arXiv subjects

Yoàv Montacute

Publications and source records attributed to Yoàv Montacute.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Halo Semantics for Modal Logic

In nonstandard analysis the halo of a point in a topological space is the intersection of the nonstandard extensions of all its open neighbourhoods. We define a parametric family of modal operators from the halo by varying which elements of the nonstandard extension are admitted as witnesses, and identify four canonical instances. Two recover well-known modalities: the topological closure and the Cantor derivative. A third reduces to Kripke semantics over the specialisation preorder. The fourth, purely nonstandard instance admits only nonstandard witnesses. The Transfer Principle forces it to coincide with the $ω$-accumulation point operator, a classical topological notion not previously studied in modal logic. Unlike the Cantor derivative, the $ω$-accumulation operator maps arbitrary sets to closed sets without any separation axiom, yielding an $ω$-Cantor-Bendixson decomposition on all topological spaces. Axiom 4 holds universally, again without separation conditions. We prove that K4 is the complete logic over infinite spaces, and GL over infinite $ω$-scattered spaces.

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arXiv2026

Modulation-Reaction Networks

Biochemical systems involve both the flow of matter, in which entities transform into one another via reactions, and the flow of information, in which entities regulate which reactions may occur. Boolean networks capture the latter; reaction networks capture the former. Yet no unified qualitative formalism treats regulated reactions as its principal objects of study, despite their prominence in standards such as the Systems Biology Graphical Notation Process Description (SBGN-PD) language. We introduce modulation-reaction networks (MR-networks), a mathematical framework in which entities modulate reactions through activations and inhibitions, and study their synchronous Boolean semantics. To reason about MR-networks we develop Modulation-Reaction Logic (MRL), a hybrid modal $μ$-calculus whose modalities reason about the structure of the network and whose fixed-point operators capture temporal evolution of the computation. We establish a collection of validities, including a complete characterisation of the one-step update rule, and demonstrate the expressive power of MRL by formalising properties of biological interest such as reachability, sustained production, and presence of attractors. We show that MRL admits model-checking via an evaluation game, and introduce a bisimulation relation for MR-networks, which is proved to be invariant for all MRL-formulas. As a step towards a biologically more realistic computational model, we sketch the asynchronous semantics of MR-networks, and outline how the developments for the synchronous case transfer to the study of the asynchronous one.

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arXiv2026

A Coalgebraic Dijkstra Algorithm

The Dijkstra algorithm is a classical method for solving the shortest path problem on weighted graphs. There are several variations of the Dijkstra algorithm, including algorithms for the widest path problem and for two-player games. In this paper, we introduce the coalgebraic shortest path problem (CSPP), a unifying framework for a broad class of optimization problems on state-transition systems. This framework encompasses not only the aforementioned problems but also new ones such as the shortest binary tree problem. We further present a coalgebraic Dijkstra algorithm for solving the CSPP efficiently under a suitable condition. Our condition is necessary and sufficient for the algorithm to return correct solutions, thereby providing a precise criterion for when Dijkstra-style acceleration is possible. We also show that the proposed algorithm achieves asymptotic complexity comparable to that of the classical Dijkstra algorithm.

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arXiv2026

Monads and Distributive Laws in Substructural Contexts (Extended Version)

We present a categorical theory of monads and distributive laws in substructural contexts. In the study of distributive laws, the roles of (the absence of) structural rules for variable contexts have been recognized; our theory formalizes these substructural situations using Tronin's verbal categories $\mathbf W$, in a uniform and presentation-independent manner. We introduce the classes of $\mathbf W$-operadic monads (those defined via the structural rules in $\mathbf W$) and of $\mathbf W$-commutative monads (those invariant under the structural rules in $\mathbf W$). We give a canonical construction of a distributive law $ST\to TS$ of monads on $\mathbf{Set}$; it is applicable when $S$ is $\mathbf W$-operadic and $T$ is $\mathbf W$-commutative (under mild conditions). This accounts for many known and new distributive laws. Even when $S$ fails to be $\mathbf W$-operadic, we can refine $S$ and force $\mathbf W$-operadicity; this captures Varacca and Winskel's construction of indexed valuations.

