arXiv subjects

Yuhito Shibaike

Publications and source records attributed to Yuhito Shibaike.

21 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv2018

Impacts of dust feedback on a dust ring induced by a planet in a protoplanetary disk

When a planet forms a deep gap in a protoplanetary disk, dust grains cannot pass through the gap. As a consequence, the density of the dust grains can increase up to the same level of the density of the gas at the outer edge. The feedback on the gas from the drifting dust grains is not negligible, in such a dusty region. We carried out two-dimensional two-fluid (gas and dust) hydrodynamic simulations. We found that when the radial flow of the dust grains across the gap is halted, a broad ring of the dust grains can be formed because of the dust feedback and the diffusion of the dust grains. The minimum mass of the planet to form the broad dust ring is consistent with the pebble-isolation mass, in the parameter range of our simulations. The broad ring of the dust grains is good environment for the formation of the protoplanetary solid core. If the ring is formed in the disk around the sun-like star at $\sim 2\ \mbox{AU}$, a massive solid core ($\sim 50M_{\oplus}$) can be formed within the ring, which may be connected to the formation of Hot Jupiters holding a massive solid core such as HD 149026b. In the disk of the dwarf star, a number of Earth-sized planets can be formed within the dust ring around $\sim 0.5\ \mbox{AU}$, which potentially explain the planet system made of multiple Earth-sized planets around the dwarf star such as TRAPPIST-1.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2017

Satellitesimal Formation via Collisional Dust Growth in Steady Circumplanetary Disks

The icy satellites around Jupiter are considered to have formed in a circumplanetary disk. While previous models focused on the formation of satellites starting from satellitesimals, the question of how satellitesimals form from smaller dust particles has not been addressed so far. In this work, we study the possibility that satellitesimals form in situ in a circumplanetary disk. We calculate the radial distribution of the surface density and representative size of icy dust particles that grow by colliding with each other and drift toward the central planet in a steady circumplanetary disk with a continuous supply of gas and dust from the parent protoplanetary disk. The radial drift barrier is overcome if the ratio of the dust to gas accretion rates onto the circumplanetary disk, $\dot{M}_{\mathrm{d}}/\dot{M}_{\mathrm{g}}$, is high and the strength of turbulence, $α$, is not too low. The collision velocity is lower than the critical velocity of fragmentation when $α$ is low. Taken together, we find that the conditions for satellitesimal formation via dust coagulation are given by $\dot{M}_{\mathrm{d}}/\dot{M}_{\mathrm{g}}\ge1$ and $10^{-4}\leα<10^{-2}$. The former condition is generally difficult to achieve, suggesting that the in-situ satellitesimal formation via particle sticking is viable only under an extreme condition. We also show that neither satellitesimal formation via the collisional growth of porous aggregates nor via streaming instability is viable as long as $\dot{M}_{\mathrm{d}}/\dot{M}_{\mathrm{g}}$ is low.

astro-ph.EP↗

arXiv2015

Excavation and Melting of the Hadean Continental Crust by Late Heavy Bombardment

No Hadean rocks have ever been found on Earth's surface except for zircons---evidence of continental crust, suggesting that Hadean continental crust existed but later disappeared. One hypothesis for the disappearance of the continental crust is excavation/melting by the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB), a concentration of impacts in the last phase of the Hadean eon. In this paper, we calculate the effects of LHB on Hadean continental crust in order to investigate this hypothesis. Approximating the size-frequency distribution of the impacts by a power-law scaling with an exponent α as a parameter, we have derived semi-analytical expressions for the effects of LHB impacts. We calculated the total excavation/melting volume and area affected by the LHB from two constraints of LHB on the moon, the size of the largest basin during LHB, and the density of craters larger than 20 km. We also investigated the effects of the value of α. Our results show that LHB does not excavate/melt all of Hadean continental crust directly, but over 70% of the Earth's surface area can be covered by subsequent melts in a broad range of α. If there have been no overturns of the continental crust until today, LHB could be responsible for the absence of Hadean rocks because most of Hadean continental crust is not be exposed on the Earth's surface in this case.

astro-ph.EP↗