arXiv subjects

Yi Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Yi Zhang.

At least 1,261 records · Page 70Linked to original sources

arXiv2014

Toward an efficient algorithm for deciding the vanishing of local cohomology modules in prime characteristic

Let $R=k[x_1,\dots,x_n]$ be a ring of polynomials over a field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$. There is an algorithm due to Lyubeznik for deciding the vanishing of local cohomology modules $H^i_I(R)$ where $I\subset R$ is an ideal. This algorithm has not been implemented because its complexity grows very rapidly with the growth of $p$ which makes it impractical. In this paper we produce a modification of this algorithm that consumes a modest amount of memory.

math.AC↗

arXiv2014

The 'Higgs' amplitude mode in weak ferromagnetic metals

Using Ferromagnetic Fermi liquid theory, Bedell and Blagoev derived the collective low-energy excitations of a weak ferromagnet. They obtained the well-known magnon (Nambu-Goldstone) mode and found a new gapped mode that was never studied in weak ferromagnetic metals. In this article we have identified this mode as the Higgs boson (amplitude mode) of a ferromagnetic metal. This is identified as the Higgs since it can be show that it corresponds to a fluctuation of the amplitude of the order parameter. We use this model to describe the itinerant-electron ferromagnetic material MnSi. By fitting the model with the existing experimental results, we calculate the dynamical structure function and see well-defined peaks contributed from the magnon and the Higgs. Our estimates of the relative intensity of the Higgs amplitude mode suggest that it can be seen in neutron scattering experiments on MnSi.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2014

Thermodynamical aspects of modified holographic dark energy model

We investigate the unified first law and the generalized second law in a modified holographic dark energy model. The thermodynamical analysis on the apparent horizon can work and the corresponding entropy formula is extracted from the systematic algorithm. The entropy correction term depends on the extra-dimension number of the brane as expected, but the interplay between the correction term and the extra dimensions is more complicated. With the unified first law of thermodynamics well-founded, the generalized second law of thermodynamics is discussed and it's found that the second law can be violated in certain circumstances. Particularly, if the number of the extra dimensions is larger than one, the generalized law of thermodynamics is always satisfied; otherwise, the validity of the second law can only be guaranteed with the Hubble radius greatly smaller than the crossover scale $r_c$ of the $5$-dimensional DGP model.

gr-qc↗

arXiv2014

Identifying non-Abelian topological ordered state and transition by momentum polarization

Using a method called momentum polarization, we study the quasiparticle topological spin and edge-state chiral central charge of non-Abelian topological ordered states described by Gutzwiller-projected wave functions. Our results verify that the fractional Chern insulator state obtained by Gutzwiller projection of two partons in bands of Chern number 2 is described by $SU(2)_2$ Chern-Simons theory coupled to fermions, rather than the pure $SU(2)_2$ Chern-Simons theory. In addition, by introducing an adiabatic deformation between one Chern number 2 band and two Chern number 1 bands, we show that the topological order in the Gutzwiller-projected state does not always agree with the expectation of topological field theory. Even if the parton mean-field state is adiabatically deformed, the Gutzwiller projection can introduce a topological phase transition between Abelian and non-Abelian topologically ordered states. Our approach applies to more general topologically ordered states described by Gutzwiller-projected wave functions.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2014

Higgs Inflation on Braneworld

We discuss a Higgs inflation model in the warped DGP braneworld background. It generates reasonable primordial perturbations. At the same time with enhanced non-minimal coupling it overcomes the severe problem in the Higgs inflation in 4 dimension, which says that the effective field theory become invalid at an energy scale far below the energy scale for inflation exit. Furthermore we present the constraints for the parameters confront to PLANCK and related observations. PLANCK low-l data almost fixes the inflation energy scale in this Higgs inflation model with specific brane parameters.

