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Yoshiaki Hashimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Yoshiaki Hashimoto.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

Peltier cooling in Corbino-geometry quantum Hall systems

Quantum Hall systems having Corbino geometry are expected to have a large Peltier coefficient $\Pi_{rr}$ in the quantum Hall plateau region. We present an analytic formula for $\Pi_{rr}$ calculated employing the spectral conductivity obtained based on the self-consistent Born approximation. The coefficient $\Pi_{rr}$ is shown to have a large negative (positive) value just above (below) an integer Landau-level filling, with the absolute value $|\Pi_{rr}|$ increasing with decreasing temperature or decreasing disorder, and approaching the saw-tooth shape $- (E_{N_\mathrm{F} \sigma_\mathrm{F}}-\zeta)/e$ in the limit of vanishing disorder, where $E_{N_\mathrm{F} \sigma_\mathrm{F}}$ is the highest occupied Landau level and $\zeta$ is the chemical potential. As an initial attempt to experimentally observe the effect of the large $|\Pi_{rr}|$, we measure the electron temperature $T_\mathrm{out}$ near the outer perimeter of a Corbino disk, applying a radial dc current $I_\mathrm{dc}$. The temperature $T_\mathrm{out}$ is observed to increase or decrease depending on the direction of $I_\mathrm{dc}$ and the sign of $\Pi_{rr}$ as expected from the Peltier effect. Notably, $T_\mathrm{out}$ becomes lower than the bath temperature for outward (inward) $I_\mathrm{dc}$ in the region where $\Pi_{rr} < 0$ ($\Pi_{rr} > 0$).

cond-mat.mes-hall

Simultaneous measurement of specific heat and thermal conductivity in pulsed magnetic fields

We report an experimental setup for simultaneously measuring specific heat and thermal conductivity in feedback-controlled pulsed magnetic fields of 50 msec duration at cryogenic temperatures. A stabilized magnetic field pulse obtained by the feedback control, which dramatically improves the thermal stability of the setup and sample, is used in combination with the flash method to obtain absolute values of thermal properties up to 37.2 T in the 2 K to 16 K temperature range. We describe the experimental setup and demonstrate the performance of the present method with measurements on single crystal samples of the geometrically frustrated quantum spin-dimer system SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$. Our proof-of-principle results show excellent agreement with data taken using a standard steady-state method, confirming the validity and convenience of the present approach.

cond-mat.str-el

Gate controlled unitary operation on flying spin qubits in quantum Hall edge states

Spin and orbital freedoms of electrons traveling on spin-resolved quantum Hall edge states (quantum Hall ferromagnets) are maximally entangled. The unitary operations on these two freedoms are hence equivalent, which means one can manipulate the spins with non-magnetic methods through the orbitals. If one takes the quantization axis of spins along the magnetization axis, the zenith angle is determined by the partition rate of spin-separated edges while the azimuth angle is defined as the phase difference between the edges. Utilizing these properties, we have realized electrically controlled unitary operation on the electron spins on the quantum Hall ferromagnets. The zenith angle of the spin was controlled through the radius of gyration at a corner by means of applying voltage to a thin gate placed at one edge. The subsequent rotation in the azimuth angle was controlled via the distance between the edge channels also by a gate voltage. The combination of the two operations constitutes the first systematic electric operation on spins in the quantum Hall edge channels.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Spin triplet superconducting proximity effect in a ferromagnetic semiconductor

Conventional spin-singlet superconductivity that deeply penetrates into ferromagnets is typically killed by the exchange interaction, which destroys the spin-singlet pairs. Under certain circumstances, however, superconductivity survives this interaction by adopting the pairing behavior of spin triplets. The necessary conditions for the emergence of triplet pairs are well-understood, owing to significant developments in theoretical frameworks and experiments. The long-term challenges to inducing superconductivity in magnetic semiconductors, however, involve difficulties in observing the finite supercurrent, even though the generation of superconductivity in host materials has been well-established and extensively examined. Here, we show the first evidence of proximity-induced superconductivity in a ferromagnetic semiconductor (In, Fe)As. The supercurrent reached a distance scale of $\sim 1~μ$m, which is comparable to the proximity range in two-dimensional electrons at surfaces of pure InAs. Given the long range of its proximity effects and its response to magnetic fields, we conclude that spin-triplet pairing is dominant in proximity superconductivity. Therefore, this progress in ferromagnetic semiconductors is a breakthrough in semiconductor physics involving unconventional superconducting pairing.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Trembling electrons cause conductance fluctuation

