Youna Louyer | Searcharxiv

arXiv2026

Long distance attraction between particles in a soap film

Millimeter-sized particles trapped at the surface of a liquid bath attract each other through the deformation of the liquid-air interface, a phenomenon known as "the Cheerios effect". We consider here a situation similar at first sight: the interaction between two millimeter-sized particles trapped in an horizontal soap film. In this geometry, the deformation of the film due to the weight of one particle extends over the entire system size, which induces an extremely long-ranged attraction. Combined with the low viscous friction in the film, this leads to intricate particle orbits, lasting up to ten seconds before the two particles eventually collide. By tracking the particles dynamics, we measure the force exerted by each particle on the other, and we develop a theoretical model. Because the interface deformation induced by a particle depends on its position in the soap film, the attractive force has two features that fundamentally depart from classical interaction forces. The force exerted by one particle on the other differs both in direction and magnitude from the reverse interaction, with an asymmetry reaching 150% when one particle is close to the center and the other one close to the frame. Reciprocity is recovered when both particles are close to the film center. These results are a original example of non-reciprocal effective interactions due to boundary conditions.

cond-mat.soft↗

arXiv2025

Sliding dynamics of a particle in a soap film

We investigate the sliding dynamics of a millimeter-sized particle trapped in a horizontal soap film. Once released, the particle moves toward the center of the film in damped oscillations. We study experimentally and model the forces acting on the particle, and evidence the key role of the mass of the film on its shape and particle dynamics. Not only is the gravitational distortion of the film measurable, it completely determines the force responsible for the motion of the particle - the catenoid-like deformation induced by the particle has negligible effect on the dynamics. Surprisingly, this is expected for all film sizes as long as the particle radius remains much smaller than the film width. We also measure the friction force, and show that ambient air and the film contribute almost equally to the friction. The theoretical model that we propose predicts exactly the friction coefficient as long as inertial effects can be neglected in air (for the smallest and slowest particles). The fit between theory and experiments sets an upper boundary of 0.01 μPa s m for the surface viscosity, in excellent agreement with recent interfacial microrheology measurements.

cond-mat.soft↗