hep-th↗

arXiv2014

Hodge Bundles on Smooth Compactifications of Siegel Varieties and Applications

We study Hodge bundles on Siegel varieties and their various extensions to smooth toroidal compactifications. Precisely, we construct a canonical Hodge bundle on an arbitrary Siegel variety so that the holomorphic tangent bundle can be embedded into the Hodge bundle, and we observe that the Bergman metric on the Siegel variety is compatible with the induced Hodge metric. Therefore we obtain the asymptotic estimate of the Bergman metric explicitly. Depending on these properties and the uniformitarian of Kähler-Einstein manifold, we study extensions of the tangent bundle over any smooth toroidal compactification. We also apply this result, together with Siegel cusp modular forms, to study general type for Siegel varieties.

math.AG↗

arXiv2014

The Geometry on Smooth Toroidal Compactifications of Siegel varieties

This is a part of our joint program. The purpose of this paper is to study smooth toroidal compactifications of Siegel varieties and their applications, we also try to understand the Kähler-Einstein metrics on Siegel varieties through the compactifications. Let $A_{g,Γ}:=H_g/Γ$ be a Siegel variety, where $H_g$ is the genus-$g$ Siegel space and $Γ$ is an arithmetic subgroup in $Aut(H_g)$. There are four aspects of this paper : 1.There is a correspondence between the category of degenerations of Abelian varieties and the category of limits of weight one Hodge structures. We show that any cusp of Siegel space $\frak{H}_g$ can be identified with the set of certain weight one polarized mixed Hodge structures. 2.In general, the boundary of a smooth toroidal compactification $\bar{A}_{g,Γ}$ of $A_{g,Γ}$ has self-intersections.For most geometric applications, we would like to have a nice toroidal compactification such that the added infinity boundary $D_\infty =\bar{A}_{g,Γ}-A_{g,Γ}$ is a normal crossing divisor, We actually obtain a sufficient and necessary combinatorial condition for toroidal compactifications. 3. A toroidal compactification $\bar{A}_{g,Γ}$ of is totally determined by a combinatorial condition : an admissible family of polyhedral decompositions of certain positive cones. We show that the unique Kähler-Einstein metric on $A_{g,Γ}$ endows some restraint combinatorial conditions for all toroidal smooth compactifications of $A_{g,Γ}.$ 4.We study the asymptotic behaviour of logarithmical canonical line bundles on smooth toroidal compactifications of $A_{g,Γ}$ and get an integral formula for intersection numbers.

math.AG↗

arXiv2014

Proton irradiation effect on SCDs

The Low Energy X-ray Telescope is a main payload on the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope satellite. The swept charge device is selected for the Low Energy X-ray Telescope. As swept charge devices are sensitive to proton irradiation, irradiation test was carried out on the HI-13 accelerator at the China Institute of Atomic Energy. The beam energy was measured to be 10 MeV at the SCD. The proton fluence delivered to the SCD was $3\times10^{8}\mathrm{protons}/\mathrm{cm}^{2}$ over two hours. It is concluded that the proton irradiation affects both the dark current and the charge transfer inefficiency of the SCD through comparing the performance both before and after the irradiation. The energy resolution of the proton-irradiated SCD is 212 eV@5.9 keV at $-60\,^{\circ}\mathrm{C}$, while it before irradiated is 134 eV. Moreover, better performance can be reached by lowering the operating temperature of the SCD on orbit.

physics.ins-det↗

arXiv2014

One-dimensional helical transport in topological insulator nanowire interferometers

The discovery of three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators opens a gateway to generate unusual phases and particles made of the helical surface electrons, proposing new applications using unusual spin nature. Demonstration of the helical electron transport is a crucial step to both physics and device applications of topological insulators. Topological insulator nanowires, of which spin-textured surface electrons form 1D band manipulated by enclosed magnetic flux, offer a unique nanoscale platform to realize quantum transport of spin-momentum locking nature. Here, we report an observation of a topologically protected 1D mode of surface electrons in topological insulator nanowires existing at only two values of half magnetic quantum flux ($\pm$h/2e) due to a spin Berry's phase ($π$). The helical 1D mode is robust against disorder but fragile against a perpendicular magnetic field breaking time-reversal-symmetry. This result demonstrates a device with robust and easily accessible 1D helical electronic states from 3D topological insulators, a unique nanoscale electronic system to study topological phenomena.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

arXiv2014

Average optimality for continuous-time Markov decision processes under weak continuity conditions

