arXiv subjects

Yi Ching Chou

Publications and source records attributed to Yi Ching Chou.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Renewables Power the Orbit? Achieving Sustainable Space Edge Computing via QoS-Aware Offloading

Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO) satellite constellations are becoming integral to 6G infrastructure, but increasing in-orbit computation accelerates battery degradation and raises sustainability concerns. Meanwhile, renewable-heavy regions worldwide experience persistent energy curtailment due to transmission bottlenecks, leaving substantial clean energy stranded near generation sites. We identify a satellite-grid co-design opportunity: adaptively offloading task-critical data from satellite to data centers co-located with renewable power plants. However, realizing this vision requires jointly considering intermittent and capacity-limited communication windows, as well as time-varying electricity budgets. In this paper, we propose SQSO, a Sustainable and QoS-aware Satellite Offloading framework that models per-interval task offloading as a constrained optimization over dynamic topology and electricity prices. Under this framework, we design $\text{AO}^2$, an adaptive offloading orchestration algorithm to solve the formulated optimization problem. Using Starlink-scale simulations and real-world electricity price traces, $\text{AO}^2$ reduces energy consumption by up to 76.03% and battery life consumption by up to 76.85% compared to state-of-the-art schemes, while also lowering task delay. This work highlights that sustainable scaling of LEO constellations requires co-design of space networking and renewable energy infrastructure, while our solution promotes renewable-aware task offloading and cross-domain collaboration for space-energy integration in the 6G era.

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arXiv2026

OrbitTransit: Traffic Delivery and Diffusion for Earth Observation via Satellite Mobility

The emerging demand for Earth observation (EO) to address environmental challenges has driven unprecedented growth in its primary carrier, Low Earth Orbit satellites, in recent years. Ground stations (GSs), the egress points of these networks, are congested due to the massive volume of EO traffic, and their deployment is constrained by geographic, political, and budgetary factors. Although inter-satellite links (ISLs) can partially relieve this congestion by forwarding traffic to alternative GSs, existing ISL-based approaches can hardly address traffic contention caused by biased GS distribution and may also raise sustainability concerns due to prolonged ISL paths. In this paper, we propose OrbitTransit, a pickup-carry-offload (PCO) approach that leverages satellite mobility for data \textit{delivery} and integrates ISLs for traffic \textit{diffusion} to alleviate the resource contention inherent in PCO delivery. The proposed orbit-as-node framework and contention-avoidant delivery jointly determine the optimal hybrid PCO-ISL path, minimizing energy consumption and balancing GS traffic. Extensive experiments show that OrbitTransit reduces battery consumption by $47.16\%$, decreases task failures by $1.09\times$, and improves GS load balancing compared with state-of-the-art GS selection and routing algorithms.

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arXiv2026

Rethink Web Service Resilience in Space: A Radiation-Aware and Sustainable Transmission Solution

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks such as Starlink and Project Kuiper are increasingly integrated with cloud infrastructures, forming an important internet backbone for global web services. By extending connectivity to remote regions, oceans, and disaster zones, these networks enable reliable access to applications ranging from real-time WebRTC communication to emergency response portals. Yet the resilience of these web services is threatened by space radiation: it degrades hardware, drains batteries, and disrupts continuity, even if the space-cloud integrated providers use machine learning to analyze space weather and radiation data. Specifically, conventional fixes like altitude adjustments and thermal annealing consume energy; neglecting this energy use results in deep discharge and faster battery aging, whereas sleep modes risk abrupt web session interruptions. Efficient network-layer mitigation remains a critical gap. We propose RALT (Radiation-Aware LEO Transmission), a control-plane solution that dynamically reroutes traffic during radiation events, accounting for energy constraints to minimize battery degradation and sustain service performance. Our work shows that unlocking space-based web services' full potential for global reliable connectivity requires rethinking resilience through the lens of the space environment itself.

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arXiv2025

Robust Live Streaming over LEO Satellite Constellations: Measurement, Analysis, and Handover-Aware Adaptation

Live streaming has experienced significant growth recently. Yet this rise in popularity contrasts with the reality that a substantial segment of the global population still lacks Internet access. The emergence of Low Earth orbit Satellite Networks (LSNs), such as SpaceX's Starlink and Amazon's Project Kuiper, presents a promising solution to fill this gap. Nevertheless, our measurement study reveals that existing live streaming platforms may not be able to deliver a smooth viewing experience on LSNs due to frequent satellite handovers, which lead to frequent video rebuffering events. Current state-of-the-art learning-based Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) algorithms, even when trained on LSNs' network traces, fail to manage the abrupt network variations associated with satellite handovers effectively. To address these challenges, for the first time, we introduce Satellite-Aware Rate Adaptation (SARA), a versatile and lightweight middleware that can seamlessly integrate with various ABR algorithms to enhance the performance of live streaming over LSNs. SARA intelligently modulates video playback speed and furnishes ABR algorithms with insights derived from the distinctive network characteristics of LSNs, thereby aiding ABR algorithms in making informed bitrate selections and effectively minimizing rebuffering events that occur during satellite handovers. Our extensive evaluation shows that SARA can effectively reduce the rebuffering time by an average of $39.41\%$ and slightly improve latency by $0.65\%$ while only introducing an overall loss in bitrate by $0.13\%$.

