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Y. Choi

Publications and source records attributed to Y. Choi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

The DECADE cosmic shear project IV: cosmological constraints from 107 million galaxies across 5,400 deg$^2$ of the sky

We present cosmological constraints from the Dark Energy Camera All Data Everywhere (DECADE) cosmic shear analysis. This work uses shape measurements for 107 million galaxies measured through Dark Energy Camera (DECam) imaging of $5,\!412$ deg$^2$ of sky that is outside the Dark Energy Survey (DES) footprint. We derive constraints on the cosmological parameters $S_8 = 0.791^{+0.027}_{-0.032}$ and $Ω_{\rm m} =0.269^{+0.034}_{-0.050}$ for the $Λ$CDM model, which are consistent with those from other weak lensing surveys and from the cosmic microwave background. We combine our results with cosmic shear results from DES Y3 at the likelihood level, since the two datasets span independent areas on the sky. The combined measurements, which cover $\approx\! 10,\!000$ deg$^2$, prefer $S_8 = 0.791 \pm 0.023$ and $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.277^{+0.034}_{-0.046}$ under the $Λ$CDM model. These results are the culmination of a series of rigorous studies that characterize and validate the DECADE dataset and the associated analysis methodologies (Anbajagane et. al 2025a,b,c). Overall, the DECADE project demonstrates that the cosmic shear analysis methods employed in Stage-III weak lensing surveys can provide robust cosmological constraints for fairly inhomogeneous datasets. This opens the possibility of using data that have been previously categorized as ``unusable'' for cosmic shear analyses, thereby increasing the statistical power of upcoming weak lensing surveys.

astro-ph.CO↗

Search for a pentaquark state decaying into $pJ/ψ$ in $Υ(1,2S)$ inclusive decays at Belle

Using the data samples of 102 million $Υ(1S)$ and 158 million $Υ(2S)$ events collected by the Belle detector, we search for a pentaquark state in the $pJ/ψ$ final state from $Υ(1,2S)$ inclusive decays. Here, the charge-conjugate $\bar{p}J/ψ$ is included. We observe clear $pJ/ψ$ production in $Υ(1,2S)$ decays and measure the branching fractions to be $B[Υ(1S) \to pJ/ψ+ anything] = [8.1 \pm 0.6(stat.) \pm 0.5(syst.)] \times 10^{-5}$ and $B[Υ(2S) \to pJ/ψ+ anything] = [4.3 \pm 0.5(stat.) \pm 0.4(syst.)] \times 10^{-5}$. We also measure the cross section of inclusive $pJ/ψ$ production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation to be $σ(e^+e^- \to pJ/ψ+ anything) = [108 \pm 11 (stat.) \pm 6(syst.)]$~fb at $\sqrt{s} = 10.52~\hbox{GeV}$ using an 89.5~fb$^{-1}$ continuum data sample. There is no significant $P_c(4312)^+$, $P_c(4440)^+$ or $P_c(4457)^+$ signal found in the $pJ/ψ$ final states in $Υ(1,2S)$ inclusive decays. We determine the upper limits of $B[Υ(1,2S)\to P_c^{+} + anything] \cdot B(P_c^{+}\to pJ/ψ)$ to be at the $10^{-6}$ level.

hep-ex↗

Spectroscopic Analysis of Pictor II: a very low metallicity ultra-faint dwarf galaxy bound to the Large Magellanic Cloud

We present Magellan/IMACS and Magellan/MIKE spectroscopy of the ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) galaxy Pictor~II (Pic~II) that is located only 12 kpc from the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). From the IMACS spectroscopy, we identify 13 member stars and measure a mean heliocentric velocity of $326.9\pm1.1~{\rm km~s^{-1}}$, a velocity dispersion of $3.5_{-0.9}^{+1.1}~{\rm km~s^{-1}}$, a mean metallicity of $\overline{\rm [Fe/H]}=-2.99\pm0.06$, and an upper limit on the metallicity dispersion of $σ_{\rm [Fe/H]}<0.18$. We measure detailed elemental abundances for the brightest star, finding $\mbox{[Fe/H]} = -3.3$, high [$α$/Fe] ratios, and no detectable neutron capture elements, similar to stars in other UFDs. However, this star has an unusually high [Sc/Fe] ratio. The dynamical mass-to-light ratio ($M/L=760_{-420}^{+910}~M_{\odot}~L^{-1}_{\odot}$), size, and chemical abundances confirms that Pic~II is a dark matter-dominated dwarf galaxy. We perform detailed orbit modeling of Pic~II in a combined Milky Way (MW) and LMC potential and find that Pic~II is highly likely to be a long-term LMC satellite. Furthermore, we find that Pic II is likely still bound to the LMC today. Pic~II is the seventh LMC-associated UFD and among the most metal-poor UFDs known. We further update the morphological parameters with deeper Dark Energy Camera (DECam) photometry, compute the dark matter properties for dark matter indirect detection searches, verify the extremely low metallicity with narrowband CaHK imaging, and briefly discuss tidal influences of the LMC and MW.

