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Yu. M. Zinoviev

Publications and source records attributed to Yu. M. Zinoviev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

Massive spin-2 supermultiplet and supergravity

In this work, we consider the interaction of massless $N=1$ supergravity with a massive (2,3/2,3/2,1) supermultiplet, as a possible candidate for a supersymmetric extension to bigravity. A gauge invariant description for massive spin-2, spin-3/2 and spin-1 fields is used. As a result of this, ambiguities arise related to possible field redefinitions, which are fixed by using a recently proposed method based on unfolded equations, and by restricting ourselves to interactions with the minimum number of derivatives (two for bosonic and one for fermionic vertices). It appears that this completely fixes the entire construction.

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On the frame-like multispinor formalism for massive higher spins in d=4

In this paper, we fill some gap in the existing literature on higher spins by presenting an explicit solution to the on-shell constraints for a frame-like, gauge invariant description of massive, higher spin fields in d=4. We begin with the massive spin 2 and massive spin 5/2 as simple illustrations, and then consider arbitrary integer and half-integer spin. We also show that our results allow us to find explicit solutions to the so-called unfolded equations that determine all higher-order derivatives of the physical field that are non-zero on-shell.

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On massive higher spins and gravity. IV. Arbitrary spin

In this paper, we investigate gravitational interactions of massive fields with arbitrary integer and half-integer spin, trying to construct a vertex that contains both standard minimal and non-minimal interaction terms necessary to make the vertex gauge invariant. We propose an ansatz for these non-minimal terms and show that it leads to a unique solution that correctly reproduces our previous results for spins 5/2, 3 and 7/2, including all possible partially massless limits.

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On massive higher spins and gravity. III. Spin 7/2

In this paper, we extend our previous results on the gravitational interactions for massive spin 5/2 particles and spin 3 particles to massive spin 7/2, including its massless and partially massless limits. These results share some common features, such as a non-singular massless limit in $AdS$ and a flat limit for non-zero masses, as well as a singularity at the points corresponding to the boundary of the unitary forbidden region. At the same time, these results allow us to suggest what the structure of non-minimal interactions for arbitrary spins looks like. Another subject of interest is the Skvortsov-Vasiliev formalism for describing partially massless fields. This formalism has been very useful in our research, but our examples have shown that it dos not always lead to the correct results.

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On massive higher spins and gravity. II. Spin 3

In this paper, we continue our investigation of gravitational interactions for massive higher spins, extending our recent work on massive spin 5/2 to massive spin 3, including its massless and partially massless limits. To construct the minimal gravitational interactions (i.e. vertexes containing both standard minimal interactions and non-minimal ones, which are necessary for any $s \ge 5/2$), we use a gauge invariant frame-like formalism. Similarly to the spin 5/2 case, there is a special point $m^2 = 6Λ$, which corresponds to a boundary of the unitary allowed region in $dS_4$, where minimal interactions disappear, leaving only the non-minimal ones.

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On massive higher spins and gravity. I. Spin 5/2

In this paper, we continue our investigation of gravitational interactions for massive higher spins extending our previous work on massive spin 3/2 and spin 2 to massive spin 5/2, including partially massless and massless limits. We use the gauge invariant frame-like description for massive fields, both for general analysis of possible vertices and for constructing the minimal vertex (i.e. vertex containing standard minimal interactions and non-minimal interactions with a minimum number of derivatives). In particular, we show that there is a special point m^2 = 4Λ, which corresponds to the boundary of a unitary allowed region in dS_4, where minimal interactions disappear, leaving only non-minimal ones.

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Partially massless spin 5/2 and supersymmetry

We elaborate on the partially massless spin 5/2 supermultiplet, which contains partially massless spin 5/2, massless and partially massless spin 2, as well as massless spin 3/2. We consider the global supertransformations connecting partially massless spin 5/2 to its two possible superpartners, massless and partially massless spin 2, and make them local by switching the interaction with the massless gravitino. We use a frame-like gauge-invariant formalism to describe free fields and the Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism to construct interactions, Due to the presence of the Stueckelberg fields in the gauge-invariant description of massive and partially massless fields, we face ambiguities related to field redefinitions. We use this freedom to simplify calculations. At the same time, we demonstrate how these ambiguities can be resolved using unfolded equations.

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Partially massless spin 2 and supersymmetry

The very existence of partially massless spin 2 supermultiplet tell us that partially massless spin 2 has two natural superpartners: massless spin 3/2 and massive spin 3/2 with some special value of mass. As for any pair of fields connected by global supertransformations there are two natural questions: existence of the self-interaction and possibility to make supertransformations to be local by switching their interaction with massless spin 3/2 gravitino. At first, we consider a self-interaction for the partially massless spin 2 and massive spin 3/2 which may be considered as the first approximation to partially massless supergravity and provide a direct construction of the minimal (i.e. having no more than one derivative) vertex which resembles usual supergravity. Then we consider localization of global supersymmetry which connects partially massless spin 2 with its two possible superpartners -- massless spin 3/2 and massive with special mass value. For the first case we also managed to construct a minimal vertex having no more that one derivative. Again this vertex can be considered as a part of what can be called partially massless $N=2$ supergravity. As for the second case, the corresponding vertex does exist but it has higher derivative terms.

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On the Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism in d=4

Here we provide a short review on the so-called Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism for the construction of higher spin cubic interactions. Initially it was formulated for the massless fields only, but later on it was extended to the arbitrary collections of massive and massless fields.

