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Yunshan Ma

Publications and source records attributed to Yunshan Ma.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

AnalysisBank: An Expert Analysis Pattern Library for Financial Report Generation

We argue that financial report generation should operate at the analytical rather than structural level, composing content from data-derived insights rather than high-level topics or sections. To this end, we propose AnalysisBank, which distills expert reports into a reusable library of Analyses, each pairing a data signal, an analytical move, and the expert span it was derived from. At inference time, AnalysisBank matches input signals to library entries and applies the retrieved moves to compose the report. A study of Analyses distilled from 550 expert reports reveals a heavy-tailed distribution of 47-52 signal types spanning 13 move types. On two financial benchmarks across four LLM backbones, AnalysisBank increases the proportion of novel, data-grounded insights by 1.7-3.7x over structural-level baselines. Transfer to scientific writing suggests that the distinction generalizes beyond finance. Code and the distilled Analysis library are available at https://github.com/yajingyang/AnalysisBank.

cs.AI↗
arXiv2026

FashionKG-RAG: Knowledge Graph-Enhanced Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Fashion Question Answering

Fashion is a knowledge-intensive domain in which effective decision-making depends on integrating multiple types of knowledge. Although Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed many areas, their application in fashion remains limited by hallucinations and weak domain specialization. Knowledge Graph (KG)-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) offers a promising way to add structured knowledge to LLMs. However, existing fashion KGs are typically restricted to product-level attributes or item relations, and fail to capture the broader fashion ecosystem. To bridge these gaps, we propose \textbf{FashionEcoKG}, a comprehensive, domain-wide knowledge graph built with expert-level precision and professionalism. It is constructed through a three-stage agentic pipeline that extracts high-fidelity knowledge cores from authoritative textbooks and strengthens structural connectivity through cross-domain augmentation and generative expansion. To leverage this resource, we further develop \textbf{PG-RAG} (Pruning-Grounding RAG), a training-free framework designed to handle the conceptual density and linguistic noise of fashion queries. Specifically, we introduce a Dual-Granularity Path Re-Ranking (DGPR) module of two stages. The Pruning-based Semantic Ranking (PSR) module distills each query into a skeleton form to improve retrieval recall, while the Grounding-based Agentic Ranking (GAR) performs point-wise scrutiny of candidate paths against the original full query to ensure global relevance. Experiments on a curated fashion QA dataset show that PG-RAG effectively leverages FashionEcoKG to improve retrieval and answer accuracy, outperforming both non-RAG and existing KG-RAG baselines.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

CaIRec: Calibrated Modality Imputation for Incomplete Multimodal Recommendation

Real-world multimodal recommender systems often face incomplete modality observations, where items lack images, text, or other content features. Such incompleteness weakens item representations and degrades recommendation performance. Existing modality imputation methods estimate missing representations from available item content, but two challenges remain. First, they optimize the recovered representation itself without explicitly considering its relations with other modalities of the same item. The completed modalities may therefore form inconsistent cross-modal relations, causing Cross-modal Structural Distortion. Second, even structurally coherent recovered information may remain ineffective for personalized ranking. Recovered representations receive limited ranking-oriented guidance, while modality missingness disrupts the item neighborhoods required for preference propagation, resulting in a Preference Adaptation Gap. To address these challenges, we propose Calibrated Imputation for Incomplete Multimodal Recommendation (CaIRec), a two-stage framework. Structural Imputation Calibration (SIC) estimates missing-modality representations from shared information inferred from available modalities and calibrates their cross-modal organization through structural regularization and correspondence supervision from observed modality pairs. Preference-oriented Representation Calibration (PRC) performs recommendation-specific adaptation at both the representation and relation levels. It constructs pseudo-missing instances to align recovered representations with observed counterparts shaped by ranking supervision in the recommendation space. It further builds completion-aware item graphs by integrating completed content relations with collaborative evidence. Extensive experiments on three datasets under different modality-missing settings demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of CaIRec.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

