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Y. Itoh

Publications and source records attributed to Y. Itoh.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
arXiv2018

KAGRA: 2.5 Generation Interferometric Gravitational Wave Detector

The recent detections of gravitational waves (GWs) reported by LIGO/Virgo collaborations have made significant impact on physics and astronomy. A global network of GW detectors will play a key role to solve the unknown nature of the sources in coordinated observations with astronomical telescopes and detectors. Here we introduce KAGRA (former name LCGT; Large-scale Cryogenic Gravitational wave Telescope), a new GW detector with two 3-km baseline arms arranged in the shape of an "L", located inside the Mt. Ikenoyama, Kamioka, Gifu, Japan. KAGRA's design is similar to those of the second generations such as Advanced LIGO/Virgo, but it will be operating at the cryogenic temperature with sapphire mirrors. This low temperature feature is advantageous for improving the sensitivity around 100 Hz and is considered as an important feature for the third generation GW detector concept (e.g. Einstein Telescope of Europe or Cosmic Explorer of USA). Hence, KAGRA is often called as a 2.5 generation GW detector based on laser interferometry. The installation and commissioning of KAGRA is underway and its cryogenic systems have been successfully tested in May, 2018. KAGRA's first observation run is scheduled in late 2019, aiming to join the third observation run (O3) of the advanced LIGO/Virgo network. In this work, we describe a brief history of KAGRA and highlights of main feature. We also discuss the prospects of GW observation with KAGRA in the era of O3. When operating along with the existing GW detectors, KAGRA will be helpful to locate a GW source more accurately and to determine the source parameters with higher precision, providing information for follow-up observations of a GW trigger candidate.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2017

Cu hyperfine coupling constants of HgBa$_{2}$Ca$_{}$Cu$_{2}$O$_{6+δ}$

We estimated the ratios of $^{63}$Cu hyperfine coupling constants in the double-layer high-$T_\mathrm{c}$ superconductor HgBa$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{6+δ}$ from the anisotropies in Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates and spin Knight shifts to study the nature of the ultraslow fluctuations causing the $T_2$ anomaly in the Cu nuclear spin-echo decay. The ultraslow fluctuations may come from uniform magnetic fluctuations spread around the wave vector $q$ = 0, otherwise the electric origins.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2017

Construction of KAGRA: an Underground Gravitational Wave Observatory

Major construction and initial-phase operation of a second-generation gravitational-wave detector KAGRA has been completed. The entire 3-km detector is installed underground in a mine in order to be isolated from background seismic vibrations on the surface. This allows us to achieve a good sensitivity at low frequencies and high stability of the detector. Bare-bones equipment for the interferometer operation has been installed and the first test run was accomplished in March and April of 2016 with a rather simple configuration. The initial configuration of KAGRA is named {\it iKAGRA}. In this paper, we summarize the construction of KAGRA, including the study of the advantages and challenges of building an underground detector and the operation of the iKAGRA interferometer together with the geophysics interferometer that has been constructed in the same tunnel.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2017

Magnetic susceptibility of optimally doped HgBa$_{2}$CuO$_{4+δ}$

The magnitude of the powder spin susceptibility of an optimally doped superconductor HgBa$_2$CuO$_{4+δ}$ (Hg1201) in the normal state is found to be nearly the same as that of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$ near the optimally doped level. The Stoner enhancement factor of Hg1201 is larger than that of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$CuO$_{4}$. The magnitude correlation of the Stoner enhancement factor is inconsistent with the effect of the recent theoretical Coulomb repulsion between 3$d$ electrons and that of the superexchange intereraction of a charge transfer type.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2017

The status of KAGRA underground cryogenic gravitational wave telescope

KAGRA is a 3-km interferometric gravitational wave telescope located in the Kamioka mine in Japan. It is the first km-class gravitational wave telescope constructed underground to reduce seismic noise, and the first km-class telescope to use cryogenic cooling of test masses to reduce thermal noise. The construction of the infrastructure to house the interferometer in the tunnel, and the initial phase operation of the interferometer with a simple 3-km Michelson configuration have been completed. The first cryogenic operation is expected in 2018, and the observing runs with a full interferometer are expected in 2020s. The basic interferometer configuration and the current status of KAGRA are described.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2017

Ultraslow fluctuations in the pseudogap states of HgBa$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{6+d}$

We report the transverse relaxation rates 1/$T_2$'s of the $^{63}$Cu nuclear spin-echo envelope for double-layer high-$T_c$ cuprate superconductors HgBa$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{6+d}$ from underdoped to overdoped. The relaxation rate 1/$T_{2L}$ of the exponential function (Lorentzian component) shows a peak at 220$-$240 K in the underdoped ($T_c$ = 103 K) and the optimally doped ($T_c$ = 127 K) samples but no peak in the overdoped ($T_c$ = 93 K) sample. The enhancement in 1/$T_{2L}$ suggests development of the zero frequency components of local field fluctuations. Ultraslow fluctuations are hidden in the pseudogap states.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2016