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arXiv2026

Hybrid Spatiotemporal Logic for Automotive Applications: Modeling and Model-Checking

We introduce a hybrid spatiotemporal logic for automotive safety applications (HSTL), focused on highway driving. Spatiotemporal logic features specifications about vehicles throughout space and time, while hybrid logic enables precise references to individual vehicles and their historical positions. We define the semantics of HSTL and provide a baseline model-checking algorithm for it. We propose two optimized model-checking algorithms, which reduce the search space based on the reachable states and possible transitions from one state to another. All three model-checking algorithms are evaluated on a series of common driving scenarios such as safe following, safe crossings, overtaking, and platooning. An exponential performance improvement is observed for the optimized algorithms.

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arXiv2025

Concurrent Games over Relational Structures: The Origin of Game Comonads

Spoiler-Duplicator games are used in finite model theory to examine the expressive power of logics. Their strategies have recently been reformulated as coKleisli maps of game comonads over relational structures, providing new results in finite model theory via categorical techniques. We present a novel framework for studying Spoiler-Duplicator games by viewing them as event structures. We introduce a first systematic method for constructing comonads for all one-sided Spoiler-Duplicator games: game comonads are now realised by adjunctions to a category of games, generically constructed from a comonad in a bicategory of game schema (called signature games). Maps of the constructed categories of games are strategies and generalise coKleisli maps of game comonads; in the case of one-sided games they are shown to coincide with suitably generalised homomorphisms. Finally, we provide characterisations of strategies on two-sided Spoiler-Duplicator games; in a common special case they coincide with spans of event structures.

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arXiv2024

Linear Arboreal Categories

Arboreal categories, introduced by Abramsky and Reggio, axiomatise categories with tree-shaped objects. These categories provide a categorical language for formalising behavioural notions such as simulation, bisimulation, and resource-indexing. In this paper, we strengthen the axioms of an arboreal category to exclude `branching' behaviour, obtaining a notion of `linear arboreal category'. We then demonstrate that every arboreal category satisfying a linearisability condition has an associated linear arboreal subcategory related via an adjunction. This identifies the relationship between the pebble-relation comonad, of Montacute and Shah, and the pebbling comonad, of Abramsky, Dawar, and Wang, and generalises it further. As another outcome of this new framework, we obtain a linear variant of the arboreal category for modal logic. By doing so we recover different linear-time equivalences between transition systems as instances of their categorical definitions. We conclude with new preservation and characterisation theorems relating trace inclusion and trace equivalence with different linear fragments of modal logic.

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arXiv2024

The Pebble-Relation Comonad in Finite Model Theory

The pebbling comonad, introduced by Abramsky, Dawar and Wang, provides a categorical interpretation for the k-pebble games from finite model theory. The coKleisli category of the pebbling comonad specifies equivalences under different fragments and extensions of infinitary k-variable logic. Moreover, the coalgebras over this pebbling comonad characterise treewidth and correspond to tree decompositions. In this paper we introduce the pebble-relation comonad, which characterises pathwidth and whose coalgebras correspond to path decompositions. We further show that the existence of a coKleisli morphism in this comonad is equivalent to truth preservation in the restricted conjunction fragment of k-variable infinitary logic. We do this using Dalmau's pebble-relation game and an equivalent all-in-one pebble game. We then provide a similar treatment to the corresponding coKleisli isomorphisms via a bijective version of the all-in-one pebble game. Finally, we show as a consequence a new Lovász-type theorem relating pathwidth to the restricted conjunction fragment of k-variable infinitary logic with counting quantifiers.