astro-ph.GA↗

Study of $χ_{bJ}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$ at Belle

We report a study of the hadronic transitions $χ_{bJ}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$, with $ω\toπ^{+}π^{-}π^{0}$, using $28.2\times10^6~Υ(3S)$ mesons recorded by the Belle detector. We present the first evidence for the near--threshold transition $χ_{b0}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)$, the analog of the near-threshold charm sector decay $χ_{c1}(3872)\toωJ/ψ$, with a branching fraction of $\cal{B}\big(χ_{b0}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)\big) = \big(0.55\pm0.19\pm0.07\big)\%$. We also obtain branching fractions of $\cal{B}\big(χ_{b1}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)\big) = \big(2.39{}^{+0.20}_{-0.19}\pm0.24\big)\%$ and $\cal{B}\big(χ_{b2}(2P)\toωΥ(1S)\big) = \big(0.47{}^{+0.13}_{-0.12}\pm0.06\big)\%$, confirming the measurement of the $ω$ transitions of the $J=1,2~P$--wave states. The ratio for the $J=2$ to $J=1$ transitions is also measured and found to differ by 3.3 standard deviations from the expected value in the QCD multipole expansion.

hep-ex↗

Search for lepton-flavor-violating tau decays to $\ellα$ at Belle

We report a search for the lepton-flavor-violating decays $τ^{\pm}\to\ell^{\pm}α$~($\ell=e,μ$), where $α$ is an undetected spin-0 particle, such as an axion-like particle using $736\times10^{6}$ tau lepton pairs collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider. We find no evidence of signal and obtain the most stringent upper limits on the branching fractions at 95\% confidence level: $\mathcal{B}(τ^{\pm}\rightarrow e^{\pm}α)$ $<$ $(0.4$--$6.4)\times10^{-4}$ and $\mathcal{B}(τ^{\pm}\rightarrow μ^{\pm}α)$ $<$ $(0.2$--$3.5)\times10^{-4}$ at 95\% confidence level for an $α$ mass in the range $0.0\leq m_α\leq 1.6$~GeV/$c^{2}$.

hep-ex↗

Measurement of the Ratio of Partial Branching Fractions of Inclusive $\overline{B} \to X_u \ell \overlineν$ to $\overline{B} \to X_{c} \ell \overlineν$ and the Ratio of their Spectra with Hadronic Tagging

We present a measurement of the ratio of partial branching fractions of the semi-leptonic inclusive decays, $\overline{B} \to X_{u} \ell \overlineν$ to $\overline{B} \to X_{c} \ell \overlineν$, where $\ell = (e, μ)$, using the full Belle sample of $772 \times 10^{6}$ $B \kern 0.18em\overline{\kern -0.18em B}$ pairs collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance. The ratio is measured via a two-dimensional fit to the squared four-momentum transfer to the lepton pair, and the charged lepton energy in the $B$ meson rest frame, where the latter must be larger than $1$ Ge\kern -0.1em V, covering approximately $86\%$ and $78\%$ of the $\overline{B} \to X_{u} \ell \overlineν$ and $\overline{B} \to X_{c} \ell \overlineν$ phase space, respectively. We find $Δ\mathcal{B}(\overline{B} \to X_{u} \ell \overlineν)/ Δ\mathcal{B}(\overline{B} \to X_{c} \ell \overlineν) = (1.99 \pm 0.17_{\rm stat} \pm 0.16_{\rm syst}) \times 10^{-2}$ where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively. In addition, we report the partial branching fractions separately for charged and neutral $B$ meson decays, and for electron and muon decay channels. We place a limit on isospin breaking in $\overline{B} \to X_{u} \ell \overlineν$ decays, and find no indication of lepton flavor universality violation in either the charmed or charmless mode. Furthermore, we unfold the $\overline{B} \to X_{u} \ell \overlineν$ and $\overline{B} \to X_{c} \ell \overlineν$ yields and report the differential ratio in lepton energy and four-momentum transfer squared.

hep-ex↗

Production cross sections of light and charmed mesons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation near 10.58 GeV