iTIMO: An LLM-empowered Synthesis Dataset for Travel Itinerary Modification

Addressing itinerary modification is crucial for enhancing the travel experience as it is a frequent requirement during traveling. However, existing research mainly focuses on fixed itinerary planning, leaving modification underexplored due to the scarcity of need-to-modify itinerary data. To bridge this gap, we formally define the itinerary modification task and propose a general pipeline to construct the corresponding dataset, namely iTIMO. This pipeline frames the generation of need-to-modify itinerary data as an intent-driven perturbation task. It instructs large language models to perturb real-world itineraries using three operations: REPLACE, ADD, and DELETE. Each perturbation is grounded in three intents: disruptions of popularity, spatial distance, and category diversity. Furthermore, hybrid evaluation metrics are introduced to ensure perturbation effectiveness. We conduct comprehensive benchmarking on iTIMO to analyze the capabilities and limitations of state-of-the-art LLMs. Overall, iTIMO provides a comprehensive testbed for the modification task, and empowers the evolution of traditional travel recommender systems into adaptive frameworks capable of handling dynamic travel needs. Dataset, code and supplementary materials are available at https://github.com/zelo2/iTIMO.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

ForecastAgentSearch: Towards a Multi-Expert Agent Search System for Geopolitical Event Forecasting

Geopolitical event forecasting is a challenging task, as it requires understanding complex regional contexts, dynamic event signals, and uncertain future outcomes. Recent advances in large language model agents provide new opportunities for building forecasting systems that can reason with diverse sources and expert perspectives. In this paper, we present \textit{ForecastAgentSearch}, a preliminary framework that formulates geopolitical event forecasting as a multi-expert agent search problem. Given a forecasting query, the system first analyzes the task context, then searches and ranks relevant expert agents based on their regional knowledge, domain expertise, reliability, and complementarity. The selected agents provide specialized analyses, which are further coordinated to generate a final forecast with explanations and uncertainty awareness. We discuss the key design challenges of agent profiling, expert retrieval, ranking, and multi-agent coordination, and outline possible evaluation protocols for future development. This work aims to provide an initial step toward searchable and reliable agent-based forecasting systems.

cs.MA↗
arXiv2026

CFALR: Collaborative Filtering-Augmented Large Language Model for Personalized Fashion Outfit Recommendation

Personalized outfit recommendation poses a significant challenge in e-commerce and social media platforms, requiring systems that balance user preferences with aesthetic compatibility. Collaborative filtering (CF) provides a traditional solution for this, but it struggles with data-sparse scenarios and complex user-item-outfit relationships. Meanwhile, existing template-based approaches are constrained by rigid pre-designed structures. To bridge these research gaps, we introduce CFALR (Collaborative Filtering-Augmented Large Language Model for Recommendation), a novel framework that synergizes collaborative filtering with large language models for personalized outfit recommendation. Specifically, CFALR describes user-outfit interactions in natural language and leverages LLMs to capture fashion semantics while employing CF-enhanced embeddings to bridge the semantic space and the collaborative interaction spaces. Our technical contributions include: (1) the first LLM-based architecture specifically designed for personalized outfit recommendation, (2) a CF-augmented generative mechanism that efficiently navigates the extensive combination space of outfit items, and (3) trainable projection layers that optimally integrate relational and content features. Experiments on Polyvore and IQON benchmarks demonstrate CFALR's superior performance over both traditional CF-based and LLM-based methods in personalized fill-in-the-blank and personalized outfit generation tasks.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

Dynamic Spectral Denoising with Global-Context Attention for Multi-Behavior Recommendation

