arXiv subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Yu Tian.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between Snyder's model in de Sitter space of momenta and the \dS-invariant special relativity. This indicates that physics at the Planck length $\ell_P$ and the scale $R=3/Λ$ should be dual to each other and there is in-between gravity of local \dS-invariance characterized by a dimensionless coupling constant $g=\ell_P/R\sim 10^{-61}$.
Based on the Beltrami-de Sitter spacetime, we present the Newton-Hooke model under the Newton-Hooke contraction of the $BdS$ spacetime with respect to the transformation group, algebra and geometry. It is shown that in Newton-Hooke space-time, there are inertial-type coordinate systems and inertial-type observers, which move along straight lines with uniform velocity. And they are invariant under the Newton-Hooke group. In order to determine uniquely the Newton-Hooke limit, we propose the Galilei-Hooke's relativity principle as well as the postulate on Newton-Hooke universal time. All results are readily extended to the Newton-Hooke model as a contraction of Beltrami-anti-de Sitter spacetime with negative cosmological constant.
Between Snyder's quantized space-time model in de Sitter space of momenta and the \dS special relativity on \dS-spacetime of radius $R$ with Beltrami coordinates, there is a one-to-one dual correspondence supported by a minimum uncertainty-like argument. Together with Planck length $\ell_P$, $R\simeq (3/Λ)^{1/2}$ should be a fundamental constant. They lead to a dimensionless constant $g{\sim\ell_PR^{-1}}=(G\hbar c^{-3}Λ/3)^{1/2}\sim 10^{-61}$. These indicate that physics at these two scales should be dual to each other and there is in-between gravity of local \dS-invariance characterized by $g$. A simple model of \dS-gravity with a gauge-like action on umbilical manifolds may show these characters. It can pass the observation tests and support the duality.
The conformal extensions of three kinds of special relativity with ISO(1,3)/SO(1,4)/SO(2,3) invariance on Mink/dS/AdS space, respectively, are realized on an SO(2,4)/Z_2 invariant projective null cone [N] as the (projective) boundary of the 5-d AdS-space. The relations among the conformal Mink/dS/AdS spaces, the motions of light signals and the conformal field theories on them can be given. Thus, there should be a triality for these conformal issues and the conjectured AdS/CFT correspondence.
A "minimal" generalization of Quantum Mechanics is proposed, where the Lagrangian or the action functional is a mapping from the (classical) states of a system to the Lie algebra of a general compact Lie group, and the wave function takes values in the corresponding group algebra. This formalism admits a probability interpretation and a suitable dynamics, but has no obvious classical correspondence. Allowing the Lagrangian or the action functional to take values in a general Lie algebra instead of only the real number field (actually the u(1) algebra) enlarges the extent of possible physical laws that can describe the real world. The generalized quantum dynamics of a point particle in a background gauge field is given as an example, which realizes the gauge invariance by a Wilson line structure and shows that some Schrodinger-like equation can be deduced within this formalism. Some possible developments of this formalism are also discussed.
The thermal time hypothesis proposed by Rovelli [1] regards the physical basis for the flow of time as thermodynamical and provides a definition of the temperature for some special cases. We verify this hypothesis in the case of de Sitter spacetime by relating the uniformly accelerated observer in de Sitter spacetime to the diamond in Minkowski spacetime. Then, as an application of it, we investigate the thermal effect for the uniformly accelerated observer with a finite lifetime in dS spacetime, which generalizes the corresponding result for the case of Minkowski spacetime [2]. Furthermore, noticing that a uniformly accelerated dS observer with a finite lifetime corresponds to a Rindler observer with a finite lifetime in the embedding Minkowski spacetime, we show that the global-embedding-Minkowski-spacetime (GEMS) picture of spacetime thermodynamics is valid in this case. This is a rather nontrivial and unexpected generalization of the GEMS picture, as well as a further verification of both the thermal time hypothesis and the GEMS picture.
