arXiv subjects

Yue Jiang

Publications and source records attributed to Yue Jiang.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources

arXiv2020

The weak decay $B_c$ to $Z(3930)$ and $X(4160)$ by Bethe-Salpeter method

Considering $Z(3930)$ and $X(4160)$ as $χ_{c2}(2P)$ and $χ_{c2}(3P)$ states, the semileptonic and nonleptonic of $B_c$ decays to $Z(3930)$ and $X(4160)$ are studied by the improved Bethe-Salpeter(B-S) Method. The form factors of decay are calculated through the overlap integrals of the meson wave functions in the whole accessible kinematical range. The influence of relativistic corrections are considered in the exclusive decays. Branching ratios of $B_c$ weak decays to $Z(3930)$ and $X(4160)$ are predicted. Some of the branching ratios are: $Br(B_c^+\to Z(3930)e^+ν_e)$$=(3.03^{+0.09}_{-0.16})\times 10^{-4}$ and $Br(B_c^+\to X(4160)e^+ν_e)$$=(3.55^{+0.83}_{-0.35})\times 10^{-6}$. These results may provide useful information to discover $Z(3930)$ and $X(4160)$ and the necessary information for the phenomenological study of $B_c$ physics.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2020

Relativistic calculations of $R(D^{()})$, $R(D^{()}_s)$, $R(η_c)$ and $R(J/ψ)$

Recently, the deviation of the ratios $R(D)$, $R(D^{*})$ and $R(J/ψ)$ have been found between experimental data and the Standard Model predictions, which may be the hint of New Physics. In this work, we calculate these ratios within the Standard Model by using the improved instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter method. The emphasis is pad to the relativistic correction of the form factors. The results are $R(D)=0.312 ^{+0.006}_{-0.007}$, $R(D^*)= 0.249^{+0.001}_{-0.002}$, $R(D_s)=0.320 ^{+0.009}_{-0.009}$, $R(D^*_s)=0.251 ^{+0.002}_{-0.003}$, $R(η_c)=0.384 ^{+0.032}_{-0.042}$, and $R(J/ψ)=0.267 ^{+0.009}_{-0.011}$, which are consistent with predictions of other models and the experimental data. The semileptonic decay rates and corresponding form factors at zero recoil are also given.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2020

ORCSolver: An Efficient Solver for Adaptive GUI Layout with OR-Constraints

OR-constrained (ORC) graphical user interface layouts unify conventional constraint-based layouts with flow layouts, which enables the definition of flexible layouts that adapt to screens with different sizes, orientations, or aspect ratios with only a single layout specification. Unfortunately, solving ORC layouts with current solvers is time-consuming and the needed time increases exponentially with the number of widgets and constraints. To address this challenge, we propose ORCSolver, a novel solving technique for adaptive ORC layouts, based on a branch-and-bound approach with heuristic preprocessing. We demonstrate that ORCSolver simplifies ORC specifications at runtime and our approach can solve ORC layout specifications efficiently at near-interactive rates.

cs.HC↗

arXiv2019

ORC Layout: Adaptive GUI Layout with OR-Constraints

We propose a novel approach for constraint-based graphical user interface (GUI) layout based on OR-constraints (ORC) in standard soft/hard linear constraint systems. ORC layout unifies grid layout and flow layout, supporting both their features as well as cases where grid and flow layouts individually fail. We describe ORC design patterns that enable designers to safely create flexible layouts that work across different screen sizes and orientations. We also present the ORC Editor, a GUI editor that enables designers to apply ORC in a safe and effective manner, mixing grid, flow and new ORC layout features as appropriate. We demonstrate that our prototype can adapt layouts to screens with different aspect ratios with only a single layout specification, easing the burden of GUI maintenance. Finally, we show that ORC specifications can be modified interactively and solved efficiently at runtime.

cs.HC↗

arXiv2019

Isgur-Wise function in $B_c$ decays to charmonium with the Bethe-Salpeter method

The Isgur-Wise function vastly reduces the weak-decay form factors of hadrons containing one heavy quark. In this paper, we extract the Isgur-Wise functions from the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter method, and give the numerical results for the $B_c$ decays to charmonium where the final states include $1S$, $1P$, $2S$ and $2P$. The overlapping integral of the wave functions for the initial and final states is the Isgur-Wise function, as the heavy quark effective theory does. In the case of accurate calculation, describing form factors need to introduce more relativistic corrections which are the overlapping integrals with the relative momentum between the quark and antiquark to Isgur-Wise function. The relativistic corrections to Isgur-Wise function provide greater contributions especially involving the excited state, and therefore are necessary to be adopted.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Mixing angle and decay constants of $J^P=1^+$ heavy-light mesons