The highly successful Dirac equation can predict peculiar effects such as Klein tunneling and the "Zitterbewegung" (German for "trembling motion") of electrons. From the time it was first identified by Erwin Schrodinger, Zitterbewegung (ZB) has been considered a key to understanding relativistic quantum mechanics. However, observing the original ZB of electrons is too difficult, and instead various emulations using entity models have been proposed, producing several successes. Expectations are high regarding charge transports in semiconductors and graphene; however, very few reports have appeared on them. Here, we report that ZB has a surprisingly large effect on charge transports when we play "flat pinball" with such trembling electrons in a semiconductor nanostructure. The stage here is a narrow strip of InAs two-dimensional electron gas with a strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Six quantum point contacts (QPCs) are attached to the strip as pinball pockets. The ZB appeared as a large reproducible conductance fluctuation versus in-plane magnetic fields in the transport between two QPCs. Numerical simulations successfully reproduced our experimental observations, certifying that ZB causes a new type of conductance fluctuation.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Experimental Verification of a Spin-Interference Device Action

We report the detection of spin interference signal in an Aharonov-Bohm type interferometer with quantum dots on the conduction paths. We have found that resonators like quantum dots can work as efficient spin rotators. The interference signal appears only when spin-polarized electrons are injected into the device. The interference pattern in the gate voltage-magnetic field plane is checker board like, ensuring the modulation of spin wavefunction's phase as well as the orbital phase.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Spin-polarization in the vicinity of quantum point contact with spin-orbit interaction

We have developed a novel technique for detection of spin polarization with a quantum dot weakly coupled to the objective device. The disturbance to the object in this technique is very small since the detection is performed through sampling of single electrons in the object with very slow rate. We have applied the method to a quantum point contact (QPC) under a spin-orbit interaction. A high degree of spin polarization in the vicinity of the QPC was detected when the conductance stayed on a plateau at a half of the unit conductance quantum ($G_{\rm q}/2\equiv e^2/h$), and also on another plateau at $2e^2/h$. On the half-quantum plateau, the degree of polarization $P$ decreased with the bias source-drain voltage of the QPC while $P$ increased on the single-quantum plateau, manifesting that different mechanisms of polarization were working on these plateaus. Very long spin relaxation times in the detector quantum dot probably due to dynamical nuclear spin polarization were observed. Anomalous decrease of $P$ around zero-bias was observed at a Kondo-like resonance peak.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Magnetization dependent current rectification in (Ga,Mn)As magnetic tunnel junctions

We have found that the current rectification effect in triple layer (double barrier) (Ga,Mn)As magnetic tunnel junctions strongly depends on the magnetization alignment. The direction as well as the amplitude of the rectification changes with the alignment, which can be switched by bi-directional spin-injection with very small threshold currents. A possible origin of the rectification is energy dependence of the density of states around the Fermi level. Tunneling density of states in (Ga,Mn)As shows characteristic dip around zero-bias indicating formation of correlation gap, the asymmetry of which would be a potential source of the energy dependent density of states.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Evidence of Spin-Filtering in Quantum Constrictions with Spin-Orbit Interaction

A new type of blockade effect - spin-orbit blockade (SOB) - is found in the conduction of a quantum dot (QD) made of a material with spin-orbit interaction. The blockade arises from spin-filtering effect in a quantum point contact (QPC), which is a component of the QD. Hence the appearance of the blockade itself evidences the spin-filtering effect in the QPC. The lower bound of filtering efficiency is estimated to be above 80%.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Spatial gradient of dynamic nuclear spin polarization induced by breakdown of quantum Hall effect