Multi-behavior recommendation improves target-behavior prediction by exploiting heterogeneous auxiliary feedback (e.g., view, collect, and cart), yet its robustness is undermined by behavior-dependent noise and inconsistency. We argue that the key bottleneck is a representation-level failure caused by two coupled heterogeneities. First, intra-behavior representation entanglement arises when multi-hop propagation blends incidental signals with true preferences in the embedding space, making coarse spatial denoising unable to suppress noise without sacrificing informative niche signals. Second, inter-behavior reliability heterogeneity complicates cross-behavior fusion because the predictive value of auxiliary behaviors varies across users and contexts. Without reliability calibration, frequent yet unreliable signals may dominate aggregation and cause target-intent drift. To address this bottleneck, we propose Dynamic Spectral Denoising with Global-Context Attention for Multi-Behavior Recommendation (SpectraMB), a target-oriented model that performs representation purification before reliability-aware fusion. SpectraMB introduces Dynamic Feature-Level Spectral Filtering, which re-parameterizes embeddings along the feature dimension into a feature-frequency space and learns view-adaptive spectral modulation under target supervision, enabling component-wise purification without hand-crafted frequency assumptions. It further proposes Global-Context Attention Fusion, which uses a purified global representation as a context anchor to assess view compatibility and perform reliability-aware aggregation, while a residual global backbone preserves collaborative structure. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets show that SpectraMB achieves the best results in most evaluation settings and exhibits improved robustness under noisy interactions.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

Dual-Diffusional Generative Fashion Recommendation

Personalized generative recommender systems have emerged as a promising solution for fashion recommendation. However, existing methods primarily rely on implicit visual embeddings from historical interactions, which often contain preference-irrelevant information and result in insufficient user behavior modeling. Moreover, these models typically generate only item images, providing limited interpretability. To address these limitations, we propose DualFashion, a Dual-Diffusional Generative Fashion Recommendation Architecture that jointly models image and text modalities for personalized and explainable recommendation. DualFashion adopts a dual-diffusion Transformer with image and text branches, where structured attribute-level captions and visual outfit information are jointly used as conditioning signals to model user behavior. The proposed architecture produces both fashion item images and textual descriptions, ensuring visual compatibility while providing explicit semantic interpretability. Furthermore, we introduce a text-augmented fine-tuning strategy that enhances generation diversity and enables effective cross-modal knowledge transfer without incurring heavy computational costs. Extensive experiments on iFashion and Polyvore-U across Personalized Fill-in-the-Blank and Generative Outfit Recommendation tasks demonstrate that DualFashion achieves strong performance in behavior modeling, interpretability, and efficiency compared to state-of-the-art methods. Our code and model checkpoints are available at https://github.com/LinkMingzhe/DualFashion.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

Frozen LVLMs for Micro-Video Recommendation: A Systematic Study of Feature Extraction and Fusion

Frozen Large Video Language Models (LVLMs) are increasingly employed in micro-video recommendation due to their strong multimodal understanding. However, their integration lacks systematic empirical evaluation: practitioners typically deploy LVLMs as fixed black-box feature extractors without systematically comparing alternative representation strategies. To address this gap, we present the first systematic empirical study along two key design dimensions: (i) integration strategies with ID embeddings, specifically replacement versus fusion, and (ii) feature extraction paradigms, comparing LVLM-generated captions with intermediate decoder hidden states. Extensive experiments on representative LVLMs reveal three key principles: (1) intermediate hidden states consistently outperform caption-based representations, as natural-language summarization inevitably discards fine-grained visual semantics crucial for recommendation; (2) ID embeddings capture irreplaceable collaborative signals, rendering fusion strictly superior to replacement; and (3) the effectiveness of intermediate decoder features varies significantly across layers. Guided by these insights, we propose the Dual Feature Fusion (DFF) Framework, a lightweight and plug-and-play approach that adaptively fuses multi-layer representations from frozen LVLMs with item ID embeddings. DFF achieves state-of-the-art performance on two real-world micro-video recommendation benchmarks, consistently outperforming strong baselines and providing a principled approach to integrating off-the-shelf large vision-language models into micro-video recommender systems.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

Scattered Hypothesis Generation for Open-Ended Event Forecasting

Despite the importance of open-ended event forecasting for risk management, current LLM-based methods predominantly target only the most probable outcomes, neglecting the intrinsic uncertainty of real-world events. To bridge this gap, we advance open-ended event forecasting from pinpoint forecasting to scatter forecasting by introducing the proxy task of hypothesis generation. This paradigm aims to generate an inclusive and diverse set of hypotheses that broadly cover the space of plausible future events. To this end, we propose SCATTER, a reinforcement learning framework that jointly optimizes inclusiveness and diversity of the hypothesis. Specifically, we design a novel hybrid reward that consists of three components: 1) a validity reward that measures semantic alignment with observed events, 2) an intra-group diversity reward to encourage variation within sampled responses, and 3) an inter-group diversity reward to promote exploration across distinct modes. By integrating the validity-gated score into the overall objective, we confine the exploration of wildly diversified outcomes to contextually plausible futures, preventing the mode collapse issue. Experiments on two real-world benchmark datasets, i.e., OpenForecast and OpenEP, demonstrate that SCATTER significantly outperforms strong baselines. Our code is available at https://github.com/Sambac1/SCATTER.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