This article considers the average optimality for a continuous-time Markov decision process with Borel state and action spaces and an arbitrarily unbounded nonnegative cost rate. The existence of a deterministic stationary optimal policy is proved under a different and general set of conditions as compared to the previous literature; the controlled process can be explosive, the transition rates can be arbitrarily unbounded and are weakly continuous, the multifunction defining the admissible action spaces can be neither compact-valued nor upper semi-continuous, and the cost rate is not necessarily inf-compact.

math.OC↗

arXiv2014

A new proof of a theorem of Petersen

Let $M$ be an $n$-dimensional complete Riemannian manifold with Ricci curvature $\ge n-1$. In \cite{colding1, colding2}, Tobias Colding, by developing some new techniques, proved that the following three condtions: 1) $d_{GH}(M, S^n)\to 0$; 2) the volume of $M$ ${\text{Vol}}(M)\to{\text{Vol}}(S^n)$; 3) the radius of $M$ ${\text{rad}}(M)\toπ$ are equivalent. In \cite{peter}, Peter Petersen, by developing a different technique, gave the 4-th equivalent condition, namely he proved that the $n+1$-th eigenvalue of $M$ $λ_{n+1}(M)\to n$ is also equivalent to the radius of $M$ ${\text{rad}}(M)\toπ$, and hence the other two. In this note, we give a new proof of Petersen's theorem by utilizing Colding's techniques.

math.DG↗

arXiv2014

Direct observation of the transition from indirect to direct bandgap in atomically thin epitaxial MoSe2

Quantum systems in confined geometries are host to novel physical phenomena. Examples include quantum Hall systems in semiconductors and Dirac electrons in graphene. Interest in such systems has also been intensified by the recent discovery of a large enhancement in photoluminescence quantum efficiency and a potential route to valleytronics in atomically thin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides, MX2 (M = Mo, W; X = S, Se, Te), which are closely related to the indirect to direct bandgap transition in monolayers. Here, we report the first direct observation of the transition from indirect to direct bandgap in monolayer samples by using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy on high-quality thin films of MoSe2 with variable thickness, grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The band structure measured experimentally indicates a stronger tendency of monolayer MoSe2 towards a direct bandgap, as well as a larger gap size, than theoretically predicted. Moreover, our finding of a significant spin-splitting of 180 meV at the valence band maximum of a monolayer MoSe2 film could expand its possible application to spintronic devices.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2013

Flexible RNA design under structure and sequence constraints using formal languages

The problem of RNA secondary structure design (also called inverse folding) is the following: given a target secondary structure, one aims to create a sequence that folds into, or is compatible with, a given structure. In several practical applications in biology, additional constraints must be taken into account, such as the presence/absence of regulatory motifs, either at a specific location or anywhere in the sequence. In this study, we investigate the design of RNA sequences from their targeted secondary structure, given these additional sequence constraints. To this purpose, we develop a general framework based on concepts of language theory, namely context-free grammars and finite automata. We efficiently combine a comprehensive set of constraints into a unifying context-free grammar of moderate size. From there, we use generic generic algorithms to perform a (weighted) random generation, or an exhaustive enumeration, of candidate sequences. The resulting method, whose complexity scales linearly with the length of the RNA, was implemented as a standalone program. The resulting software was embedded into a publicly available dedicated web server. The applicability demonstrated of the method on a concrete case study dedicated to Exon Splicing Enhancers, in which our approach was successfully used in the design of \emph{in vitro} experiments.

q-bio.QM↗

arXiv2013

Probe of the Solar Magnetic Field Using the "Cosmic-Ray Shadow" of the Sun

We report on a clear solar-cycle variation of the Sun's shadow in the 10 TeV cosmic-ray flux observed by the Tibet air shower array during a full solar cycle from 1996 to 2009. In order to clarify the physical implications of the observed solar cycle variation, we develop numerical simulations of the Sun's shadow, using the Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) model and the Current Sheet Source Surface (CSSS) model for the coronal magnetic field. We find that the intensity deficit in the simulated Sun's shadow is very sensitive to the coronal magnetic field structure, and the observed variation of the Sun's shadow is better reproduced by the CSSS model. This is the first successful attempt to evaluate the coronal magnetic field models by using the Sun's shadow observed in the TeV cosmic-ray flux.