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On hypersymmetry in three dimensioons

In this work we presented a number of explicit examples for the cubic vertices describing an interaction of massless spin-5/2 field with massive boson and fermion including all hypertransformations necessary for the vertices to be gauge invariant. Here we restrict ourselves with the massive bosons with spins s=2,1,0 and massive fermions with spins s=3/2,1/2. Our general analysis predicted that the vertex must exist for any boson and fermion with the spin difference 3/2 or 1/2. And indeed it appeared that the vertex exists for all six possible pairs (2,1,0) X (3/2,1/2). As in the case of massive supermultiplets, our construction is based on the gauge invariant description for the massive fields with spins s >= 1. Moreover, we have explicitly checked that all the vertices are invariant also under the gauge symmetries of these massive fields.

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On massive higher spin supermultiplets in d=3

In this paper, using a frame-like gauge invariant formulation of the massive higher spin bosons and fermions, we develop a direct construction of the completely off-shell cubic vertices describing an interaction of the massless gravitino with the massive higher spin supermultiplets. To achieve the invariance under the local supersymmetry we introduce all necessary supertransformations (both for the physical as well as for the auxiliary fields) and thus all the supercurrents constructed are conserved on-shell. As an illustration of the technique used we present some lower superspin examples and then we consider the arbitrary superspin. We also check that the whole construction is completely consistent with all bosonic and fermionic gauge symmetries of the fields entering the supermultiplets.

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Massless spin 2 interacting with massive higher spins in d=3

In this paper we consider massless spin 2 interacting with the massive arbitrary spin fermions in d=3. First of all, we study all possible deformations for the massive fermion unfolded equations in the massless spin 2 background. We find three linearly independent solutions one of which corresponds to the standard gravitational interactions. Then for all three cases we reconstruct appropriate Lagrangian formulation.

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On massive higher spins in d=3

In this paper we consider a frame-like gauge invariant description of massive higher spin bosons and fermions in d=3 and provide for the first time a proof that such formulation does describe just one massive physical degree of freedom with the appropriate helicity. For this purpose we completely fix all the gauge symmetries and show that all other auxiliary components vanish on-shell, while the only remaining highest component satisfies the correct equations. As a bonus, we show that the Lagrangians for the so-called self-dual massive spin-3 and spin-4 fields proposed by Aragone and Khoudeir (as well as their generalization to arbitrary integer and half-integer spins) can be obtained from the gauge invariant ones by the appropriate gauge fixing.

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On higher spin cubic interactions in d=3

In this paper we elaborate on higher spin cubic interactions for massless, massive and partially massless fields. We work in the gauge invariant frame-like multispinor formalism, combining Lagrangian and unfolded formulations.

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On massive spin-2 in the Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism. II. General massive case

In this work we apply the Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism based on the frame-like gauge invariant description of the massive and massless spin 2 to the construction of the cubic interactions vertices for massive spin 2 self-interaction as well as its gravitational interaction. In the first case we show that the vertex can be reduced (by field redefinitions) to the set of the trivially gauge invariant terms. There are four such terms which are not equivalent om-shell and do not contain more than four derivatives. Moreover, one their particular combination reproduces the minimal (with no more than two derivatives) vertex. As for the gravitational vertex, we show that due to the presence of the massless spin 2 there exist two abelian vertices (besides the three trivially gauge invariant ones) which are not equivalent to any trivially gauge invariant terms and can not be removed by field redefinitions. Moreover, their existence appears to be crucial for the possibility to reproduce the minimal two derivatives vertex.

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On massive spin-3/2 in the Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism

One of the possible approaches to the construction of massive higher spin interactions is to use their gauge invariant description based on the introduction of the appropriate set of Stueckelberg fields. Recently, the general properties of such approach were investigated in [1]. The main findings of this work can be formulated in two statements. At first, there always exist enough field redefinitions to bring the vertex into abelian form where there are some corrections to the gauge transformations but the gauge algebra is undeformed. At second, with the further (as a rule higher derivative) field redefinitions one can bring the vertex into trivially gauge invariant form expressed in terms of the gauge invariant objects of the free theory. Our aim in this work is to show (using a simple example) how these general properties are realised in the so-called Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism and to see the effects (if any) that the presence of massless field, and hence of some unbroken gauge symmetries, can produce. As such example we take the gravitational interaction for massive spin-3/2 field so we complete the investigation started in [2] relaxing all restrictions on the number of derivatives and allowed field redefinitions. We show that in spite of the presence of massless spin-2 field, the first statement is still valid, while there exist two abelian vertices which are not equivalent on-shell to the trivially gauge invariant ones. Moreover, it is one of this abelian vertices that reproduce the minimal interaction for massive spin-3/2.

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Cubic interaction vertices for massless higher spin supermultiplets in d=4

We construct a range of supersymmetric cubic vertices for three massless higher spin supermultiplets in the four-dimensional space. We use frame-like multispinor formalism, which allows to avoid most of the technical difficulties and provides a uniform description for bosons and fermions. Our work is based on the so-called Fradkin-Vasiliev formalism for construction of the cubic vertices, which requires the non-zero cosmological constant. Thus we first construct the vertices in AdS space and then consider the flat limit. We show that the AdS supersymmetric vertex is a sum of four elementary vertices for supermultiplet components, while one of the vertices vanishes in the flat limit in agreement with the Metsaev's classification.

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Massless higher spin cubic vertices in flat four dimmensional space

In this paper we construct a number of cubic interaction vertices for massless bosonic and fermionic higher spin fields in flat four dimensional space. First of all, we construct these cubic vertices in AdS_4 space using a so-called Fradkin-Vasiliev approach, which works only for the non-zero cosmological constant. Then we consider a flat limit taking care on all the higher derivative terms which FV-approach generates. We restrict ourselves with the four dimensions because this allows us to use the frame-like multispinor formalism which greatly simplifies all calculations and provides a description for bosons and fermions on equal footing.

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