arXiv subjects

Yunqing Sun

Publications and source records attributed to Yunqing Sun.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

A Mathematical Theory of Hyper-simplex Fractal Network for Blockchain: Part I

Blockchain technology holds promise for Web 3.0, but scalability remains a critical challenge. Here, we present a mathematical theory for a novel blockchain network topology based on fractal N-dimensional simplexes. This Hyper-simplex fractal network folds one-dimensional data blocks into geometric shapes, reflecting both underlying and overlaying network connectivities. Our approach offers near-infinite scalability, accommodating trillions of nodes while maintaining efficiency. We derive the mathematical foundations for generating and describing these network topologies, proving key properties such as node count, connectivity patterns, and fractal dimension. The resulting structure facilitates a hierarchical consensus mechanism and enables deterministic address mapping for rapid routing. This theoretical framework lays the groundwork for next-generation blockchain architectures, potentially revolutionizing large-scale decentralized systems. The Part I work was conducted between March and September 2024.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2024

BE-RAN: Blockchain-enabled Open RAN for 6G with DID and Privacy-Preserving Communication

As 6G networks evolve towards a synergistic system of Communication, Sensing, and Computing, Radio Access Networks become more distributed, necessitating robust end-to-end authentication. We propose Blockchain-enabled Radio Access Networks, a novel decentralized RAN architecture enhancing security, privacy, and efficiency in authentication processes. BE-RAN leverages distributed ledger technology to establish trust, offering user-centric identity management, enabling mutual authentication, and facilitating on-demand point-to-point inter-network elements and UE-UE communication with accountable logging and billing service add-on for public network users, all without relying on centralized authorities. We envision a thoroughly decentralized RAN model and propose a privacy-preserving P2P communication approach that complements existing security measures while supporting the CSC paradigm. Results demonstrate BE-RAN significantly reduces communication and computation overheads, enhances privacy through decentralized identity management, and facilitates CSC integration, advancing towards more efficient and secure 6G networks.

cs.CR↗

arXiv2023

When Web 3.0 Meets Reality: A Hyperdimensional Fractal Polytope P2P Ecosystems

Web 3.0 opens the world of new existence of the crypto-network-entity, which is independently defined by the public key pairs for entities and the connection to the Web 3.0 cyberspace. In this paper, we first discover a spacetime coordinate system based on fractal polytope in any dimensions with discrete time offered by blockchain and consensus. Second, the novel network entities and functions are defined to make use of hyperdimensional deterministic switching and routing protocols and blockchain-enabled mutual authentication. In addition to spacetime network architecture, we also define a multi-tier identity scheme which extends the native Web 3.0 crypto-network-entity to outer cyber and physical world, offering legal-compliant anonymity and linkability to all derived identifiers of entities. In this way, we unify the holistic Web 3.0 network based on persistent spacetime and its entity extension to our cyber and physical world.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2023

A Review of Gaps between Web 4.0 and Web 3.0 Intelligent Network Infrastructure

World Wide Web is speeding up its pace into an intelligent and decentralized ecosystem, as seen in the campaign of Web 3.0 and forthcoming Web 4.0. Marked by the Europe Commission's latest mention of Web 4.0, a race towards strategic Web 4.0 success has started. Web 4.0 is committed to bringing the next technological transition with an open, secure, trustworthy fairness and digital ecosystem for individuals and businesses in private and public sectors. Despite overlapping scopes and objectives of Web 3.0 and Web 4.0 from academic and industrial perspectives, there are distinct and definitive features and gaps for the next generation of WWW. In this review, a brief introduction to WWW development unravels the entangled but consistent requirement of a more vivid web experience, enhancing human-centric experience in both societal and technical aspects. Moreover, the review brings a decentralized intelligence prospect of view on native AI entities for Web 4.0, envisioning sustainable, autonomous and decentralized AI services for the entire Web 4.0 environment, powering a self-sustainable Decentralized Physical and Software Infrastructure for Computing Force Network, Semantic Network, Virtual/Mixed Reality, and Privacy-preserving content presumption. The review aims to reveal that Web 4.0 offers native intelligence with focused thinking on utilizing decentralized physical infrastructure, in addition to sole requirements on decentralization, bridging the gap between Web 4.0 and Web 3.0 advances with the latest future-shaping blockchain-enabled computing and network routing protocols.

cs.NI↗

arXiv2023

deController: A Web3 Native Cyberspace Infrastructure Perspective

Web3 brings an emerging outlook for the value of decentralization, boosting the decentralized infrastructure. People can benefit from Web3, facilitated by the advances in distributed ledger technology, to read, write and own web content, services and applications more freely without revealing their real identities. Although the features and merits of Web3 have been widely discussed, the network architecture of Web3 and how to achieve complete decentralization considering law compliance in Web3 are still unclear. Here, we propose a perspective of Web3 architecture, deController, consisting of underlay and overlay network as Web3 infrastructures to underpin services and applications. The functions of underlay and overlay and their interactions are illustrated. Meanwhile, the security and privacy of Web3 are analyzed based on a novel design of three-tier identities cooperating with deController. Furthermore, the impacts of laws on privacy and cyber sovereignty to achieve Web3 are discussed.

cs.NI↗