The mass spectra, mixing angle and decay constants of the $J^P=1^+$ heavy-light mesons are systematically studied within the framework of the Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE). The full $1^+$ Salpeter wave function is given for the first time. The mixing between the $1^{+-}$ and $1^{++}$ in the $1^+$ heavy-light systems are automatically determined by the dynamics in the equation without any man-made mixing. The results indicate that in a rigorous study there exists the phenomenon of mixing angle inversion or mass inversion within $1^{+}$ heavy-light doublet, which is sensitive to the $s$-quark mass for the charmed mesons and $u$- or $d$-quark masses for the bottomed mesons. This inversion phenomenon can answer the question of why we have confused mixing angles in the literature and partly explain the lower mass of $D_{s1}(2460)$ compared to that of $D_{s1}(2536)$. The decay constants are also presented and can behave as a good quantity to distinguish the $1^+$ doublet in heavy-light mesons. This study indicates that the light-quark mass may play an important role in deciding the mass order, mixing angle, and decay constant relation between the $\ket{j_l=\frac{3}{2}}$ and $\ket{j_l=\frac{1}{2}}$ heavy-light mesons.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Detection of boson peak and fractal dynamics of disordered system using terahertz spectroscopy

Disordered systems exhibit universal excitation, referred to as the boson peak, in the terahertz region. Meanwhile, the so-called fracton is expected to appear in the nanoscale region owing to the self-similar structure of monomers in polymeric glasses. We demonstrate that such excitations can be detected using terahertz spectroscopy. For the interaction between terahertz light and the vibrational density of states of the fractal structure, we formulate an infrared light-vibration coupling coefficient for the fracton region. Accordingly, we show that information concerning fractal and fracton dimensions appears in the exponent of the absorption coefficient. Finally, using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy and low-frequency Raman scattering, we experimentally observe these universal excitations in a protein lysozyme system that has an intrinsically disordered and self-similar nature in a single supramolecule. These findings are applicable to disordered and polymeric glasses in general and will be key to understanding universal dynamics of disordered systems by terahertz light.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

arXiv2019

Study of the dilepton electromagnetic decays of $χ_{cJ}(1P)$

In this paper, the dilepton electromagnetic decays $χ_{cJ}(1P) \to J/ψe^+e^-$ and $χ_{cJ}(1P) \to Jψμ^+μ^-$, where $χ_{cJ}$ denotes $χ_{c0}$, $χ_{c1}$ and $χ_{c2}$, are calculated systematically in the improved Bethe-Salpeter method. The numerical results of decay widths and the invariant mass distributions of the final lepton pairs are given. The comparison is made with the recently measured experimental data of BESIII. It is shown that for the cases including $e^+e^-$, the gauge invariance is decisive and should be considered carefully. For the processes of $χ_{cJ}(1P) \to J/ψe^+e^-$, the branching fraction are: $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c0}(1P) \to J/ψe^+e^-]=1.06^{+0.16}_{-0.18} \times 10^{-4}$, $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c1}(1P) \to J/ψe^+e^-]=2.88^{+0.50}_{-0.53} \times 10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c2}(1P) \to J/ψe^+e^-]=1.74^{+0.22}_{-0.21} \times 10^{-3}$. The calculated branching fractions of $χ_{cJ}(1P)\to J/ψμ^+μ^-$ channels are: $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c0}(1P) \to J/ψμ^+μ^-]=3.80^{+0.59}_{-0.64} \times 10^{-6}$, $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c1}(1P) \to J/ψμ^+μ^-]=2.04^{+0.36}_{-0.38} \times 10^{-4}$, and $\mathcal{B}[χ_{c2}(1P) \to J/ψμ^+μ^-]=1.66^{+0.19}_{-0.19} \times 10^{-4}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Rates of $D^{}_{0}(2400)$, $ D_J^(3000) $ as the $D^{}_{0}(2P)$ and $D^{}_{0}(3P)$ in $B$ Decays

In this paper, we use the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter method to calculate the semi-leptonic and non-leptonic production of the orbitally excited scalar $ D_0^* $ in $ B $ meson decays. When the final state is $ 1P $ state $ D_0^*(2400) $, our theoretical decay rate is consistent with experimental data. For $ D_J^*(3000) $ final state, which was observed by LHCb collaboration recently and here treated as the orbitally excited scalar $D^{*}_{0}(2P)$, its rate is in the order of $ 10^{-4} \sim 10^{-6}$. We find the special node structure of $D^{*}_{0}(2P)$ wave function possibly results in the suppression of its branching ratio and the abnormal uncertainty. The $3P$ states production rate is in the order of $ 10^{-5}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2019