astro-ph.SR↗

arXiv2013

Testing the effects from dark radiation

In this letter, the effects of dark radiation (DR) are tested. Theoretically, the phase-space analysis method is applied to check whether the model is consist with the history of our universe which shows positive results. Observationally, by using the observational data ($SNLS$ (SuperNovae Legacy Survey), $WMAP9$(Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 9 Years Result), $PLANCK$ (Planck First Data Release), $BAO$ (Baryon Acoustic Oscillations), $H(z)$ (Hubble Parameter Data) and $BBN$ (Big Bang Nucleosynthesis)), the dark radiation is found to have the effect of wiping out the tension between the $SNLS$ data and the other data in flat $ΛCDM$ model. The effects of dark radiation also make the best fit value of $N_{eff}$ slightly larger than 3.04.

astro-ph.CO↗

arXiv2013

Combinatorial search of superconductivity in Fe-B composition spreads

We have fabricated Fe-B thin film composition spreads in search of possible superconducting phases following a theoretical prediction by Kolmogorov et al.^1 Co-sputtering was used to deposit spreads covering a large compositional region of the Fe-B binary phase diagram. A trace of superconducting phase was found in the nanocrystalline part of the spread, where the film undergoes a metal to insulator transition as a function of composition in a region with the average composition of FeB_2. The resistance drop occurs at 4K, and a diamagnetic signal has also been detected at the same temperature. The superconductivity is suppressible in the magnetic field up to 2 Tesla.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

arXiv2013

Establishing non-Abelian topological order in Gutzwiller projected Chern insulators via Entanglement Entropy and Modular S-matrix

We use entanglement entropy signatures to establish non-Abelian topological order in projected Chern-insulator wavefunctions. The simplest instance is obtained by Gutzwiller projecting a filled band with Chern number C=2, whose wavefunction may also be viewed as the square of the Slater determinant of a band insulator. We demonstrate that this wavefunction is captured by the $SU(2)_2$ Chern Simons theory coupled to fermions. This is established most persuasively by calculating the modular S-matrix from the candidate ground state wavefunctions, following a recent entanglement entropy based approach. This directly demonstrates the peculiar non-Abelian braiding statistics of Majorana fermion quasiparticles in this state. We also provide microscopic evidence for the field theoretic generalization, that the Nth power of a Chern number C Slater determinant realizes the topological order of the $SU(N)_C$ Chern Simons theory coupled to fermions, by studying the $SU(2)_3$ (Read-Rezayi type state) and the $SU(3)_2$ wavefunctions. An advantage of our projected Chern insulator wavefunctions is the relative ease with which physical properties, such as entanglement entropy and modular S-matrix can be numerically calculated using Monte Carlo techniques.

cond-mat.str-el↗

arXiv2013

Thermodynamics of the apparent horizon in massive cosmology

Applying Clausius relation with energy-supply defined by the unified first law of thermodynamics formalism to the apparent horizon of a massive cosmological model proposed lately, the corrected entropic formula of the apparent horizon is obtained with the help of the modified Friedmann equations. This entropy-area relation, together with the identified internal energy, verifies the first law of thermodynamics for the apparent horizon with a volume change term for consistency. On the other hand, by means of the corrected entropy-area formula and the Clausius relation $δQ=T dS$, the modified Friedmann equations governing the dynamical evolution of the universe are reproduced with the known energy density and pressure of massive graviton. The integration constant is found to correspond to a cosmological term which could be absorbed into the energy density of matter. Having established the correspondence of massive cosmology with the unified first law of thermodynamics on the apparent horizon, the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics is also discussed by assuming the thermal equilibrium between the apparent horizon and the matter field bounded by the apparent horizon. It is found that, in the limit $H_c\rightarrow 0$ which recovers the Minkowski reference metric solution in the flat case, the generalized second law of thermodynamics holds if $α_3+4α_4<0$. Apart from that, even for the simplest model of dRGT massive cosmology with $α_3=α_4=0$, the generalized second law of thermodynamics could be violated.

gr-qc↗