We focus on the dynamical aspects of Newton-Hooke space-time ${\cal NH}_+$ mainly from the viewpoint of geometric contraction of the de Sitter spacetime. We first discuss the Newton-Hooke classical mechanics, especially the continuous medium mechanics, in this framework. Then, we establish a consistent theory of gravity on the Newton-Hooke space-time as a kind of Newton-Cartan-like theory, parallel to the Newton's gravity in the Galilei space-time. Finally, we give the Newton-Hooke invariant Schrödinger equation from the geometric contraction, where we can relate the conservative probability in some sense to the mass density in the Newton-Hooke continuous medium mechanics. Similar consideration may apply to the Newton-Hooke space-time ${\cal NH}_-$ contracted from anti-de Sitter spacetime.
The conformal symmetry on the instanton moduli space is discussed using the ADHM construction, where a viewpoint of "homogeneous coordinates" for both the spacetime and the moduli space turns out to be useful. It is shown that the conformal algebra closes only up to global gauge transformations, which generalizes the earlier discussion by Jackiw et al. An interesting 5-dimensional interpretation of the SU(2) single-instanton is also mentioned.
The Drinfeld-Manin construction of U(N) instanton is reformulated in the ADHM formulism, which gives explicit general solutions of the ADHM constraints for U(N) (N>=2k-1) k-instantons. For the N<2k-1 case, implicit results are given systematically as further constraints, which can be used to the collective coordinate integral. We find that this formulism can be easily generalized to the noncommutative case, where the explicit solutions are as well obtained.
This paper is a supplement of our earlier work JHEP 0410 (2004) 011[gr-qc/0409107].We map the vector potential of charged black holes into GEMS and find that its effect on the thermal spectrum is the same as that on the black hole side, i.e., it will induce a chemical potential in the thermal spectrum which is the same as that in the charged black holes.We also argue that the generalization of GEMS approach to non-stationary motions is not possible.
We generalize the work of Deser and Levin on the unified description of Hawking radiation and Unruh effect to general stationary motions in spherically symmetric black holes. We have also matched the chemical potential term of the thermal spectrum of the two sides for uncharged black holes.
We suggest a scalar model of dark energy with the SO(1,1) symmetry. The model may be reformulated in terms of a real scalar field $Φ$ and the scale factor $a$ so that the Lagrangian may be decomposed as that of the real quintessence model plus the negative coupling energy term of $Φ$ to $a$. The existence of the coupling term $L^c$ leads to a wider range of $w_Φ$ and overcomes the problem of negative kinetic energy in the phantom universe model. We propose a power-law expansion model of univese with time-dependent power, which can describe the phantom universe and the universe transition from ordinary acceleration to super acceleration.
Weakening the Euclidean assumption in special relativity and the coordinate-independence hypothesis in general relativity for the de Sitter space, we propose a de Sitter invariant special relativity with two universal constants of speed $c$ and length $R$ based on the principle of relativity and the postulate of universal constants $c$ and $R$ on de Sitter space with Beltrami metric. We also propose a postulate on the origin of the inertial motions and inertial systems as a base of the principle of relativity. We show that the Beltrami-de Sitter space provides such a model that the origin of inertia should be determined by the cosmological constant $Λ$ if the length $R$ is linked with $Λ$. In addition, via the `gnomonic' projection the uniform straight-line motion on Beltrami-de Sitter space is linked with the uniform motion along a great `circle' on de Sitter space embedded in 5-d Minkowski space.
We have calculated the topological charge of U(N) instantons on non-degenerate noncommutative space time to be exactly the instanton number k in a previous paper [Mod.Phys.Lett. A18 1691]. This paper, which deals with the degenerate R^2_{NC}*R^2 case, is the continuation of that one. We find that the same conclusion holds in this case, thus complete the answer to the problem of topological charge of noncommutative U(N) instantons.
We analytically calculate the topological charge of the noncommutative ADHM U(N) k-instanton using the Corrigan's identity and find that the result is exactly the instanton number k.
We extend the method of matrix partition to obtain explicitly the gauge field for noncommutative ADHM construction in some general cases. As an application of this method we apply it to the U(2) 2-instanton and get explicit result for the gauge fields in the coincident instanton limit. We also easily apply it to the noncommutative 't Hooft instantons in the appendix.
We study the U(1) and U(2) instanton solutions of gauge theory on general noncommutative $\bf{R}^4$. In all cases considered we obtain explicit results for the projection operators. In some cases we computed numerically the instanton charge and found that it is an integer, independent of the noncommutative parameters $θ_{1,2}$.