Anti-Parity-Time Symmetric Optical Four-Wave Mixing in Cold Atoms

Non-Hermitian optical systems with parity-time (PT) symmetry have recently revealed many intriguing prospects that outperform conservative structures. The prevous works are mostly rooted in complex arrangements with controlled gain-loss interplay. Here, we demonstrate anti-PT symmetry inherent in nonlinear optical interactions based upon forward optical four-wave mixing in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble with negligible linear gain and loss. We observe the pair of frequency modes undergo a nontrivial anti-PT phase transition between coherent power oscillation and optical parametric amplification in presence of a large phase mismatch.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2019

All Optical Neural Network with Nonlinear Activation Functions

Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have now been widely used for industry applications and also played more important roles in fundamental researches. Although most ANN hardware systems are electronically based, optical implementation is particularly attractive because of its intrinsic parallelism and low energy consumption. Here, we propose and demonstrate fully-functioned all optical neural networks (AONNs), in which linear operations are programmed by spatial light modulators and Fourier lenses, and optical nonlinear activation functions are realized with electromagnetically induced transparency in laser-cooled atoms. Moreover, all the errors from different optical neurons here are independent, thus the AONN could scale up to a larger system size with final error still maintaining in a similar level of a single neuron. We confirm its capability and feasibility in machine learning by successfully classifying the order and disorder phases of a typical statistic Ising model. The demonstrated AONN scheme can be used to construct various ANNs of different architectures with the intrinsic parallel computation at the speed of light.

physics.optics↗

arXiv2019

The study of light invisible particles in $B_c$ decays

In this paper, we study the light scalar and pseudoscalar invisible particles in the flavor changing neutral current processes of the $B_c$ meson. Effective operators are introduced to describe the couplings between quarks and light invisible particles. The Wilson coefficients are extracted from the experimental results of the $B$ and $D$ mesons, which are used to predict the upper limits of the branching fractions of the similar decay processes for the $B_c$ meson. The hadronic transition matrix element is calculated with the instantaneously approximated Bethe-Salpeter method. The upper limits of the branching fractions when $m_χ$ taking different values are presented. It is found that at some region of $m_χ$, the channel $B_c\to D_s^{(\ast)}χχ$ has the largest upper limit which is of the order of $10^{-6}$, and for $B_c\to D_s^\astχχ^\dagger$, the largest value of the upper limits can achieve the order of $10^{-5}$. Other decay modes, such as $B_c\to D^{(*)}χχ^{(\dagger)}$ and $B_c\to B^{(*)}χχ^{(\dagger)}$, are also considered.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Semi-leptonic decays of $B^\ast$, $B_s^\ast$, and $B_c^\ast$ with the Bethe-Salpeter method

In this paper we study the semileptonic decays of $B^\ast$, $B_s^\ast$, and $B_c^\ast$ by using the Bethe-Salpeter method with instantaneous approximation. Both the $V\to Pl^-\barν_l$ and $V\to Vl^-\barν_l$ cases are considered. The largest partial width of these channels is of the order of $10^{-14}$ GeV. The branching ratios of these semileptonic decays are also estimated by using the partial width of the one photon decay channel to approximate the total width. For $B^{\ast-}\to D^{(\ast)0}e^-\barν_e$ and $B_s^{\ast0}\to D_s^{(\ast)+}e^-\barν_e$, the branching ratios are of the order of $10^{-8}$ and $10^{-7}$, respectively. For $B_c^{\ast-}$, the $J/ψe^-\barν_e$ and $B_s^{\ast0}e^-\barν_e$ channels have the largest branching ratio, which is of the order of $10^{-6}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Relativistic effects in the semileptonic $B_c$ decays to charmonium with the Bethe-Salpeter method

Relativistic effects are important in the rigorous study of heavy quarks. In this paper, we study the relativistic corrections of semileptonic $B_c$ decays to charmonium with the instantaneous Bethe-Salpeter method. Within the Bethe-Salpeter framework, we use two methods to study the relativistic effects. One of them is to expand the transition amplitude in powers of $\vec{q}$ which is the relative momentum between the quark and antiquark, and the other is to expand the amplitude base on the wave functions. In the level of decay width, the results show that, for the transition of $B_c\to η_c$, the relativistic correction is about $22\%$; for $B_c\to J/ψ$, it is about $19\%$; the relativistic effects of $1P$ final states are about $14\sim46\%$ larger than those of $1S$ final states; for $2S$ final states, they are about $19\sim 28\%$ larger than those of $1S$ final states; for $3S$ final states, they are about $12\sim13\%$ larger than those of $2S$ final states; for $2P$ final states, they are about $10\sim14\%$ larger than those of $1P$ final states; for $3P$ final states, they are about $7\sim12\%$ larger than those of $2P$ final states. We conclude that the relativistic corrections of the $B_c$ decays to the orbitally or radially excited charmonium (2S, 3S, 1P, 2P, 3P) are quite large.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Strong Decays of the Orbitally Excited Scalar $D^{*}_{0}$ Mesons