We report measurements of production cross sections for $ρ^+$, $ρ^0$, $ω$, $K^{*+}$, $K^{*0}$, $ϕ$, $η$, $K_S^0$, $f_0(980)$, $D^+$, $D^0$, $D_s^+$, $D^{*+}$, $D^{*0}$, and $D^{*+}_s$ in $e^+e^-$ collisions at a center-of-mass energy near 10.58 GeV. The data were recorded by the Belle experiment, consisting of 571 fb$^{-1}$ at 10.58 GeV and 74 fb$^{-1}$ at 10.52 GeV. Production cross sections are extracted as a function of the fractional hadron momentum $x_p$ . The measurements are compared to {\sc pythia} Monte Carlo generator predictions with various fragmentation settings, including those that have increased fragmentation into vector mesons over pseudo-scalar mesons. The cross sections measured for light hadrons are consistent with no additional increase of vector over pseudo-scalar mesons. The charmed-meson cross sections are compared to earlier measurements -- when available -- including older Belle results, which they supersede. They are in agreement before application of an improved initial-state radiation correction procedure that causes slight changes in their \xp shapes.

hep-ex↗

Observation of $Ω(2012)^- \to Ξ(1530)\bar{K}$ and measurement of the effective couplings of $Ω(2012)^-$ to $Ξ(1530)\bar{K}$ and $Ξ\bar{K}$

Using $Υ(1S)$, $Υ(2S)$, and $Υ(3S)$ data collected by the Belle detector, we discover a new three-body decay, $Ω(2012)^-\toΞ(1530)\bar K\toΞπ\bar K$, with a significance of 5.2~$σ$. The mass of the $Ω(2012)^-$ is $(2012.5\pm0.7\pm0.5)$ MeV and its effective couplings to $Ξ(1530)\bar{K}$ and $Ξ\bar{K}$ are $(39^{+31}_{-39}\pm9)\times10^{-2}$ and $(1.7\pm0.3\pm0.3)\times10^{-2}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The ratio of the branching fraction for the three-body decay to that for the two-body decay to $Ξ\bar{K}$ is $0.99\pm0.26\pm0.06$, assuming isospin symmetry.

hep-ex↗

Search for $h_b(2P)\toγχ_{bJ}(1P)$ at $\sqrt{s} = 10.860$ GeV

In the bottomonium sector, the hindered magnetic dipole (M1) transitions between P-wave states $h_b(2P) \rightarrow χ_{bJ}(1P) γ$, $J=0, \, 1, \, 2$, are expected to be severely suppressed according to the Relativized Quark Model, due to the spin flip of the $b$ quark. Nevertheless, a recent model following the coupled-channel approach predicts the corresponding branching fractions to be enhanced by orders of magnitude. In this Letter, we report the first search for such transitions. We find no significant signals and set upper limits at 90% CL on the corresponding branching fractions: $\mathcal{B}[h_b(2P)\toγχ_{b0}(1P)] < 2.7 \times 10^{-1}$, $\mathcal{B}[h_b(2P)\toγχ_{b1}(1P)] < 5.4 \times 10^{-3}$ and $\mathcal{B}[h_b(2P)\toγχ_{b2}(1P)] < 1.3 \times 10^{-2}$. These values help to constrain the parameters of the coupled-channel models. The results are obtained using a $121.4 \, fb^{-1}$ data sample taken around $\sqrt{s}= 10.860 \, GeV$ with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider.

hep-ex↗

Discovery and Spectroscopic Confirmation of Aquarius III: A Low-Mass Milky Way Satellite Galaxy

We present the discovery of Aquarius III, an ultra-faint Milky Way satellite galaxy identified in the second data release of the DECam Local Volume Exploration (DELVE) survey. Based on deeper follow-up imaging with DECam, we find that Aquarius III is a low-luminosity ($M_V = -2.5^{+0.3}_{-0.5}$; $L_V = 850^{+380}_{-260} \ L_{\odot}$), extended ($r_{1/2} = 41^{+9}_{-8}$ pc) stellar system located in the outer halo ($D_{\odot} = 85 \pm 4$ kpc). From medium-resolution Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy, we identify 11 member stars and measure a mean heliocentric radial velocity of $v_{\rm sys} = -13.1^{+1.0}_{-0.9} \ \rm km \ s^{-1}$ for the system and place an upper limit of $σ_v < 3.5 \rm \ km \ s^{-1}$ ($σ_v < 1.6 \rm \ km \ s^{-1}$) on its velocity dispersion at the 95% (68%) credible level. Based on Calcium-Triplet-based metallicities of the six brightest red giant members, we find that Aquarius III is very metal-poor ([Fe/H]$ = -2.61 \pm 0.21$) with a statistically-significant metallicity spread ($σ_{\rm [Fe/H]} = 0.46^{+0.26}_{-0.14}$ dex). We interpret this metallicity spread as strong evidence that the system is a dwarf galaxy as opposed to a star cluster. Combining our velocity measurement with $Gaia$ proper motions, we find that Aquarius III is currently situated near its orbital pericenter in the outer halo ($r_{\rm peri} = 78 \pm 7$ kpc) and that it is plausibly on first infall onto the Milky Way. This orbital history likely precludes significant tidal disruption from the Galactic disk, notably unlike other satellites with comparably low velocity dispersion limits in the literature. Thus, if further velocity measurements confirm that its velocity dispersion is truly below $σ_v \lesssim 2 \rm \ km \ s^{-1}$, Aquarius III may serve as a useful laboratory for probing galaxy formation physics in low-mass halos.

