arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Young-Jai Park.
We investigate whether the gravitational thermodynamic properties of the scalar-tensor theory of gravity are affected by the conformal transformation or not. As an explicit example, we consider an electrically charged static spherical black hole in the 4-dimensional low energy effective theory of bosonic string.
We semi-classically calculate the entropy of a scalar field in the background of the BTZ black hole, and derive the perimeter law of the entropy. The proper length from the horizon to the ultraviolet cutoff is independent of both the mass and the angular momentum of the black hole. It is shown that the superradiant scattering modes give the sub-leading order contribution to the entropy while the non-superradiant modes give the leading order one, and thus superradiant effect is minor.
The symplectic formalism is fully employed to study the gauge-invariant CP$^1$ model with the Chern-Simons term. We consistently accommodate the CP$^1$ constraint at the Lagrangian level according to this formalism.
We apply the Batalin-Tyutin Hamiltonian method to the Abelian Proca model in order to convert a second class constraint system into a first class one systematically by introducing the new fields. Then, according to the BFV formalism we obtain that the desired resulting Lagrangian preserving standard BRST symmetry naturally includes the well-known Stükelberg scalar related to the explicit gauge-breaking effect due to the presence of the mass term. Furthermore, we also discuss the nonlocal symmetry structure of this model in the context of the nonstandard BRST symmetry.
According to the experimental data, it is still controversial whether the neutrinos, especially the electron-neutrino and muon-neutrino, can be considered as the fermionic spinorial tachyons, and there is still no reliable report on the existence of the right-handed neutrinos. In this letter, we show that the neutrinos with the single handedness can not be the tachyons, but only those of the both handedness can be. Several implications of this result are discussed.
We quantize the chiral Schwinger Model by using the Batalin-Tyutin formalism. We show that one can systematically construct the first class constraints and the desired involutive Hamiltonian, which naturally generates all secondary constraints. For $a>1$, this Hamiltonian gives the gauge invariant Lagrangian including the well-known Wess-Zumino terms, while for $a=1$ the corresponding Lagrangian has the additional new type of the Wess-Zumino terms, which are irrelevant to the gauge symmetry.
We show that the anomaly of nonlocal symmetry can be canceled by the well-known Wess-Zumino acton which cancels the gauge anomaly in the two-dimensional chiral electrodynamics.
The theoretical foundation of the object moving faster than light in vacuum ({\it tachyon}) is still missing or incomplete. Here we present the classical foundation of the relativistic dynamics including the tachyon. An anomalous sign-factor extracted from the transformation of ${ \sqrt{1-u^{2}/c^{2} } }$ under the Lorentz transformation, which has been always missed in the usual formulation of the tachyon, has a crucial role in the dynamics of the tachyon. Due to this factor the mass of the tachyon transforms in the unusual way although the energy and momentum, which are defined as the conserved quantities in all uniformly moving systems, transform in the usual way as in the case of the object moving slower than light ({\it bradyon}). We show that this result can be also obtained from the least action approach. On the other hand, we show that the ambiguities for the description of the dynamics for the object moving with the velocity of light ({\it luxon}) can be consistently removed only by introducing a new dynamical variable. Furthermore, by using the fundamental definition of the momentum and energy we show that the zero-point energy for any kind of the objects, {\it i.e.}, the tachyon, bradyon, and luxon, which has been known as the undetermined constant, should satisfy some constraints for consistency, and we note that this is essentially another novel relativistic effect. Finally, we remark about the several unsolved problems.
We quantize the Chern-Simons-Proca theory in three dimensions by using the Batalin-Tyutin Hamiltonian method, which systematically embeds second class constraint system into first class by introducing new fields in the extended phase space. As results, we obtain simultaneously the Stückelberg scalar term, which is needed to cancel the gauge anomaly due to the mass term, and the new type of Wess-Zumino action, which is irrelevant to the gauge symmetry. We also investigate the infrared property of the Chern-Simons-Proca theory by using the Batalin-Tyutin formalism comparing with the symplectic formalism. As a result, we observe that the resulting theory is precisely the gauge invariant Chern-Simons-Proca quantum mechanical version of this theory.
The operator ordering problem due to the quantization or regularization ambiguity in the Chern-Simons theory exists. However, we show that this can be avoided if we require Galilei covariance of the nonrelativistic Abelian Chern-Simons theory even at the quantum level for the extended sources. The covariance can be recovered only by choosing some particular operator orderings for the generators of the Galilei group depending on the quantization ambiguities of the $gauge-matter$ commutation relation. We show that the desired ordering for the unusual prescription is not the same as the well-known normal ordering but still satisfies all the necessary conditions. Furthermore, we show that the equations of motion can be expressed in a similar form regardless of the regularization ambiguity. This suggests that the different regularization prescriptions do not change the physics. On the other hand, for the case of point sources the regularization prescription is uniquely determined, and only the orderings, which are equivalent to the usual one, are allowed.
We study the four-dimensional {\it N}=8 maximal supergravity in the context of Lie superalgebra SU(8/1). All possible successive superalgebraic truncations from four-dimensional {\it N}=8 theory to {\it N}=7, 6, $\cdots$, 1 supergravity theories are systematically realized as sub-superalgebra chains of SU(8/1) by using the Kac-Dynkin weight techniques.
We quantize the self-dual massive theory by using the Batalin-Tyutin Hamiltonian method, which systematically embeds second class constraint system into first class one in the extended phase space by introducing the new fields. Through this analysis we obtain simultaneously the Stückelberg scalar term related to the explicit gauge-breaking effect and the new type of Wess-Zumino action related to the Chern-Simons term.
The (2+1) dimensional nonabelian Chern-Simons theory coupled to complex scalar fields is quantized by using the Batalin-Tyutin canonical Hamiltonian method which systematically embeds second-class constraint system into first-class one. We obtain the gauge-invariant nonabelian Wess-Zumino type action in the extended phase space.