinematics, the $ππ$ in the intermediate state cannot be on shell simultaneously as $2m_π>m_K$ and the finite-volume effects associated with $ππ$ state are exponentially suppressed. Using the developed methods mentioned above, we calculate the branching ratios for four channels of $K\to \ellν_\ell\ell'^+ \ell'^-$, and obtain the results comparable to the experimental measurements and ChPT predictions. Our work demonstrates the capability of lattice QCD to improve Standard Model prediction in $K\to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$ decay width.

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arXiv2021

Approach to $K\to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$ decay width on lattice

Lattice QCD plays an increasing role in reducing theoretical uncertainties in kaon decays. Here we focus on kaon decay channels $K\to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$, which are closely related to radiative kaon decays since the lepton pairs $\ell'^+ \ell'^-$ come from virtual photon emission: $K\to \ellν_\ell γ^* \to \ellν_\ell \ell'^+ \ell'^-$. Compared with real photon emission, these channels involve more complicated form factors due to the off-shell photon with possible large momentum transfer, which causes a challenge to lattice-QCD studies. In this work, we introduce a lattice calculation procedure for their decay width, which can avoid parameterization of form factors. The systematic errors in our method are found to be controllable. Infinite volume reconstruction method is adopted to remove the temporal truncation effects and reduce finite volume effects from kaon intermediate state. This approach sets up a bridge between lattice QCD calculation and experimental measurement of decay width.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

Long-distance Contributions to Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay $π^- \toπ^+ e e$

Neutrinoless double beta decay, if detected, would prove that neutrinos are Majorana fermions and provide the direct evidence for lepton number violation. If such decay would exist in nature, then $π^-π^-\to ee$ and $π^-\toπ^+ ee$ (or equivalently $π^-e^+\toπ^+ e^-$) are the two simplest processes accessible via first-principle lattice QCD calculations. In this work, we calculate the long-distance contributions to the $π^-\toπ^+ee$ transition amplitude using four ensembles at the physical pion mass with various volumes and lattice spacings. We adopt the infinite-volume reconstruction method to control the finite-volume effects arising from the (almost) massless neutrino. Providing the lattice QCD inputs for chiral perturbation theory, we obtain the low energy constant $g_ν^{ππ}(m_ρ)=-10.89(28)_\text{stat}(74)_\text{sys}$, which is close to $g_ν^{ππ}(m_ρ)=-11.96(31)_\text{stat}$ determined from the crossed-channel $π^-π^-\to ee$ decay.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2019

Light-Neutrino Exchange and Long-Distance Contributions to $0\nu2β$ Decays: An Exploratory Study on $ππ\to ee$

We present an exploratory lattice QCD calculation of the neutrinoless double beta decay $ππ\to ee$. Under the mechanism of light-neutrino exchange, the decay amplitude involves significant long-distance contributions. The calculation reported here, with pion masses $m_π=420$ and 140 MeV, demonstrates that the decay amplitude can be computed from first principles using lattice methods. At unphysical and physical pion masses, we obtain that amplitudes are $24\%$ and $9\%$ smaller than the predication from leading order chiral perturbation theory. Our findings provide the lattice QCD inputs and constraints for effective field theory. A follow-on calculation with fully controlled systematic errors will be possible with adequate computational resources.

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