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Y. Aoki

Publications and source records attributed to Y. Aoki.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

$B\!\to\!D^{(*)}\ellν$ form factors from lattice QCD with relativistic heavy quarks

We report on our calculation of the B \to D^(*) \ell νform factors in 2+1 flavor lattice QCD. The Möbius domain-wall action is employed for light, strange, charm and bottom quarks. At lattice cutoffs 1/a \sim 2.4, 3.6 and 4.5 GeV, we simulate bottom quark masses up to 0.7/a to control discretization errors. The pion mass is as low as 230 MeV. We extrapolate the form factors to the continuum limit and physical quark masses, and make a comparison with recent phenomenological analyses.

hep-lat↗

Optical evidence of type-II Weyl semimetals MoTe$_2$ and WTe$_2$

The carrier dynamics and electronic structures of type-II Weyl semimetal candidates MoTe$_2$ and WTe$_2$ have been investigated by using temperature-dependent optical conductivity [$σ(ω)$] spectra. Two kinds of Drude peaks (narrow and broad) have been separately observed. The width of the broad Drude peak increases with elevating temperature above the Debye temperature of about 130 K in the same way as those of normal metals, on the other hand, the narrow Drude peak becomes visible below 80 K and the width is rapidly suppressed with decreasing temperature. Because the temperature dependence of the narrow Drude peak is similar to that of a type-I Weyl semimetal TaAs, it was concluded to originate from Dirac carriers of Weyl bands. The result suggests that the conductance has the contribution of two kinds of carriers, normal semimetallic and Dirac carriers, and this observation is an evidence of type-II Weyl semimetals of MoTe$_2$ and WTe$_2$. The obtained $σ(ω)$ spectra in the interband transition region can be explained by band structure calculations with a band renormalization owing to electron correlation.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Symmetries of spatial meson correlators in high temperature QCD

Based on a complete set of $J = 0$ and $J=1$ spatial isovector correlation functions calculated with $N_F = 2$ domain wall fermions we identify an intermediate temperature regime of $T \sim 220 - 500$ MeV ($1.2T_c$--$2.8T_c$), where chiral symmetry is restored but the correlators are not yet compatible with a simple free quark behavior. More specifically, in the temperature range $T \sim 220 - 500$ MeV we identify a multiplet structure of spatial correlators that suggests emergent $SU(2)_{CS}$ and $SU(4)$ symmetries, which are not symmetries of the free Dirac action. The symmetry breaking effects in this temperature range are less than 5%. Our results indicate that at these temperatures the chromo-magnetic interaction is suppressed and the elementary degrees of freedom are chirally symmetric quarks bound into color-singlet objects by the chromo-electric component of the gluon field. At temperatures between 500 and 660 MeV the emergent $SU(2)_{CS}$ and $SU(4)$ symmetries disappear and one observes a smooth transition to the regime above $T \sim 1$ GeV where only chiral symmetries survive, which are finally compatible with quasi-free quarks.

hep-lat↗

Measurement of the electron transmission rate of the gating foil for the TPC of the ILC experiment

We have developed a gating foil for the time projection chamber envisaged as a central tracker for the international linear collider experiment. It has a structure similar to the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) with a higher optical aperture ratio and functions as an ion gate without gas amplification. The transmission rate for electrons was measured in a counting mode for a wide range of the voltages applied across the foil using an $^{55}$Fe source and a laser in the absence of a magnetic field. The blocking power of the foil against positive ions was estimated from the electron transmissions.

physics.ins-det↗

Approximate degeneracy of $J=1$ spatial correlators in high temperature QCD

We study spatial isovector meson correlators in $N_f=2$ QCD with dynamical domain-wall fermions on $32^3\times 8$ lattices at temperatures $T=220-380$ MeV. We measure the correlators of spin-one ($J=1$) operators including vector, axial-vector, tensor and axial-tensor. Restoration of chiral $U(1)_A$ and $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$ symmetries of QCD implies degeneracies in vector--axial-vector ($SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R$) and tensor--axial-tensor ($U(1)_A$) pairs, which are indeed observed at temperatures above $T_c$. Moreover, we observe an approximate degeneracy of all $J=1$ correlators with increasing temperature. This approximate degeneracy suggests emergent $SU(2)_{CS}$ and $SU(4)$ symmeries at high temperatures, that mix left- and right-handed quarks.

hep-lat↗

Meson correlation functions at high temperature QCD: $SU(2)_{CS}$ symmetry vs. free quarks