MAB-DQA: Addressing Query Aspect Importance in Document Question Answering with Multi-Armed Bandits

Document Question Answering (DQA) involves generating answers from a document based on a user's query, representing a key task in document understanding. This task requires interpreting visual layouts, which has prompted recent studies to adopt multimodal Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) that processes page images for answer generation. However, in multimodal RAG, visual DQA struggles to utilize a large number of images effectively, as the retrieval stage often retains only a few candidate pages (e.g., Top-4), causing informative but less visually salient content to be overlooked in favor of common yet low-information pages. To address this issue, we propose a Multi-Armed Bandit-based DQA framework (MAB-DQA) to explicitly model the varying importance of multiple implicit aspects in a query. Specifically, MAB-DQA decomposes a query into aspect-aware subqueries and retrieves an aspect-specific candidate set for each. It treats each subquery as an arm and uses preliminary reasoning results from a small number of representative pages as reward signals to estimate aspect utility. Guided by an exploration-exploitation policy, MAB-DQA dynamically reallocates retrieval budgets toward high-value aspects. With the most informative pages and their correlations, MAB-DQA generates the expected results. On four benchmarks, MAB-DQA shows an average improvement of 5%-18% over the state-of-the-art method, consistently enhancing document understanding. Codes are available at https://github.com/ElephantOH/MAB-DQA.

cs.CL↗
arXiv2026

FashionStylist: An Expert Knowledge-enhanced Multimodal Dataset for Fashion Understanding

Fashion understanding requires both visual perception and expert-level reasoning about style, occasion, compatibility, and outfit rationale. However, existing fashion datasets remain fragmented and task-specific, often focusing on item attributes, outfit co-occurrence, or weak textual supervision, and thus provide limited support for holistic outfit understanding. In this paper, we introduce FashionStylist, an expert-annotated benchmark for holistic and expert-level fashion understanding. Constructed through a dedicated fashion-expert annotation pipeline, FashionStylist provides professionally grounded annotations at both the item and outfit levels. It supports three representative tasks: outfit-to-item grounding, outfit completion, and outfit evaluation. These tasks cover realistic item recovery from complex outfits with layering and accessories, compatibility-aware composition beyond co-occurrence matching, and expert-level assessment of style, season, occasion, and overall coherence. Experimental results show that FashionStylist serves not only as a unified benchmark for multiple fashion tasks, but also as an effective training resource for improving grounding, completion, and outfit-level semantic evaluation in MLLM-based fashion systems.

cs.CV↗
arXiv2026

Less Approximates More: Harmonizing Performance and Confidence Faithfulness via Hybrid Post-Training for High-Stakes Tasks

Large language models are increasingly deployed in high-stakes tasks, where confident yet incorrect inferences may cause severe real-world harm, bringing the previously overlooked issue of confidence faithfulness back to the forefront. A promising solution is to jointly optimize unsupervised Reinforcement Learning from Internal Feedback (RLIF) with reasoning-trace-guided Reasoning Distillation (RD), which may face three persistent challenges: scarcity of high-quality training corpora, factually unwarranted overconfidence and indiscriminate fusion that amplifies erroneous updates. Inspired by the human confidence accumulation from uncertainty to certainty, we propose Progressive Reasoning Gain (PRG) to measure whether reasoning steps progressively strengthen support for the final answer. Furthermore, we introduce HyTuning, a hybrid post-training framework that adaptively reweights RD and RLIF via a PRG-style metric, using scarce supervised reasoning traces as a stable anchor while exploiting abundant unlabeled queries for scalability. Experiments on several domain-specific and general benchmarks demonstrate that HyTuning improves accuracy while achieving confidence faithfulness under limited supervision, supporting a practical "Less Approximates More" effect.