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arXiv2025

BAROC: Concealing Packet Losses in LSNs with Bimodal Behavior Awareness for Livecast Ingestion

The advent of Low-Earth Orbit satellite networks (LSNs), exemplified by initiatives like \emph{Starlink}, \emph{OneWeb} and \emph{Kuiper}, has ushered in a new era of ``Internet from Space" global connectivity. Recent studies have shown that LSNs are capable of providing unprecedented download capacity and low latency to support Livecast viewing. However, Livecast ingestion still faces significant challenges, such as limited uplink capacity, bandwidth degradation, and the burst of packet loss due to frequent satellite reallocations, which cause previous recovery and adaptive solutions to be inferior under this new scenario. In this paper, we conduct an in-depth measurement study dedicated to understanding the implications of satellite reallocations, which reveals that the network status during reallocations with network anomalies exhibits a different distribution, leading to bimodal behaviors on the overall network performance. Motivated by this finding, we propose BAROC, a framework that can effectively conceal burst packet losses by combining a novel proposed MTP-Informer with bimodal behavior awareness during satellite reallocation. BAROC enhances video QoE on the server side by addressing the above challenges and jointly determining the optimal video encoding and recovery parameters. Our extensive evaluation shows that BAROC outperforms other video delivery recovery approaches, achieving an average PSNR improvement of $1.95$ dB and a maximum of $3.44$ dB, along with enhancements in frame rate and parity packet utilization. Additionally, a comprehensive ablation study is conducted to assess the effectiveness of MTP-Informer and components in BAROC.

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arXiv2025

Commercial Dishes Can Be My Ladder: Sustainable and Collaborative Data Offloading in LEO Satellite Networks

Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networks, characterized by their high data throughput and low latency, have gained significant interest from both industry and academia. Routing data efficiently within these networks is essential for maintaining a high quality of service. However, current routing strategies, such as bent-pipe and inter-satellite link (ISL) routing, have their unique challenges. The bent-pipe strategy requires a dense deployment of dedicated ground stations, while the ISL-based strategy can negatively impact satellite battery lifespan due to increased traffic load, leading to sustainability issues. In this paper, we propose sustainable collaborative offloading, a framework that orchestrates groups of existing commercial resources like ground stations and 5G base stations for data offloading. This orchestration enhances total capacity, overcoming the limitations of a single resource. We propose the collaborator group set construction algorithm to construct candidate groups and the collaborator selection and total payment algorithm to select offloading targets and determine payments no less than the costs. Extensive real-world-based simulations show that our solution significantly improves energy consumption, satellite service life, and end-to-end latency.

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arXiv2024

LEO Satellite Network Access in the Wild: Potentials, Experiences, and Challenges

In the past three years, working with the Pacific Salmon Foundation and various First Nations groups, we have established Starlink-empowered wild salmon monitoring sites in remote Northern British Columbia, Canada. We report our experiences with the network services in these challenging environments, including deep woods and deep valleys, that lack infrastructural support with some close to Starlink's service boundary at the far north. We assess the portability and mobility of the satellite dishes and the quality of existing network access in underdeveloped countries that Starlink expects to cover. Our experiences suggest that network access based on LEO satellite constellations holds promise but faces hurdles such as energy supply constraints and environmental factors like temperature, precipitation, and solar storms. The presence of wildlife and respecting local residents' culture and heritage pose further complications. We envision several technical solutions addressing the challenges and believe that further regulations will be necessary.

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arXiv2022

Network Characteristics of LEO Satellite Constellations: A Starlink-Based Measurement from End Users

Low Earth orbit Satellite Networks (LSNs) have been advocated as a key infrastructure for truly global coverage in the forthcoming 6G. This paper presents our initial measurement results and observations on the end-to-end network characteristics of Starlink, arguably the largest LSN constellation to date. Our findings confirm that LSNs are a promising solution towards ubiquitous Internet coverage over the Earth; yet, we also find that the users of Starlink experience much more dynamics in throughput and latency than terrestrial network users, and even frequent outages. Its user experiences are heavily affected by environmental factors such as terrain, solar storms, rain, clouds, and temperature, so is the power consumption. We further analyze Starlink's current bent-pipe relay strategy and its limits, particularly for cross-ocean routes. We have also explored its mobility and portability potentials, and extended our experiments from urban cities to wild remote areas that are facing distinct practical and cultural challenges.

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