We report on the progress of understanding spatial correlation functions in high temperature QCD. We study isovector meson operators in $N_f=2$ QCD using domain-wall fermions on lattices of $N_s=32$ and different quark masses. It has previously been found that at $\sim 2T_c$ these observables are not only chirally symmetric but in addition approximately $SU(2)_{CS}$ and $SU(4)$ symmetric. In this study we increase the temperature up to $5T_c$ and can identify convergence towards an asymptotically free scenario at very high temperatures.

hep-lat↗

Time Reversal Symmetry Breaking in the B Phase of the Heavy Fermion Superconductor PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$

We present polar Kerr effect measurements of the filled skutterudite superconductor PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$. Simultaneous AC susceptibility measurements allow us to observe the superconducting transition under the influence of heating from the optical beam. A nonzero Kerr angle $θ_K$ develops below the superconducting transition, saturating at $\sim 300$ nrad at low temperatures. This result is repeated across several measurements of multiple samples. By extrapolating the measured $θ_K(T)$ to zero optical power, we are able to show that the Kerr angle onset temperature in one set of measurements is consistent with the transition to the B phase at $T_{C2}$. We discuss the possible explanations for this result and its impact on the understanding of multi-phase and inhomogeneous superconductivity in PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Anisotropic two-gap superconductivity and the absence of a Pauli paramagnetic limit in single-crystalline LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$

Ambient-pressure-grown LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$ with a superconducting transition temperature $T_{c}\sim$3K possesses a highly anisotropic normal state. By a series of electrical resistivity measurements with a magnetic field direction varying between the crystalline $c$-axis and the $ab$-plane, we present the first datasets displaying the temperature dependence of the out-of-plane upper critical field $H_{c2}^{\perp}(T)$, the in-plane upper critical field $H_{c2}^{\parallel}(T)$, as well as the angular dependence of $H_{c2}$ at fixed temperatures for ambient-pressure-grown LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$ single crystals. The anisotropy of the superconductivity, $H_{c2}^{\parallel}/H_{c2}^{\perp}$, reaches $\sim$16 on approaching 0 K, but it decreases significantly near $T_{c}$. A pronounced upward curvature of $H_{c2}^{\parallel}(T)$ is observed near $T_{c}$, which we analyze using a two-gap model. Moreover, $H_{c2}^{\parallel}(0)$ is found to exceed the Pauli paramagnetic limit, which can be understood by considering the strong spin-orbit coupling associated with Bi as well as the breaking of the local inversion symmetry at the electronically active BiS$_2$ bilayers. Hence, LaO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$ with a centrosymmetric lattice structure is a unique platform to explore the physics associated with local parity violation in the bulk crystal.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Topological Susceptibility in $N_f=2$ QCD at Finite Temperature

We study the topological charge in $N_f=2$ QCD at finite temperature using Möbius domain-wall fermions. The susceptibility $χ_t$ of the topological charge defined either by the index of overlap Dirac operator or a gluonic operator is investigated at several values of temperature $T\ (>T_c)$ varying the quark mass. A strong suppression of the susceptibility is observed below a certain value of the quark mass. The relation with the restoration of $U_A(1)$ is discussed.

hep-lat↗

Atomic displacements and lattice distortion in the magnetic-field-induced charge ordered state of SmRu$_{4}$P$_{12}$

Structural properties of SmRu$_4$P$_{12}$ in the anomalous magnetic ordered phase between $T^*\sim 14 $ K and $T_{\text{N}}=16.5$ K in magnetic fields has been studied by x-ray diffraction. Atomic displacements of Ru and P, reflecting the field-induced charge order of the $p$ electrons, have been deduced by analyzing the intensities of the forbidden Bragg peaks, assuming a cubic space group $Pm\bar{3}$. Also, by utilizing high-resolution x-ray diffraction experiment, we observed a splitting of fundamental Bragg peaks, clarifying that the unit cell in the magnetic ordered phase is rhombohedral elongated along the $[1\, 1\, 1]$ axis. Responses of the rhombohedral domains to the magnetic field, which reflects the direction of the magnetic moment, is studied in detail.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Localized and mixed valence state of Ce $4f$ in superconducting and ferromagnetic CeO$_{1-x}$F$_{x}$BiS$_{2}$ revealed by x-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopy

We have performed Ce $L_3$-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and Ce $4d$-$4f$ resonant photoemission spectroscopy (PES) on single crystals of CeO$_{1-x}$F$_x$BiS$_2$ for $x=0.0$ and 0.5 in order to investigate the Ce $4f$ electronic states. In the Ce $L_3$-edge XAS, mixed valence of Ce was found in the $x=0.0$ sample and the F-doping suppresses it, which is consistent with the results on polycrystalline samples. As for the resonant PES, we found that the Ce $4f$ electrons in both $x=0.0$ and $0.5$ systems respectively form a flat band at 1.0 eV and 1.4 eV below the Fermi level and there is no contribution to the Fermi surfaces. Interestingly, Ce valence in CeOBiS$_2$ deviates from Ce$^{3+}$ even though Ce $4f$ electrons are localized, indicating the Ce valence is not in a typical valence fluctuation regime. We assume that localized Ce $4f$ in CeOBiS$_2$ is mixed with the unoccupied Bi $6p_z$, which is consistent with the previous local structural study. Based on the analysis of the Ce $L_3$-edge XAS spectra using Anderson's impurity model calculation, we found that the transfer integral becomes smaller increasing the number of Ce $4f$ electrons upon the F substitution for O.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Review of lattice results concerning low-energy particle physics

We review lattice results related to pion, kaon, D- and B-meson physics with the aim of making them easily accessible to the particle physics community. More specifically, we report on the determination of the light-quark masses, the form factor f+(0), arising in the semileptonic K -> pi transition at zero momentum transfer, as well as the decay constant ratio fK/fpi and its consequences for the CKM matrix elements Vus and Vud. Furthermore, we describe the results obtained on the lattice for some of the low-energy constants of SU(2)LxSU(2)R and SU(3)LxSU(3)R Chiral Perturbation Theory. We review the determination of the BK parameter of neutral kaon mixing as well as the additional four B parameters that arise in theories of physics beyond the Standard Model. The latter quantities are an addition compared to the previous review. For the heavy-quark sector, we provide results for mc and mb (also new compared to the previous review), as well as those for D- and B-meson decay constants, form factors, and mixing parameters. These are the heavy-quark quantities most relevant for the determination of CKM matrix elements and the global CKM unitarity-triangle fit. Finally, we review the status of lattice determinations of the strong coupling constant alpha_s.

hep-lat↗

Fermi surfaces and orbital polarization in superconducting CeO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_{2}$ revealed by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

We have investigated the electronic structure of BiS$_2$-based CeO$_{0.5}$F$_{0.5}$BiS$_2$ superconductor using polarization-dependent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), and succeeded in elucidating the orbital characters on the Fermi surfaces. In the rectangular Fermi pockets around X point, the straight portion parallel to the $k_y$ direction is dominated by Bi $6p_x$ character. The orbital polarization indicates the underlying quasi-one-dimensional electronic structure of the BiS$_2$ system. Moreover, distortions on tetragonally aligned Bi could give rise to the band Jahn-Teller effect.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Proton decay matrix elements on the lattice

Hadronic matrix elements of proton decay are essential ingredients to bridge the grand unification theory to low energy observables like proton lifetime. In this paper we non-perturbatively calculate the matrix elements, relevant for the process of a nucleon decaying into a pseudoscalar meson and an anti-lepton through generic baryon number violating four-fermi operators. Lattice QCD with 2+1 flavor dynamical domain-wall fermions with the {\it direct} method, which is direct measurement of matrix element from three-point function without chiral perturbation theory, are used for this study to have good control over the lattice discretization error, operator renormalization, and chiral extrapolation. The relevant form factors for possible transition process from an initial proton or neutron to a final pion or kaon induced by all types of three quark operators are obtained through three-point functions of (nucleon)-(three-quark operator)-(meson) with physical kinematics. In this study all the relevant systematic uncertainties of the form factors are taken into account for the first time, and the total error is found to be the range 30%-40% for $π$ and 20%-40% for $K$ final states.

hep-lat↗

Continuum Limit Physics from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD

