arXiv subjects

Yanjun Cao

Publications and source records attributed to Yanjun Cao.

42 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

arXiv2022

Bearing-based Relative Localization for Robotic Swarm with Partially Mutual Observations

Mutual localization provides a consensus of reference frame as an essential basis for cooperation in multirobot systems. Previous works have developed certifiable and robust solvers for relative transformation estimation between each pair of robots. However, recovering relative poses for robotic swarm with partially mutual observations is still an unexploited problem. In this paper, we present a complete algorithm for it with optimality, scalability and robustness. Firstly, we fuse all odometry and bearing measurements in a unified minimization problem among the Stiefel manifold. Furthermore, we relax the original non-convex problem into a semi-definite programming (SDP) problem with a strict tightness guarantee. Then, to hold the exactness in noised cases, we add a convex (linear) rank cost and apply a convex iteration algorithm. We compare our approach with local optimization methods on extensive simulations with different robot amounts under various noise levels to show our global optimality and scalability advantage. Finally, we conduct real-world experiments to show the practicality and robustness.

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arXiv2022

Certifiably Optimal Mutual Localization with Anonymous Bearing Measurements

Mutual localization is essential for coordination and cooperation in multi-robot systems. Previous works have tackled this problem by assuming available correspondences between measurements and received odometry estimations, which are difficult to acquire, especially for unified robot teams. Furthermore, most local optimization methods ask for initial guesses and are sensitive to their quality. In this paper, we present a certifiably optimal algorithm that uses only anonymous bearing measurements to formulate a novel mixed-integer quadratically constrained quadratic problem (MIQCQP). Then, we relax the original nonconvex problem into a semidefinite programming (SDP) problem and obtain a certifiably global optimum using with off-the-shelf solvers. As a result, our method can determine bearing-pose correspondences and furthermore recover the initial relative poses between robots under a certain condition. We compare the performance with local optimization methods on extensive simulations under different noise levels to show our advantage in global optimality and robustness. Real-world experiments are conducted to show the practicality and robustness.

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arXiv2021

Accurate position tracking with a single UWB anchor

Accurate localization and tracking are a fundamental requirement for robotic applications. Localization systems like GPS, optical tracking, simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) are used for daily life activities, research, and commercial applications. Ultra-wideband (UWB) technology provides another venue to accurately locate devices both indoors and outdoors. In this paper, we study a localization solution with a single UWB anchor, instead of the traditional multi-anchor setup. Besides the challenge of a single UWB ranging source, the only other sensor we require is a low-cost 9 DoF inertial measurement unit (IMU). Under such a configuration, we propose continuous monitoring of UWB range changes to estimate the robot speed when moving on a line. Combining speed estimation with orientation estimation from the IMU sensor, the system becomes temporally observable. We use an Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) to estimate the pose of a robot. With our solution, we can effectively correct the accumulated error and maintain accurate tracking of a moving robot.

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arXiv2020

VIR-SLAM: Visual, Inertial, and Ranging SLAM for single and multi-robot systems

Monocular cameras coupled with inertial measurements generally give high performance visual inertial odometry. However, drift can be significant with long trajectories, especially when the environment is visually challenging. In this paper, we propose a system that leverages ultra-wideband ranging with one static anchor placed in the environment to correct the accumulated error whenever the anchor is visible. We also use this setup for collaborative SLAM: different robots use mutual ranging (when available) and the common anchor to estimate the transformation between each other, facilitating map fusion Our system consists of two modules: a double layer ranging, visual, and inertial odometry for single robots, and a transformation estimation module for collaborative SLAM. We test our system on public datasets by simulating an ultra-wideband sensor as well as on real robots. Experiments show our method can outperform state-of-the-art visual-inertial odometry by more than 20%. For visually challenging environments, our method works even the visual-inertial odometry has significant drift Furthermore, we can compute the collaborative SLAM transformation matrix at almost no extra computation cost.

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arXiv2019

Decentralized Connectivity Control in Quadcopters: a Field Study of Communication Performance

Redundancy and parallelism make decentralized multi-robot systems appealing solutions for the exploration of extreme environments. However, effective cooperation often requires team-wide connectivity and a carefully designed communication strategy. Several recently proposed decentralized connectivity maintenance approaches exploit elegant algebraic results drawn from spectral graph theory. Yet, these proposals are rarely taken beyond simulations or laboratory implementations. In this work, we present two major contributions: (i) we describe the full-stack implementation---from hardware to software---of a decentralized control law for robust connectivity maintenance; and (ii) we assess, in the field, our setup's ability to correctly exchange all the necessary information required to maintain connectivity in a team of quadcopters.

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arXiv2019

Collaborative Localization and Tracking with Minimal Infrastructure

Localization and tracking are two very active areas of research for robotics, automation, and the Internet-of-Things. Accurate tracking for a large number of devices usually requires deployment of substantial infrastructure (infrared tracking systems, cameras, wireless antennas, etc.), which is not ideal for inaccessible or protected environments. This paper stems from the challenge posed such environments: cover a large number of units spread over a large number of small rooms, with minimal required localization infrastructure. The idea is to accurately track the position of handheld devices or mobile robots, without interfering with its architecture. Using Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) devices, we leveraged our expertise in distributed and collaborative robotic systems to develop an novel solution requiring a minimal number of fixed anchors. We discuss a strategy to share the UWB network together with an Extended Kalman filter derivation to collaboratively locate and track UWB-equipped devices, and show results from our experimental campaign tracking visitors in the Chambord castle in France.

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