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arXiv2023

Dynamic Cantor Derivative Logic

Topological semantics for modal logic based on the Cantor derivative operator gives rise to derivative logics, also referred to as $d$-logics. Unlike logics based on the topological closure operator, $d$-logics have not previously been studied in the framework of dynamical systems, which are pairs $(X,f)$ consisting of a topological space $X$ equipped with a continuous function $f\colon X\to X$. We introduce the logics $\bf{wK4C}$, $\bf{K4C}$ and $\bf{GLC}$ and show that they all have the finite Kripke model property and are sound and complete with respect to the $d$-semantics in this dynamical setting. In particular, we prove that $\bf{wK4C}$ is the $d$-logic of all dynamic topological systems, $\bf{K4C}$ is the $d$-logic of all $T_D$ dynamic topological systems, and $\bf{GLC}$ is the $d$-logic of all dynamic topological systems based on a scattered space. We also prove a general result for the case where $f$ is a homeomorphism, which in particular yields soundness and completeness for the corresponding systems $\bf{wK4H}$, $\bf{K4H}$ and $\bf{GLH}$. The main contribution of this work is the foundation of a general proof method for finite model property and completeness of dynamic topological $d$-logics. Furthermore, our result for $\bf{GLC}$ constitutes the first step towards a proof of completeness for the trimodal topo-temporal language with respect to a finite axiomatisation -- something known to be impossible over the class of all spaces.

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arXiv2023

Cantor Derivative Logic in Topological Dynamics

Topological semantics for modal logic based on the Cantor derivative operator gives rise to derivative logics, also referred to as d-logics. Unlike logics based on the topological closure operator, d-logics have not previously been studied in the framework of dynamic topological systems (DTSs), which are pairs (X,f) consisting of a topological space X equipped with a continuous function f : X -> X. We introduce the logics wK4C, K4C and GLC and show that they all have the finite Kripke model property and are sound and complete with respect to the d-semantics in this dynamical setting. We also prove a general result for the case where f is a homeomorphism, which yields soundness and completeness for the corresponding systems wK4H, K4H and GLH. Of special interest is GLC, which is the d-logic of all DTSs based on a scattered space. We use the completeness of GLC and the properties of scattered spaces to demonstrate the first sound and complete dynamic topological logic in the original trimodal language. In particular, we show that the version of DTL based on the class of scattered spaces is finitely axiomatisable over the original language, and that the natural axiomatisation is sound and complete.

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arXiv2023

Dynamic Tangled Derivative Logic of Metric Spaces

Dynamical systems are abstract models of interaction between space and time. They are often used in fields such as physics and engineering to understand complex processes, but due to their general nature, they have found applications for studying computational processes, interaction in multi-agent systems, machine learning algorithms and other computer science related phenomena. In the vast majority of applications, a dynamical system consists of the action of a continuous 'transition function' on a metric space. In this work, we consider decidable formal systems for reasoning about such structures. Spatial logics can be traced back to the 1940's, but our work follows a more dynamic turn that these logics have taken due to two recent developments: the study of the topological mu-calculus, and the the integration of linear temporal logic with logics based on the Cantor derivative. In this paper, we combine dynamic topological logics based on the Cantor derivative and the 'next point in time' operators with an expressively complete fixed point operator to produce a combination of the topological mu-calculus with linear temporal logic. We show that the resulting logics are decidable and have a natural axiomatisation. Moreover, we prove that these logics are complete for interpretations on the Cantor space, the rational numbers, and subspaces thereof.

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arXiv2022

Untangled: A Complete Dynamic Topological Logic

Dynamic topological logic ($\mathbf{DTL}$) is a trimodal logic designed for reasoning about dynamic topological systems. It was shown by Fernández-Duque that the natural set of axioms for $\mathbf{DTL}$ is incomplete, but he provided a complete axiomatisation in an extended language. In this paper, we consider dynamic topological logic over scattered spaces, which are topological spaces where every nonempty subspace has an isolated point. Scattered spaces appear in the context of computational logic as they provide semantics for provability and enjoy definable fixed points. We exhibit the first sound and complete dynamic topological logic in the original trimodal language. In particular, we show that the version of $\mathbf{DTL}$ based on the class of scattered spaces is finitely axiomatisable over the original language, and that the natural axiomatisation is sound and complete.

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