arXiv subjects

Y. Sharf

Publications and source records attributed to Y. Sharf.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2002

Introduction to NMR Quantum Information Processing

After a general introduction to nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), we give the basics of implementing quantum algorithms. We describe how qubits are realized and controlled with RF pulses, their internal interactions, and gradient fields. A peculiarity of NMR is that the internal interactions (given by the internal Hamiltonian) are always on. We discuss how they can be effectively turned off with the help of a standard NMR method called ``refocusing''. Liquid state NMR experiments are done at room temperature, leading to an extremely mixed (that is, nearly random) initial state. Despite this high degree of randomness, it is possible to investigate QIP because the relaxation time (the time scale over which useful signal from a computation is lost) is sufficiently long. We explain how this feature leads to the crucial ability of simulating a pure (non-random) state by using ``pseudopure'' states. We discuss how the ``answer'' provided by a computation is obtained by measurement and how this measurement differs from the ideal, projective measurement of QIP. We then give implementations of some simple quantum algorithms with a typical experimental result. We conclude with a discussion of what we have learned from NMR QIP so far and what the prospects for future NMR QIP experiments are.

quant-ph↗

arXiv2000

NMR Based Quantum Information Processing: Achievements and Prospects

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) provides an experimental setting to explore physical implementations of quantum information processing (QIP). Here we introduce the basic background for understanding applications of NMR to QIP and explain their current successes, limitations and potential. NMR spectroscopy is well known for its wealth of diverse coherent manipulations of spin dynamics. Ideas and instrumentation from liquid state NMR spectroscopy have been used to experiment with QIP. This approach has carried the field to a complexity of about 10 qubits, a small number for quantum computation but large enough for observing and better understanding the complexity of the quantum world. While liquid state NMR is the only present-day technology about to reach this number of qubits, further increases in complexity will require new methods. We sketch one direction leading towards a scalable quantum computer using spin 1/2 particles. The next step of which is a solid state NMR-based QIP capable of reaching 10-30 qubits.

quant-ph↗

arXiv1999

Quantum simulation of a three-body interaction Hamiltonian on an NMR quantum computer

Extensions of average Hamiltonian theory to quantum computation permit the design of arbitrary Hamiltonians, allowing rotations throughout a large Hilbert space. In this way, the kinematics and dynamics of any quantum system may be simulated by a quantum computer. A basis mapping between the systems dictates the average Hamiltonian in the quantum computer needed to implement the desired Hamiltonian in the simulated system. The flexibility of the procedure is illustrated with NMR on 13-C labelled Alanine by creating the non-physical Hamiltonian ZZZ corresponding to a three body interaction.

quant-ph↗

arXiv1999

Observations of Quantum Dynamics by Solution-State NMR Spectroscopy

NMR is emerging as a valuable testbed for the investigation of foundational questions in quantum mechanics. The present paper outlines the preparation of a class of mixed states, called pseudo-pure states, that emulate pure quantum states in the highly mixed environment typically used to describe solution-state NMR samples. It also describes the NMR observation of spinor behavior in spin 1/2 nuclei, the simulation of wave function collapse using a magnetic field gradient, the creation of entangled (or Bell) pseudo-pure states, and a brief discussion of quantum computing logic gates, including the Quantum Fourier Transform. These experiments show that liquid-state NMR can be used to demonstrate quantum dynamics at a level suitable for laboratory exercises.

quant-ph↗