We studied spatial distribution of dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) in a Hall-bar device in a breakdown regime of the quantum Hall effect (QHE). We detected nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals from the polarized nuclear spins by measuring the Hall voltage $V_{xy}$ using three pairs of voltage probes attached to the conducting channel of the Hall bar. We find that the amplitude of the NMR signal depends on the position of the Hall voltage probes and that the largest NMR signal is obtained from the pair of probes farthest from the electron-injecting electrode. Combined with results on pump-and-probe measurements, we conclude that the DNP induced by QHE breakdown develops along the electron-drift direction.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Strain-induced enhancement of electric quadrupole splitting in resistively detected nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum in quantum Hall systems

We show electrical coherent manipulation of quadrupole-split nuclear spin states in a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure on the basis of the breakdown of quantum Hall effect. The electric quadrupole splitting in nuclear spin energy levels is intentionally enhanced by applying an external stress to the heterostructure. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra with clearly separated triple peaks are obtained, and Rabi oscillations are observed between the nuclear spin energy levels. The decay of the spin-echo signal is compared between the cases before and after the enhancement of quadrupole splitting.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Dynamic nuclear polarization induced by breakdown of fractional quantum Hall effect

We study dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) induced by breakdown of the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) effect. We find that voltage-current characteristics depend on current sweep rates at the quantum Hall states of Landau level filling factors $ν$ = 1, 2/3, and 1/3. The sweep rate dependence is attributed to DNP occurring in the breakdown regime of FQH states. Results of a pump and probe experiment show that the polarities of the DNP induced in the breakdown regimes of the FQH states is opposite to that of the DNP induced in the breakdown regimes of odd-integer quantum Hall states.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Coherent manipulation of nuclear spins in the breakdown regime of integer quantum Hall states

We demonstrate a new method for electrical manipulation of nuclear spins utilizing dynamic nuclear polarization induced by quantum Hall effect breakdown. Nuclear spins are polarized and detected through the hyperfine interaction between a nuclear spin system and a two-dimensional electron system located at an interface of GaAs/AlGaAs single heterostructure. Coherent oscillations between the nuclear-spin quantum states are observed by measuring the longitudinal voltage of the conductor.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Dynamic Nuclear Polarization in a Quantum Hall Corbino Disk

Electrical polarization of nuclear spins is studied in a Corbino disk under a breakdown regime of the quantum Hall effect (QHE). Since the edge channels are completely absent in the Corbino disk, we conclude that the electric current flowing in the bulk channel of a quantum Hall conductor is relevant to dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). A pump and probe measurement demonstrates that DNP emerges near the critical voltage of the QHE breakdown. The agreement of the onset voltage of DNP with that of the QHE breakdown indicates that the underlying origin of DNP is closely related to that of the QHE breakdown.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Observation of Spin-Orbit Berry's Phase in Magnetoresistance of a Two-Dimensional Hole Anti-dot System

We report observation of spin-orbit Berry's phase in the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) type oscillation of weak field magnetoresistance in an anti-dot lattice (ADL) of a two-dimensional hole system. An AB-type oscillation is superposed on the commensurability peak, and the main peak in the Fourier transform is clearly split up due to variation in Berry's phase originating from the spin-orbit interaction. A simulation considering Berry's phase and the phase arising from the spin-orbit shift in the momentum space shows qualitative agreement with the experiment.

cond-mat.mes-hall

Intersubband electronic Raman scattering in narrow GaAs single quantum wells dominated by single-particle excitations

We measured resonant Raman scattering by intersubband electronic excitations in GaAs/AlAs single quantum wells (QWs) with well widths ranging from 8.5 to 18 nm. In narrow (less than 10 nm) QWs with sufficiently high electron concentrations, only single-particle excitations (SPEs) were observed in intersubband Raman scattering, which was confirmed by the well-width dependence of Raman spectra. We found characteristic variations in Raman shift and line shape for SPEs with incident photon energy in the narrow QWs.

cond-mat.other