Order parameters with higher dimensionful composite fields
We discuss the possibility of the spontaneous symmetry breaking characterized by order parameters with higher dimensionful composite fields. By analyzing general Ginzburg-Landau potential for a complex scalar field ϕ=ϕ_1 + i ϕ_2 with O(2) symmetry, we demonstrate that a phase characterized by < ϕ_1^2 - ϕ_2^2 > \neq 0 with < ϕ_1 >=< ϕ_2 >=0 is realized in a certain parameter region. To clarify the driving force to favor this phase, we study the O(2) ϕ^6 theory in three dimensions.
hep-th↗