astro-ph.GA↗

Angular analysis of $B \to K^* e^+ e^-$ in the low-$q^2$ region with new electron identification at Belle

We perform an angular analysis of the $B\to K^* e^+ e^-$ decay for the dielectron mass squared, $q^2$, range of $0.0008$ to $1.1200 ~\text{GeV}^2 /c^4$ using the full Belle data set in the $K^{*0} \to K^+ π^-$ and $K^{*+} \to K_S^0 π^+$ channels, incorporating new methods of electron identification to improve the statistical power of the data set. This analysis is sensitive to contributions from right-handed currents from physics beyond the Standard Model by constraining the Wilson coefficients $\mathcal{C}_7^{(\prime)}$. We perform a fit to the $B\to K^* e^+ e^-$ differential decay rate and measure the imaginary component of the transversality amplitude to be $A_T^{\rm Im} = -1.27 \pm 0.52 \pm 0.12$, and the $K^*$ transverse asymmetry to be $A_T^{(2)} = 0.52 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.11$, with $F_L$ and $A_T^{\rm Re}$ fixed to the Standard Model values. The resulting constraints on the value of $\mathcal{C}_7^{\prime}$ are consistent with the Standard Model within a $2σ$ confidence interval.

hep-ex↗

Search for Rare $b \to d\ell^+\ell^-$ Transitions at Belle

We present the results of a search for the $b \to d\ell^+\ell^-$ flavor-changing neutral-current rare decays $B^{+, 0} \to (η, ω, π^{+,0}, ρ^{+, 0}) e^+e^-$ and $B^{+, 0} \to (η, ω, π^{0}, ρ^{+}) μ^+μ^-$ using a $711$ fb$^{-1}$ data sample that contains $772 \times 10^{6}$ $B\overline{B}$ events. The data were collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We find no evidence for signal and set upper limits on branching fractions at the $90\%$ confidence level in the range $(3.8 - 47) \times 10^{-8}$ depending on the decay channel. The obtained limits are the world's best results. This is the first search for the channels $B^{+, 0} \to (ω, ρ^{+,0}) e^+e^-$ and $B^{+, 0} \to (ω, ρ^{+})μ^+μ^-$.

hep-ex↗

Photometric Redshifts Probability Density Estimation from Recurrent Neural Networks in the DECam Local Volume Exploration Survey Data Release 2

Photometric wide-field surveys are imaging the sky in unprecedented detail. These surveys face a significant challenge in efficiently estimating galactic photometric redshifts while accurately quantifying associated uncertainties. In this work, we address this challenge by exploring the estimation of Probability Density Functions (PDFs) for the photometric redshifts of galaxies across a vast area of 17,000 square degrees, encompassing objects with a median 5$σ$ point-source depth of $g$ = 24.3, $r$ = 23.9, $i$ = 23.5, and $z$ = 22.8 mag. Our approach uses deep learning, specifically integrating a Recurrent Neural Network architecture with a Mixture Density Network, to leverage magnitudes and colors as input features for constructing photometric redshift PDFs across the whole DECam Local Volume Exploration (DELVE) survey sky footprint. Subsequently, we rigorously evaluate the reliability and robustness of our estimation methodology, gauging its performance against other well-established machine learning methods to ensure the quality of our redshift estimations. Our best results constrain photometric redshifts with the bias of $-0.0013$, a scatter of $0.0293$, and an outlier fraction of $5.1\%$. These point estimates are accompanied by well-calibrated PDFs evaluated using diagnostic tools such as Probability Integral Transform and Odds distribution. We also address the problem of the accessibility of PDFs in terms of disk space storage and the time demand required to generate their corresponding parameters. We present a novel Autoencoder model that reduces the size of PDF parameter arrays to one-sixth of their original length, significantly decreasing the time required for PDF generation to one-eighth of the time needed when generating PDFs directly from the magnitudes.

