arXiv subjects

Yingxiu Ma

Publications and source records attributed to Yingxiu Ma.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

ALMA Reveals an Explosive Outflow Candidate in IRAS 16119--5048

We present a multiwavelength study of the massive star formation region IRAS 16119-5048 (I16119) using ALMA ATOMS Band 3 and QUARKS Band 6 observations, complemented by archival ATCA radio continuum and Spitzer mid-infrared data. The CO (2-1) emission reveals a system of high-velocity streamer-like structures around the central region. Using dendrogram analysis of velocity-channel maps followed by linking in position-position-velocity space, we identify 16 approximately radially distributed streamers whose projected trajectories converge toward a common central region. The kinetic energy of the outflows is at least an order of magnitude lower than those of most known explosive outflows, while their mass entrainment and momentum rates are high compared with typical protostellar outflows, suggesting that I16119 may represent a low-energy explosive outflow candidate. Dense-gas and photodissociation-region tracers reveal shell-like structures associated with the 8 $\mu$m emission, indicating that feedback from the H II region may influence the streamer morphology. The 1.3 mm continuum resolves 27 dense cores along a fragmented filamentary structure. Their separations are consistent with thermal Jeans or cylindrical fragmentation, while the collect-and-collapse scenario is unsupported. The dense cores also show evidence of mass segregation, with the most massive cores concentrated near the inferred explosive centre. We suggest that I16119 is a plausible low-energy explosive outflow candidate, possibly triggered by dynamical interactions among centrally concentrated massive cores. However, the complex velocity structure and possible contamination from individual core-driven outflows prevent a definitive classification. More sensitive, higher angular-resolution observations are required to confirm the nature of the outflow.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2026

ALOHA IRDCs Molecular Line Follow-up: I. Gas properties and kinematics

Infrared Dark Clouds are ideal sites for investigating the initial conditions of massive star and cluster formation. The A Lei Of the Habitat and Assembly of Infrared Dark Clouds (ALOHA IRDCs), a James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) Large Program, has mapped nearby IRDCs with SCUBA-2. Complementary molecular line observations are needed to characterise the physical, kinematic, and chemical properties of the dense gas. We aim to determine the thermal, kinematic, and chemical properties of clumps identified in the ALOHA IRDCs, and to assess their evolutionary status and level of star-forming activity. We performed single-pointing K-band and W-band observations towards 56 ALOHA IRDCs clumps using the Effelsberg 100-m and Yebes 40-m telescopes, respectively. We derived NH3 kinetic temperatures using the hyperfine group ratio (HFGR) method and identified infall and shock signatures from HCO+, H13CO+, SiO, and HNCO profiles. Water masers and NH2D emission were used as complementary tracers of chemical evolution and star formation. The clumps exhibit kinetic temperatures of 15-29 K. We detect NH2D emission towards 18 sources, with NH2D centroid velocities consistent with NH3, indicating both species trace the same dense gas component. More than half of the clumps display blue-asymmetric HCO+ profiles, identifying them as infall candidates. Water masers are detected in 22 sources, with prominent velocity ranges and variability. Broad SiO emission (>~20 km/s) indicates strong shocks, while narrower extents (<~6km/s) likely trace large-scale interactions or low-velocity shocks. The widespread infall signatures, shock tracers, masers, and NH2D emission suggest that relatively quiescent, chemically young material can coexist with dynamically active gas affected by early protostellar feedback, providing insight into the coupled physical and chemical evolution of massive IRDC clumps.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2026

The TOP-SCOPE Survey of Planck Galactic Cold Clumps: Molecular gas properties

We surveyed 2008 Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) in $^{12}\mathrm{CO}$ and $^{13}\mathrm{CO}$ $J=1$--0 lines using the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory (TRAO) 14 m telescope's multi-beam receiver. We detected 2784 ($^{12}\mathrm{CO}$) and 2291 ($^{13}\mathrm{CO}$) velocity components, their closely correlated centroid velocities suggest that $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO generally trace kinematically associated gas. PGCCs have low excitation temperatures (mean $\sim$10 K), mean $^{13}\mathrm{CO}$ optical depth $\sim$0.5, and mean $^{13}\mathrm{CO}$-derived H$_2$ column density $4.3\times10^{21}$~cm$^{-2}$. Gas--dust correlations are moderate, with $N_{^{13}\mathrm{CO}}$ more tightly correlated with the dust-derived H$_2$ column density from the PGCC catalog than $I_{^{12}\mathrm{CO}}$. Colder PGCCs tend to have higher CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor ($X_{\mathrm{CO}}$) and $[\mathrm{H_{2}}]/[^{13}\mathrm{CO}]$ ratio. $X_{\mathrm{CO}}$ increases clearly with the dust-derived H$_2$ column density, consistent with enhanced CO freeze-out in high-column-density gas. Supersonic non-thermal motions are widespread: the Mach number derived from $^{13}\mathrm{CO}$ has a mean of 4.3 and a median of 3.6, increasing slightly with dust-derived H$_2$ column density. Overall, PGCCs are cold but dynamically active, serving as a valuable laboratory for studying the initial conditions of star formation.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2025

