arXiv subjects

Xintie Yang

Publications and source records attributed to Xintie Yang.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2017

The principle of the mutual energy

Advanced potential solution of Maxwell equations isn't often accepted. We have proven if without advanced potential, it is not possible to satisfy the Maxwell equations. We also shown that it is not the Poynting vector related energy current transferring energy in the space and it is the mutual energy really did that. A important result of the mutual energy theorem is that the advanced potential can suck energy from the transmitter. This energy is equal to the energy received at the receiver. Hence a transmitter can not send any energy out without the receiver. For two remote objects, the energy is transferred only can by the mutual energy of a retarded potential from the source together with an advanced potential from the sink. If the sucked energy is discrete, the summation of mutual energy current of the infinite background atoms or currents, which can be seen as receivers, is a random process. This means that the photon energy sent by the transmitter is actually grabbed by the receiver. Hence the photon from very beginning knows their destination. This receiver send advanced potential to the transmitter. This explanation also avoided the wave function collapse. The retarded potential first reached the receiver, cause the current in the receiver, the current of receiver send a advanced potential to the transmitter with a reversed time, in the same time, a photon minus-time-instantly runs from receiver to transmitter. In our normal feeling, the photon is still runs from the transmitter to the receiver with a positive time. How to transfer superluminal signal using advanced potential is also discussed.Maxwell equations as principle of the theory of the electromagnetic fields is replaced by the mutual energy principle.

physics.class-ph↗

arXiv2016

The mutual energy current interpretation for quantum mechanics

Quantum physics has the probability interpretation. From the knowledge of light, we know that wave is always spread out, and hence the electron wave should also spread out. That means the electron wave beam should like the light wave beam become diverged from the source. When the electron is received by an atom we thought the wave collapse. The place to collapse is depends on the probability calculated from the square of absolute value of the wave function. The recent new discovery tell us that the light is not just wave, it is a combination of waves, retarded potential and advanced potential. These two potentials together produce the mutual energy current or referred as M-current. Another light energy current is P-current related to Poynting vector. We found P-current doesn't carry any energy for light. The contribution of P-current to energy transfer can be omitted. The light energy is transferred only by M-current. The beam of M-current doesn't like the beam of P-current which is diverged from the source, instead, the M-current beam first diverges from a source and then converged to a sink. Since the M-current at the place to be received is localized at one electron, the concept of wave function collapse is needless. The probability results of light is because that we have use P-current to roughly calculate the M-current. We thought if Schrödinger knew today's light theory, he would for sure also build his wave theory for quantum mechanics similar to the new light theory with M-current. Hence we claim that the M-current theory is not only suitable to the light but also can be applied to the quantum physics. This means all particles are M-current. The M-current is composed of not only the retarded wave, but also the advanced wave. M-current is an inner product of a retarded and an advanced waves.

physics.gen-ph↗

arXiv2015

Image Reconstruction Image reconstruction by using local inverse for full field of view

The iterative refinement method (IRM) has been very successfully applied in many different fields for examples the modern quantum chemical calculation and CT image reconstruction. It is proved that the refinement method can create an exact inverse from an approximate inverse with a few iterations. The IRM has been used in CT image reconstruction to lower the radiation dose. The IRM utilize the errors between the original measured data and the recalculated data to correct the reconstructed images. However if it is not smooth inside the object, there often is an over-correction along the boundary of the organs in the reconstructed images. The over-correction increase the noises especially on the edges inside the image. One solution to reduce the above mentioned noises is using some kind of filters. Filtering the noise before/after/between the image reconstruction processing. However filtering the noises also means reduce the resolution of the reconstructed images. The filtered image is often applied to the image automation for examples image segmentation or image registration but diagnosis. For diagnosis, doctor would prefer the original images without filtering process. In the time these authors of this manuscript did the work of interior image reconstruction with local inverse method, they noticed that the local inverse method does not only reduced the truncation artifacts but also reduced the artifacts and noise introduced from filtered back-projection method without truncation. This discovery lead them to develop the sub-regional iterative refinement (SIRM) image reconstruction method. The SIRM did good job to reduce the artifacts and noises in the reconstructed images. The SIRM divide the image to many small sub-regions. To each small sub-region the principle of local inverse method is applied.

physics.med-ph↗

arXiv2015

The modified Poynting theorem and the concept of mutual energy

The goal of this article is to derive the reciprocity theorem, mutual energy theorem from Poynting theorem instead of from Maxwell equation. The Poynting theorem is generalized to the modified Poynting theorem. In the modified Poynting theorem the electromagnetic field is superimposition of different electromagnetic fields including the retarded potential and advanced potential, time-offset field. The media epsilon (permittivity) and mu (permeability) can also be different in the different fields. The concept of mutual energy is introduced which is the difference between the total energy and self-energy. Mixed mutual energy theorem is derived. We derive the mutual energy from Fourier domain. We obtain the time-reversed mutual energy theorem and the mutual energy theorem. Then we derive the mutual energy theorem in time-domain. The instantaneous modified mutual energy theorem is derived. Applying time-offset transform and time integral to the instantaneous modified mutual energy theorem, the time-correlation modified mutual energy theorem is obtained. Assume there are two electromagnetic fields one is retarded potential and one is advanced potential, the convolution reciprocity theorem can be derived. Corresponding to the modified time-correlation mutual energy theorem and the time-convolution reciprocity theorem in Fourier domain, there is the modified mutual energy theorem and the Lorentz reciprocity theorem. Hence all mutual energy theorem and the reciprocity theorems are put in one frame of the concept of the mutual energy. 3 new Complementary theorems are derived. The inner product is introduced for two different electromagnetic fields in both time domain and Fourier domain for the application of the wave expansion.

physics.gen-ph↗