arXiv subjects

Yaser Tavakoli

Publications and source records attributed to Yaser Tavakoli.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2015

Creation of particles in a cyclic universe driven by loop quantum cosmology

We consider an isotropic and homogeneous universe in loop quantum cosmology. We assume that the matter content of the universe is dominated by dust matter in early time and a phantom matter at late time which constitutes the dark energy component. The quantum gravity modifications to the Friedmann equation in this model indicate that the classical big bang singularity and the future big rip singularity are resolved and are replaced by quantum bounce. It turns out that the big bounce and recollapse in the herein model contribute to a cyclic scenario for the universe. We then study the quantum theory of a massive, non-minimally coupled scalar field undergoing cosmological evolution from primordial bounce towards the late time bounce. In particular, we solve the Klein-Gordon equation for the scalar field in the primordial and late time regions, in order to investigate particle production phenomena at late time. By computing the energy density of created particles at late time, we show that this density is negligible in comparison to the quantum background density at Planck era. This indicates that the effects of quantum particle production do not influence the future bounce.

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arXiv2015

Improved dynamics and gravitational collapse of tachyon field coupled with a barotropic fluid

We consider a spherically symmetric gravitational collapse of a tachyon field with an inverse square potential, which is coupled with a barotropic fluid. By employing an holonomy correction imported from loop quantum cosmology, we analyse the dynamics of the collapse within a semiclassical description. Using a dynamical system approach, we find that the stable fixed points given by the standard general relativistic setting turn into saddle points in the present context. This provides a new dynamics in contrast to the black hole and naked singularities solutions appearing in the classical model. Our results suggest that classical singularities can be avoided by quantum gravity effects and are replaced by a bounce. By a thorough numerical studies we show that, depending on the barotropic parameter $γ$, there exists a class of solutions corresponding to either a fluid or a tachyon dominated regimes. Furthermore, for the case $γ\sim 1$, we find an interesting tracking behaviour between the tachyon and the fluid leading to a dust-like collapse. In addition, we show that, there exists a threshold scale which determines when an outward energy flux emerges, as a non-singular black hole is forming, at the corresponding collapse final stages.

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arXiv2014

Astrophysical and cosmological doomsdays

In this dissertation we study two well known gravitational scenarios in which singularities may appear; the final state of gravitational collapse and the late time evolution of the universe. In the first scenario, we study a spherically symmetric space-time whose matter content includes a tachyon scalar field and a barotropic fluid. By employing a dynamical system analysis, we find classical solutions corresponding to a naked singularity or a black hole formation. We then investigate, in a semiclassical manner, loop quantum gravity induced effects on the fate of the classical singularities. By employing an inverse triad correction, we identify a subset which corresponds to an outward flux of energy, thus avoiding either a naked singularity or a black hole formation. Within a holonomy correction, we obtain the semiclassical counterpart of our (classical) general relativistic collapse in which, classical singularity is resolved and replaced by a bounce. In addition, we find a threshold scale for non-singular black hole formation. In the second scenario, we employ several models of dark energy to investigate the status of the late time cosmological singularities. In the first one we consider a DGP brane-world model with a GB term being provided for the bulk action; a phantom matter is present on the brane as dark energy component. It is shown that a combination of IR and UV modifications to general relativity replaces a big rip by a sudden singularity at late times. The second model we cosnider is the generalized running vacuum energy (GRVE) model. The Friedmann equation of the GRVE model looks much similar to the one of a holographic Ricci dark energy (HRDE) model. Despite the analogy between these two models, it turns out that one of them, a GRVE, is singularity-free in the future while the other, the HRDE, is not, which can hit, for example, a big rip singularity.

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arXiv2014

Semiclassical dynamics of horizons in spherically symmetric collapse

In this work, we consider a semiclassical description of the spherically symmetric gravitational collapse with a massless scalar field. In particular, we employ an effective scenario provided by holonomy corrections from loop quantum gravity, to the homogeneous interior spacetime. The singularity that would arise at the final stage of the corresponding classical collapse, is resolved in this context and is replaced by a bounce. Our main purpose is to investigate the evolution of trapped surfaces during this semiclassical collapse. Within this setting, we obtain a threshold radius for the collapsing shells in order to have horizons formation. In addition, we study the final state of the collapse by employing a suitable matching at the boundary shell from which quantum gravity effects are carried to the exterior geometry.

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arXiv2013

Dynamics of apparent horizons in quantum gravitational collapse

We study the gravitational collapse of a massless scalar field within the effective scenario of loop quantum gravity. Classical singularity is avoided and replaced by a quantum bounce in this model. It is shown that, quantum gravity effects predict a threshold scale below which no horizon can form as the collapse evolves towards the bounce.

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arXiv2013

Quantum field theory on LQC Bianchi spacetimes

Quantum theory of a scalar field is developed on the LQC Bianchi I space-time. By comparing the the quantum field theory for a single mode on classical and quantum background geometries we find that an effective Bianchi I space-time emerges. We show that by disregarding the back-reaction no Lorentz-violation is present, despite the effective metric being different than the classical Bianchi I one.

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arXiv2013

Gravitational collapse with tachyon field and barotropic fluid

A particular class of space-time, with a tachyon field, ϕ, and a barotropic fluid constituting the matter content, is considered herein as a model for gravitational collapse. For simplicity, the tachyon potential is assumed to be of inverse square form i.e., V(ϕ) \sim ϕ^{-2}. Our purpose, by making use of the specific kinematical features of the tachyon, which are rather different from a standard scalar field, is to establish the several types of asymptotic behavior that our matter content induces. Employing a dynamical system analysis, complemented by a thorough numerical study, we find classical solutions corresponding to a naked singularity or a black hole formation. In particular, there is a subset where the fluid and tachyon participate in an interesting tracking behaviour, depending sensitively on the initial conditions for the energy densities of the tachyon field and barotropic fluid. Two other classes of solutions are present, corresponding respectively, to either a tachyon or a barotropic fluid regime. Which of these emerges as dominant, will depend on the choice of the barotropic parameter, γ. Furthermore, these collapsing scenarios both have as final state the formation of a black hole.

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arXiv2012

Lorentz Symmetry in QFT on Quantum Bianchi I Space-Time

We develop the quantum theory of a scalar field on LQC Bianchi I geometry. In particular, we focus on single modes of the field: the evolution equation is derived from the quantum scalar constraint, and it is shown that the same equation can be obtained from QFT on an "classical" effective geometry. We investigate the dependence of this effective space-time on the wavevector of the mode (which could in principle generate a deformation in local Lorentz-symmetry), focusing our attention on the dispersion relation. We prove that when we disregard backreaction no Lorentz-violation is present, despite the effective metric being different than the classical Bianchi I one. A preliminary analysis of the correction due to inclusion of backreaction is briefly discussed in the context of Born-Oppenheimer approximation.

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arXiv2010

Appeasing the Phantom Menace?

An induced gravity brane-world model is considered herein. A Gauss-Bonnet term is provided for the bulk, whereas phantom matter is present on the brane. It is shown that a combination of infra-red and ultra-violet modifications to general relativity replaces a big rip singularity: A sudden singularity emerges instead. Using current observational data, we also determine a range of values for the cosmic time corresponding to the sudden singularity occurrence.

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