Intrinsic Proton NMR Studies of Mg(OH)$_2$ and Ca(OH)$_2$

We studied the short proton free induction decay signals and the broad ^1H NMR spectra of Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2 powders at 77-355 K and 42 MHz using pulsed NMR techniques. Using a Gaussian-type back extrapolation procedure for the obscured data of the proton free induction decay signals, we obtained more precise values of the second moments of the Fourier-transformed broad NMR spectra than those in a previous report [Y. Itoh and M. Isobe, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 84, 113601 (2015)] and compared with the theoretical second moments. The decrease in the second moment could not account for the large decrease in the magnitude of the intrinsic proton spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T_1 from Mg(OH)2 to Ca(OH)2. The analysis of 1/T_1 $propto$ exp(-E_g/k_BT) with E_g~0.01 eV points to a local hopping mechanism, and that of 1/T_1 $propto$ T^n with n~0.5 points to an anharmonic rattling mechanism.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2016

Extrinsic Proton NMR Studies of Mg(OH)$_2$ and Ca(OH)$_2$

We studied narrow $^1$H NMR spectra of Mg(OH)$_2$ and Ca(OH)$_2$ powders at 100$-$355 K and 42$-$59 MHz using pulsed NMR techniques. The Fourier transformed NMR spectra of the proton free-induction signals show the superposition of broad and narrow components, which can be assigned to immobile protons and extrinsic mobile protons, respectively. We found that a narrow spectrum develops on heating above about $T_c$ = 260 K and widens above a Larmor frequency of about $f_c$ = 50 MHz for Mg(OH)$_2$. The temperature-induced NMR spectrum and the characteristic frequency $f_c$ of 50 MHz are the noteworthy features of the nuclear spin fluctuation spectra of the extrinsic protons.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗
arXiv2015

{23}Na nuclear spin-lattice relaxation studies of Na2Ni2TeO6

We report on {23}Na NMR studies of a honeycomb lattice antiferromagnet Na2Ni2TeO6 by {23}Na nuclear spin-echo techniques. The {23}Na nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/{23}T_1 exhibits critical divergence near a Neel temperature T_N = 26 K, a narrow critical region, and a critical exponent w = 0.34 in 1/{23}T_1 = a (T/T_N - 1)^{-w} for Na2Ni2TeO6, and T_N = 18 K for Na2(Ni{0.5}Cu{0.5})2TeO6. Although the uniform magnetic susceptibility of Na2Ni2TeO6 exhibits a broad maximum at 35 K characteristic of low dimensional spin systems, the NMR results indicate three dimensional critical phenomenon around the Neel temperature.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2015

Knight shift vs hole concentration in Hg1201 and Hg1212

We studied the hole concentration dependences of 63Cu Knight shifts in single-CuO2-layer high-Tc cuprate superconductors HgBa2CuO4+d and double-layer HgBa2CaCu2O6+d. We found that the spin Knight shift at room temperature as a function of the hole concentration in the single-layer superconductor is different from that in the double-layer superconductor. Two type relations between the spin Knight shift and the hole doping level serve to estimate the individual hole concentrations of the non-equivalent CuO2 planes in a unit cell.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2013

7Li NMR Studies of LiCrO2

We report on 7Li NMR studies of a spin S = 3/2 triangular lattice antiferromagnet LiCrO2 (Neel temperature TN = 62 K) in the paramagnetic state by using the free-induction decay of 7Li nuclear magnetization. We observed critical divergence of the 7Li nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 near TN, a narrow critical region, and a critical exponent w = 0.45 from a fit of 1/T1 $\propto$ (T/TN - 1)$^{-w}$. Although spin frustration effects have been explored for this system, the dynamical critical phenomena suggest that LiCrO2 in the critical region is a poor low dimensional antiferromagnetic system.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2013

Cu NQR and NMR Studies of Optimally Doped Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2

We report on Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) and NMR studies of an optimally hole-doped superconductor Ca2-xNaxCuO2Cl2 (Tc ~ 28 K for x ~ 0.2). In spite of robust oxygen composition, we observed a multiple broad NQR frequency spectrum and nonexponential Cu nuclear spin-lattice relaxation, being similar to those of La2-xSrxCuO4-d.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2012

The missing cavities in the SEEDS polarized scattered light images of transitional protoplanetary disks: a generic disk model

Transitional circumstellar disks around young stellar objects have a distinctive infrared deficit around 10 microns in their Spectral Energy Distributions (SED), recently measured by the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph (IRS), suggesting dust depletion in the inner regions. These disks have been confirmed to have giant central cavities by imaging of the submillimeter (sub-mm) continuum emission using the Submillimeter Array (SMA). However, the polarized near-infrared scattered light images for most objects in a systematic IRS/SMA cross sample, obtained by HiCIAO on the Subaru telescope, show no evidence for the cavity, in clear contrast with SMA and Spitzer observations. Radiative transfer modeling indicates that many of these scattered light images are consistent with a smooth spatial distribution for micron-sized grains, with little discontinuity in the surface density of the micron-sized grains at the cavity edge. Here we present a generic disk model that can simultaneously account for the general features in IRS, SMA, and Subaru observations. Particularly, the scattered light images for this model are computed, which agree with the general trend seen in Subaru data. Decoupling between the spatial distributions of the micron-sized dust and mm-sized dust inside the cavity is suggested by the model, which, if confirmed, necessitates a mechanism, such as dust filtration, for differentiating the small and big dust in the cavity clearing process. Our model also suggests an inwardly increasing gas-to-dust-ratio in the inner disk, and different spatial distributions for the small dust inside and outside the cavity, echoing the predictions in grain coagulation and growth models.