We present physical results obtained from simulations using 2+1 flavors of domain wall quarks and the Iwasaki gauge action at two values of the lattice spacing $a$, ($a^{-1}$=\,1.73\,(3)\,GeV and $a^{-1}$=\,2.28\,(3)\,GeV). On the coarser lattice, with $24^3\times 64\times 16$ points, the analysis of ref.[1] is extended to approximately twice the number of configurations. The ensembles on the finer $32^3\times 64\times 16$ lattice are new. We explain how we use lattice data obtained at several values of the lattice spacing and for a range of quark masses in combined continuum-chiral fits in order to obtain results in the continuum limit and at physical quark masses. We implement this procedure at two lattice spacings, with unitary pion masses in the approximate range 290--420\,MeV (225--420\,MeV for partially quenched pions). We use the masses of the $π$ and $K$ mesons and the $Ω$ baryon to determine the physical quark masses and the values of the lattice spacing. While our data are consistent with the predictions of NLO SU(2) chiral perturbation theory, they are also consistent with a simple analytic ansatz leading to an inherent uncertainty in how best to perform the chiral extrapolation that we are reluctant to reduce with model-dependent assumptions about higher order corrections. Our main results include $f_π=124(2)_{\rm stat}(5)_{\rm syst}$\,MeV, $f_K/f_π=1.204(7)(25)$ where $f_K$ is the kaon decay constant, $m_s^{\bar{\textrm{MS}}}(2\,\textrm{GeV})=(96.2\pm 2.7)$\,MeV and $m_{ud}^{\bar{\textrm{MS}}}(2\,\textrm{GeV})=(3.59\pm 0.21)$\,MeV\, ($m_s/m_{ud}=26.8\pm 1.4$) where $m_s$ and $m_{ud}$ are the mass of the strange-quark and the average of the up and down quark masses respectively, $[Σ^{\msbar}(2 {\rm GeV})]^{1/3} = 256(6)\; {\rm MeV}$, where $Σ$ is the chiral condensate, the Sommer scale $r_0=0.487(9)$\,fm and $r_1=0.333(9)$\,fm.

hep-lat↗

Control of polymer gel surface pattern formation and its three dimensional measurement method

We report the controllability of a gelation surface pattern formation. Recently, we have found and studied a novel kind of pattern formation that occurs during a radical polymerization (gelation) process. The pattern formation is observed in an open top boundary of quasi two dimensional gelation. In previous studies, we have used two dimensional photo based image processing to analyze the patterns. However, the actual pattern is a three dimensional surface deformation. Thus we develop a three dimensional measurement system using a line laser displacement sensor and an automatic x-stage. Patterns measured by the system are analyzed and discussed by means of pattern controllability. In particular, we focus on the possibility of the pattern control using an external temperature field. As a result, we reveal that the global structure can be controlled, whereas the characteristic length scales (wavelength and amplitude) are not controllable.

nlin.PS↗

Suppression of time reversal symmetry breaking superconductivity in Pr(Os,Ru)_4Sb_12 and (Pr,La)Os_4Sb_12

Zero-field muon spin relaxation experiments have been carried out in the Pr(Os_{1-x}Ru_x)_4Sb_12 and Pr_{1-y}La_yOs_4Sb_12 alloy systems to investigate broken time-reversal symmetry (TRS) in the superconducting state, signaled by the onset of a spontaneous static local magnetic field B_s. In both alloy series B_s initially decreases linearly with solute concentration. Ru doping is considerably more efficient than La doping, with a ~50% faster initial decrease. The data suggest that broken TRS is suppressed for Ru concentration x >~ 0.6, but persists for essentially all La concentrations. Our data support a crystal-field excitonic Cooper pairing mechanism for TRS-breaking superconductivity.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Continuum Limit of $B_K$ from 2+1 Flavor Domain Wall QCD

We determine the neutral kaon mixing matrix element $B_K$ in the continuum limit with 2+1 flavors of domain wall fermions, using the Iwasaki gauge action at two different lattice spacings. These lattice fermions have near exact chiral symmetry and therefore avoid artificial lattice operator mixing. We introduce a significant improvement to the conventional NPR method in which the bare matrix elements are renormalized non-perturbatively in the RI-MOM scheme and are then converted into the MSbar scheme using continuum perturbation theory. In addition to RI-MOM, we introduce and implement four non-exceptional intermediate momentum schemes that suppress infrared non-perturbative uncertainties in the renormalization procedure. We compute the conversion factors relating the matrix elements in this family of RI-SMOM schemes and MSbar at one-loop order. Comparison of the results obtained using these different intermediate schemes allows for a more reliable estimate of the unknown higher-order contributions and hence for a correspondingly more robust estimate of the systematic error. We also apply a recently proposed approach in which twisted boundary conditions are used to control the Symanzik expansion for off-shell vertex functions leading to a better control of the renormalization in the continuum limit. We control chiral extrapolation errors by considering both the NLO SU(2) chiral effective theory, and an analytic mass expansion. We obtain $B_K^{\msbar}(3 GeV) = 0.529(5)_{stat}(15)_χ(2)_{FV}(11)_{NPR}$. This corresponds to $\hat{B}_K = 0.749(7)_{stat}(21)_χ(3)_{FV}(15)_{NPR}$. Adding all sources of error in quadrature we obtain $\hat{B}_K = 0.749(27)_{combined}$, with an overall combined error of 3.6%.

hep-lat↗