arXiv subjects

Yoshinori Hiroi

Publications and source records attributed to Yoshinori Hiroi.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

Social Statements: A Proposal for a Social-Value Balance Sheet and Profit-Loss Statement

This study proposes a new set of a firm's "social statements" that represent social value, in contrast to conventional financial statements that represent economic value. Financial statements externalize social and environmental costs, and this externalization is one of the primary causes of contemporary social problems. Insights from anthropology, philosophy, and sociology suggest that social value is grounded in social relationships, joint actions, and communication. Building on this understanding, we assign numerical indicators of a firm's social relationships with external stakeholders to the items of a balance sheet and a profit-loss statement as social statements. This approach enables unified measurement units and simplified calculation compared with existing methods for evaluating social impact or social value. Moreover, similar to financial statements, social statements allow firms to be assessed using managerial indicators such as equity ratios and profit margins. The significance of social statements lies in incorporating social value--alongside financial value--into corporate decision-making, and in encouraging social transformation as firms publicly articulate their social value.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2021

Wealth disparities and economic flow: Assessment using an asset exchange model with the surplus stock of the wealthy

How can we limit wealth disparities while stimulating economic flows in sustainable societies? To examine the link between these concepts, we propose an econophysics asset exchange model with the surplus stock of the wealthy. The wealthy are one of the two exchange agents and have more assets than the poor. Our simulation model converts the surplus contribution rate of the wealthy to a new variable parameter alongside the saving rate and introduces the total exchange (flow) and rank correlation coefficient (metabolism) as new evaluation indexes, adding to the Gini index (disparities), thereby assessing both wealth distribution and the relationships among the disparities, flow, and metabolism. We show that these result in a gamma-like wealth distribution, and our model reveals a trade-off between limiting disparities and vitalizing the market. To limit disparities and increase flow and metabolism, we also find the need to restrain savings and use the wealthy surplus stock. This relationship is explicitly expressed in the new equation introduced herein. The insights gained by uncovering the root of disparities may present a persuasive case for investments in social security measures or social businesses involving stock redistribution or sharing.

econ.GN↗

arXiv2020

Regional Inequality Simulations Based on Asset Exchange Models with Exchange Range and Local Support Bias

To gain insights into the problem of regional inequality, we proposed new regional asset exchange models based on existing kinetic income-exchange models in economic physics. We did this by setting the spatial exchange range and adding bias to asset fraction probability in equivalent exchanges. Simulations of asset distribution and Gini coefficients showed that suppressing regional inequality requires, firstly an increase in the intra-regional economic circulation rate, and secondly the narrowing down of the exchange range (inter-regional economic zone). However, avoiding over-concentration of assets due to repeat exchanges requires adding a third measure; the local support bias (distribution norm). A comprehensive solution incorporating these three measures enabled shifting the asset distribution from over-concentration to exponential distribution and eventually approaching the normal distribution, reducing the Gini coefficient further. Going forward, we will expand these models by setting production capacity based on assets, path dependency on two-dimensional space, bias according to disparity, and verify measures to reduce regional inequality in actual communities.

physics.soc-ph↗

arXiv2020

Sustainability and Fairness Simulations Based on Decision-Making Model of Utility Function and Norm Function

We introduced a decision-making model based on value functions that included individualistic utility function and socio-constructivistic norm function and proposed a norm-fostering process that recursively updates norm function through mutual recognition between the self and others. As an example, we looked at the resource-sharing problem typical of economic activities and assumed the distribution of individual actions to define the (1) norm function fostered through mutual comparison of value/action ratio based on the equity theory (progressive tax-like), (2) norm function proportional to resource utilization (proportional tax-like) and (3) fixed norm function independent of resource utilization (fixed tax-like). By carrying out numerical simulation, we showed that the progressive tax-like norm function (i) does not increase disparity for the distribution of the actions, unlike the other norm functions, and (ii) has high resource productivity and low Gini coefficient. Therefore the progressive tax-like norm function has the highest sustainability and fairness.

econ.GN↗