Cloud-cloud collision and star formation in G013.313+0.193

We study the G013.313+0.193 G013.313 region, a complex environment characterized by molecular cloud interactions indicative of cloud-cloud collision (CCC). Observations of the NH3(1,1) and (2,2) inversion transitions were obtained using the Nanshan 26 m radio telescope, while HCO+ (1-0), 12CO, 13CO, and C18O(1-0) transitions from the Purple Mountain Observatory Delingha 14 m telescope. Archival data are also included. We identified key observational signatures of CCC, including complementary spatial distributions, U-shaped structures, bridge features, and V-shaped velocity distributions. The position-velocity diagrams (P-V) reveal clear indications of gas interaction between two velocity components, suggesting an ongoing collision at an estimated angle of approximately 45 degree to the line of sight. The estimated collision timescale is 0.35-1.03 Myr, aligned with the inferred ages of young stellar objects (YSOs) in the region, supporting the hypothesis of collision-induced star formation. Hub-filament system (HFS) are identified in the compressed gas region, where filaments converge toward a dense hub, suggesting the CCC as a potential driver of HFS formation and massive star formation. The high column density suggests favorable conditions for the formation of massive stars. Although alternative kinematic drivers such as longitudinal collapse and shear motion are considered, CCC remains the most plausible explanation for the observed features. Our findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of cloud dynamics and massive star formation in turbulent molecular environments.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2024

Kinematics and star formation of hub-filament systems in W49A

W49A is a prominent giant molecular cloud (GMC) that exhibits strong star formation activities, yet its structural and kinematic properties remain uncertain. Our study aims to investigate the large-scale structure and kinematics of W49A, and elucidate the role of filaments and hub-filament systems (HFSs) in its star formation activity. We utilized continuum data from Herschel and the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) as well as the molecular lines 12CO (3-2), 13CO (3-2), and C18O (3-2) to identify filaments and HFS structures within W49A. Further analysis focused on the physical properties, kinematics, and mass transport within these structures. Additionally, recombination line emission from the H I/OH/Recombination (THOR) line survey was employed to trace the central H II region and ionized gas. Our findings reveal that W49A comprises one blue-shifted (B-S) HFS and one red-shifted (R-S) HFS, each with multiple filaments and dense hubs. Notably, significant velocity gradients were detected along these filaments, indicative of material transport toward the hubs. High mass accretion rates along the filaments facilitate the formation of massive stars in the HFSs. Furthermore, the presence of V-shaped structures around clumps in position-velocity diagrams suggests ongoing gravitational collapse and local star formation within the filaments. Our results indicate that W49A consists of one R-S HFS and one B-S HFS, and that the material transport from filaments to the hub promotes the formation of massive stars in the hub. These findings underscore the significance of HFSs in shaping the star formation history of W49A.

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arXiv2023

Gravitational collapse and accretion flows in the hub filament system G323.46-0.08

We studied the hub filament system G323.46-0.08 based on archival molecular line data from the SEDIGISM 13CO survey and infrared data from the GLIMPSE, MIPS, and Hi-GAL surveys. G323.46-0.08 consists of three filaments, F-north, F-west, and F-south, that converge toward the central high_mass clump AGAL 323.459-0.079. F-west and Part 1 of the F-south show clear large-scale velocity gradients 0.28 and 0.44 km s-1 pc-1, respectively. They seem to be channeling materials into AGAL 323.459-0.079. The minimum accretion rate was estimated to be 1216 M Myr-1. A characteristic V-shape appears around AGAL 323.459-0.079 in the PV diagram, which traces the accelerated gas motions under gravitational collapse. This has also been supported by model fitting results. All three filaments are supercritical and they have fragmented into many dense clumps. The seesaw patterns near most dense clumps in the PV diagram suggests that mass accretion also occurs along the filament toward the clumps. Our results show that filamentary accretion flows appear to be an important mechanism for supplying the materials necessary to form the central high-mass clump AGAL 323.459-0.079 and to propel the star forming activity taking place therein.

astro-ph.GA↗

arXiv2019

Molecular environs and triggered star formation around the large Galactic infrared bubble N 24

A multi-wavelength analysis of the large Galactic infrared bubble N 24 is has been presented in this paper in order to investigate the molecular and star formation environment around expanding HII regions. Using archival data from Herschel and ATLASGAL, the distribution and physical properties of the dust over the entire bubble are studied. Twenty three dense clumps are identified using the Clumpfind2d algorithm with sizes and masses in the range 0.65-1.73 pc and 600-16300 Msun, respectively. To analyse the molecular environment in N 24, observations of NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) were carried out using the Nanshan 26m radio telescope. Analysis of the kinetic temperature and gravitational stability of these clumps suggests gravitational collapse in several of them. The mass-size distributions of the clumps and the presence of massive young protostars indicate that the shell of N 24 is a region of ongoing massive star formation. The compatibility of the dynamical and fragmentation time-scales and the overabundance of YSOs and clumps on the rim suggest that the collect and collapse mechanism is in play at the boundary of the bubble, but the existence of the IRDC at the edge of bubble indicates that radiation-driven implosion mechanism may also have played a role there.

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arXiv2013

A detailed study of the high-mass clump interacting with the bubble N10

We performed a detailed study of the high-mass clump interacting with bubble N10 based on the spectral lines $^{12}CO(3-2)$, $HCO^+(4-3)$, $N_2H^+(4-3)$ and $CH_3OH(7(0,7)-6(0,6))$ and continuum emission data at 450 $μ$m and 850 $μ$m released on CADC and Spitzer data. Blue-shifted optically thick line $^{12}CO (3-2)$ seems to indicate that the outer envelope of the high-mass clump is still falling toward the center. Detection of $CH_3OH(7(0,7)-6(0,6))$ suggests that a hot core has formed around YSO N10-7. And position-velocity diagram of $N_2H^+ (4-3)$ indicates the cold dense core of the clump has not been destroyed by the star formation activities. The mass of N10-7 is about 27.44 $M_\odot$. The ratio $HCO^+(4-3)/N_2H^+ (4-3)$ in the outer part of the clump is larger than that in the inner part of it. The reason may be that the CO abundance relative to $N_2H^+ (4-3)$ increased in the outer part of the high-mass clump, more $N_2H^+ (4-3)$ were converted into $HCO^+(4-3)$.

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