astro-ph.EP↗
arXiv2011

AKARI observations of ice absorption bands towards edge-on YSOs

To investigate the composition and evolution of circumstellar ice around low-mass YSOs, we observed ice absorption bands in the near infrared (NIR) towards eight YSOs ranging from class 0 to class II, among which seven are associated with edge-on disks. We performed slit-less spectroscopic observations using the grism mode of the Infrared Camera (IRC) on board AKARI, which enables us to obtain full NIR spectra from 2.5 $μ$m to 5 $μ$m. The spectra were fitted with polynomial baselines to derive the absorption spectra. The molecular absorption bands were then fitted with the laboratory database of ice absorption bands, considering the instrumental line profile and the spectral resolution of the grism dispersion element. Towards the class 0-I sources (L1527, IRC-L1041-2, and IRAS04302), absorption bands of H$_2$O, CO$_2$, CO, and XCN are clearly detected. Column density ratios of CO$_2$ ice and CO ice relative to H$_2$O ice are 21-28% and 13-46%, respectively. If XCN is OCN$^-$, its column density is as high as 2-6% relative to H$_2$O ice. The HDO ice feature at 4.1 $μ$m is tentatively detected towards the class 0-I sources and HV Tau. Non-detections of the CH-stretching mode features around 3.5 $μ$m provide upper limits to the CH$_3$OH abundance of 26% (L1527) and 42% (IRAS04302) relative to H$_2$O. We tentatively detect OCS ice absorption towards IRC-L1041-2. Towards class 0-I sources, the detected features should mostly originate in the cold envelope, while CO gas and OCN$^-$ could originate in the region close to the protostar, where there are warm temperatures and UV radiation. We detect H$_2$O ice band towards ASR41 and 2MASSJ1628137-243139, which are edge-on class II disks. We also detect H$_2$O ice and CO$_2$ ice towards HV Tau, HK Tau, and UY Aur, and tentatively detect CO gas features towards HK Tau and UY Aur.

astro-ph.SR↗
arXiv2011

The SPICA coronagraphic instrument (SCI) for the study of exoplanets

We present the SPICA Coronagraphic Instrument (SCI), which has been designed for a concentrated study of extra-solar planets (exoplanets). SPICA mission provides us with a unique opportunity to make high contrast observations because of its large telescope aperture, the simple pupil shape, and the capability for making infrared observations from space. The primary objectives for the SCI are the direct coronagraphic detection and spectroscopy of Jovian exoplanets in infrared, while the monitoring of transiting planets is another important target. The specification and an overview of the design of the instrument are shown. In the SCI, coronagraphic and non-coronagraphic modes are applicable for both an imaging and a spectroscopy. The core wavelength range and the goal contrast of the coronagraphic mode are 3.5--27$μ$m, and 10$^{-6}$, respectively. Two complemental designs of binary shaped pupil mask coronagraph are presented. The SCI has capability of simultaneous observations of one target using two channels, a short channel with an InSb detector and a long wavelength channel with a Si:As detector. We also give a report on the current progress in the development of key technologies for the SCI.

astro-ph.IM↗
arXiv2008

Critical Slowing Down of Triangular Lattice Spin-3/2 Heisenberg Antiferromagnet Li7RuO6 via 7Li NMR

We report 7Li NMR studies of single crystals of triangular-lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet Li7RuO6. Slow critical divergence with a wide critical region of |T/TN - 1|< 7 was observed in 7Li nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate. The slowing down of staggered spin fluctuations was analyzed in a renormalized classical region of a two-dimensional triangular-lattice non-linear sigma model. A spin stiffness constant was found to reduce to about 20 % from the value in a spin-wave approximation. The effect of spin frustration, e.g., Z2 vortex excitations on the critical phenomena is suggested.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2008

Equations of Motion in General Relativity of a Small Charged Black Hole

We present the details of a model in general relativity of a small charged black hole moving in an external gravitational and electromagnetic field. The importance of our model lies in the fact that we can derive the equations of motion of the black hole from the Einstein-Maxwell vacuum field equations without encountering infinities. The key assumptions which we base our results upon are that (a) the black hole is isolated and (b) near the black hole the wave fronts of the radiation generated by its motion are smoothly deformed spheres. The equations of motion which emerge fit the pattern of the original DeWitt and Brehme equations of motion (after they "renormalise"). Our calculations are carried out in a coordinate system in which the null hypersurface histories of the wave fronts can be specified in a simple way, with the result that we obtain a new explicit form, particular to our model, for the well-known "tail term" in the equations of motion.

gr-qc↗