We calculate the two-body strong decays of the orbitally excited scalar mesons $D_0^*(2400)$ and $D_J^*(3000)$ by using the relativistic Bethe-Salpeter (BS) method. $D_J^*(3000)$ was observed recently by the LHCb Collaboration, the quantum number of which has not been determined yet. In this paper, we assume that it is the $0^+(2P)$ state and obtain the transition amplitude by using the PCAC relation, low-energy theorem and effective Lagrangian method. For the $1P$ state, the total widths of $D_0^*(2400)^{0}$ and $ D_0^*(2400)^+$ are 226 MeV and 246 MeV, respectively. With the assumption of $0^+(2P)$ state, the widths of $D_J^*(3000)^0$ and $D_J^*(3000)^+$ are both about 131 MeV, which is close to the present experimental data. Therefore, $D_J^*(3000)$ is a strong candidate for the $2^3P_0$ state.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Doubly-charged scalar in four-body decays of neutral flavored mesons

In this paper, we study the four-body decay processes of neutral flavored mesons, including $\bar K^0$, $D^0$, $\bar B^0$, and $\bar B_s^0$. These processes, which induced by a hypothetical doubly-charged scalar particle, violate the lepton number. The quantity $Br\times\left(\frac{s_Δh_{ij}}{m_Δ^2}\right)^{-2}$ of different channels are calculated, where $s_Δ$, $h_{ij}$, and $M_Δ$ are parameters related to the doubly-charged scalar. For $\bar K^0\rightarrow h_1^+h_2^+l_1^-l_2^-$, $D^0\rightarrow h_1^-h_2^-l_1^+l_2^+$, and $\bar B_{d,s}^0\rightarrow h_1^+h_2^+l_1^-l_2^-$, it is of the order of $10^{-13}\sim 10^{-11}$ ${\rm GeV^4}$, $10^{-17}\sim 10^{-10}$ ${\rm GeV^4}$, and $10^{-17}\sim 10^{-10}$ ${\rm GeV^4}$, respectively. Based on the experimental results for the $D^0\rightarrow h_1^-h_2^-l_1^+l_2^+$ channels, we also set the upper limit for $\frac{s_Δh_{ij}}{M_Δ^2}$.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

The Strong Decays of $P-$wave Mixing Heavy-Light $1^+$ States

Many $P-$wave mixing heavy-light $1^+$ states have not been discovered by experiment, some of them have been discovered but without the information of width, or with large uncertainty widths. In this paper, we study the strong decays of $P-$wave mixing heavy-light $1^+$ states $D^0$, $D^\pm$, $D_s^\pm$, $B^0$, $B^\pm$ and $B_s$ by the improved Bethe-Salpeter(B-S) method in two conditions of mixing angle $θ$: one is $θ=35.3^\circ$; another is considering the correction to mixing angle $θ=35.3^\circ+θ_1$. And we get some valuable predictions of the strong decay widths: $Γ(D_1^{\prime0})=232$ MeV, $Γ(D_1^0)=21.5$ MeV, $Γ(D_1^{\prime\pm})=232$ MeV, $Γ(D_1^\pm)=21.5$ MeV, $Γ(D_{s1}^{\prime\pm})=0.0101$ MeV, $Γ(D_{s1}^{\pm})=0.950$ MeV, $Γ(B_1^{\prime\pm})=263$ MeV, $Γ(B_1^{\pm})=16.8$ MeV, $Γ(B_{s1}^{\prime})=0.01987$ MeV and $Γ(B_{s1})=0.412$ MeV. We find that the decay widths of $D_{s1}^{\pm}$ and $B_{s1}$ are very sensitive to the mixing angle. And our results will provide the theoretical assistance by the future experiments.

hep-ph↗

arXiv2018

Strong decays of $D_J(3000)$ and $D_{sJ}(3040)$

In this paper, we systematically calculate two-body strong decays of newly observed $D_J(3000)$ and $D_{sJ}(3040)$ with 2P$(1^+)$ and 2P$(1^{+\prime})$ assignments in an instantaneous approximation of the Bethe-Salpeter equation method. Our results show that both resonances can be explained as the 2P$(1^{+'})$ with broad width via $^3P_1$ and $^1P_1$ mixing in $D$ and $D_s$ families. For $D_J(3000)$, the total width is 229.6 MeV in our calculation, close to the upper limit of experimental data, and the dominant decay channels are $D_2^*π$, $D^*π$, and $D^*(2600)π$. For $D_{sJ}(3040)$, the total width is 157.4 MeV in our calculation, close to the lower limit of experimental data, and the dominant channels are $D^*K$ and $D^*K^*$. These results are consistent with observed channels in experiments. Given the very little information that has been obtained from experiments and the large error bars of the total decay widths, we recommend the detection of dominant channels in our calculation.

hep-ph↗