astro-ph.IM↗

Determination of the CKM angle $ϕ_{3}$ from a combination of Belle and Belle II results

We report a determination of the CKM angle $ϕ_{3}$, also known as $γ$, from a combination of measurements using samples of up to 711~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle experiment and up to 362~fb$^{-1}$ from the Belle II experiment. We combine results from analyses of $B^+\to DK^+, B^+\to Dπ^+$, and $B^+ \to D^{*}K^+$ decays, where $D$ is an admixture of $D^0$ and $\overline{D}{}^{0}$ mesons, in a likelihood fit to obtain $ϕ_{3} = (78.6^{+7.2}_{-7.3})^{\circ}$. We also briefly discuss the interpretation of this result.

hep-ex↗

Search for charmed baryons in the $Λ_c^+η$ system and measurement of the branching fractions of $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$ decaying to $Λ_c^+η$ and $pD^0$ relative to $Σ_c(2455)π$

We search for excited charmed baryons in the $Λ_c^+η$ system using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 980 $\rm fb^{-1}$. The data were collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^{+}$$e^{-}$ asymmetric-energy collider. No significant signals are found in the $Λ_c^+η$ mass spectrum, including the known $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$. Clear $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$ signals are observed in the $pD^0$ mass spectrum. We set upper limits at 90\% credibility level on ratios of branching fractions of $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$ decaying to $Λ_c^+η$ relative to $Σ_c(2455)π$ of $<0.13$ for the $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $<1.11$ for the $Λ_c(2940)^+$. We measure ratios of branching fractions of $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$ decaying to $pD^0$ relative to $Σ_c(2455)π$ of $0.75 \pm 0.03(\text{stat.}) \pm 0.07(\text{syst.})$ for the $Λ_c(2880)^+$ and $3.59 \pm 0.21(\text{stat.}) \pm 0.56(\text{syst.})$ for the $Λ_c(2940)^+$.

hep-ex↗

Search for the decay $B_s^0\to J/ψπ^0$ at Belle experiment

We have analyzed 121.4 fb$^{-1}$ of data collected at the $Υ(5S)$ resonance by the Belle experiment using the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider to search for the decay $B_s^0\to J/ψπ^0$. We observe no signal and report an upper limit on the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B_s^0\to J/ψπ^0)$ of $1.21\times 10^{-5}$ at 90\% confidence level. This result is the most stringent, improving the previous bound by two orders of magnitude.

hep-ex↗

Evidence of $h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to Υ(\text{1S})η$ decay and search for $h_{b}(\text{1P,2P}) \to Υ(\text{1S})π^0$ with the Belle detector

We report the first evidence for the $h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to Υ(\text{1S})η$ transition with a significance of $3.5$ standard deviations. The decay branching fraction is measured to be $\mathcal{B}[h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to Υ(\text{1S})η]=(7.1 ~^{+3.7} _{-3.2}\pm 0.8)\times10^{-3}$, which is noticeably smaller than expected. We also set upper limits on $π^0$ transitions of $\mathcal{B}[h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to Υ(\text{1S})π^0] < 1.8\times10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}[h_{b}(\text{1P})\to Υ(\text{1S})π^0] < 1.8\times10^{-3}$, at the $90\%$ confidence level. These results are obtained with a $131.4$~fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected near the $Υ(\text{5S})$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider.

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Search for a heavy neutral lepton that mixes predominantly with the tau neutrino

We report a search for a heavy neutral lepton (HNL) that mixes predominantly with $ν_τ$. The search utilizes data collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. The data sample was collected at and just below the center-of-mass energies of the $Υ(4S)$ and $Υ(5S)$ resonances and has an integrated luminosity of $915~\textrm{fb}^{-1}$, corresponding to $(836\pm 12)\times 10^6$ $e^+e^\toτ^+τ^-$ events. We search for production of the HNL (denoted $N$) in the decay $τ^-\to π^- N$ followed by its decay via $N \to μ^+μ^- ν_τ$. The search focuses on the parameter-space region in which the HNL is long lived, so that the $μ^+μ^-$ originate from a common vertex that is significantly displaced from the collision point of the KEKB beams. Consistent with the expected background yield, one event is observed in the data sample after application of all the event-selection criteria. We report limits on the mixing parameter of the HNL with the $τ$ neutrino as a function of the HNL mass.

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