cs.LG↗
arXiv2026

AttackSeqBench: Benchmarking the Capabilities of LLMs for Attack Sequences Understanding

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) reports document observations of cyber threats, synthesizing evidence about adversaries' actions and intent into actionable knowledge that informs detection, response, and defense planning. However, the unstructured and verbose nature of CTI reports poses significant challenges for security practitioners to manually extract and analyze such sequences. Although large language models (LLMs) exhibit promise in cybersecurity tasks such as entity extraction and knowledge graph construction, their understanding and reasoning capabilities towards behavioral sequences remains underexplored. To address this, we introduce AttackSeqBench, a benchmark designed to systematically evaluate LLMs' reasoning abilities across the tactical, technical, and procedural dimensions of adversarial behaviors, while satisfying Extensibility, Reasoning Scalability, and Domain-dpecific Epistemic Expandability. We further benchmark 7 LLMs, 5 LRMs and 4 post-training strategies across 3 benchmark settings and 3 benchmark tasks within our AttackSeqBench to identify their advantages and limitations in such specific domain. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of LLM-driven CTI report understanding and foster its application in cybersecurity operations. Our code of benchmark construction and evaluation and the corresponding dataset are available at: https://github.com/hulkima/AttackSeqBench.

cs.CR↗
arXiv2026

Reasoning on Time-Series for Financial Technical Analysis

While Large Language Models have been used to produce interpretable stock forecasts, they mainly focus on analyzing textual reports but not historical price data, also known as Technical Analysis. This task is challenging as it switches between domains: the stock price inputs and outputs lie in the time-series domain, while the reasoning step should be in natural language. In this work, we introduce Verbal Technical Analysis (VTA), a novel framework that combine verbal and latent reasoning to produce stock time-series forecasts that are both accurate and interpretable. To reason over time-series, we convert stock price data into textual annotations and optimize the reasoning trace using an inverse Mean Squared Error (MSE) reward objective. To produce time-series outputs from textual reasoning, we condition the outputs of a time-series backbone model on the reasoning-based attributes. Experiments on stock datasets across U.S., Chinese, and European markets show that VTA achieves state-of-the-art forecasting accuracy, while the reasoning traces also perform well on evaluation by industry experts.

q-fin.ST↗
arXiv2026

MusicSem: A Semantically Rich Language--Audio Dataset of Natural Music Descriptions

Music representation learning is central to music information retrieval and generation. While recent advances in multimodal learning have improved alignment between text and audio for tasks such as cross-modal music retrieval, text-to-music generation, and music-to-text generation, existing models often struggle to capture users' expressed intent in natural language descriptions of music. This observation suggests that the datasets used to train and evaluate these models do not fully reflect the broader and more natural forms of human discourse through which music is described. In this paper, we introduce MusicSem, a dataset of 32,493 language-audio pairs derived from organic music-related discussions on the social media platform Reddit. Compared to existing datasets, MusicSem captures a broader spectrum of musical semantics, reflecting how listeners naturally describe music in nuanced and human-centered ways. To structure these expressions, we propose a taxonomy of five semantic categories: descriptive, atmospheric, situational, metadata-related, and contextual. In addition to the construction, analysis, and release of MusicSem, we use the dataset to evaluate a wide range of multimodal models for retrieval and generation, highlighting the importance of modeling fine-grained semantics. Overall, MusicSem serves as a novel semantics-aware resource to support future research on human-aligned multimodal music representation learning.

cs.MM↗
arXiv2026

An item is worth one token in Multimodal Large Language Models-based Sequential Recommendation

Sequential recommendations (SR) predict users' future interactions based on their historical behavior. The rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought powerful generative and reasoning capabilities, significantly enhancing SR performance, while Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) further extend this by introducing data like images and interactive relationships. However, critical issues remain, i.e., (a) Suboptimal item representations caused by lengthy and redundant descriptions, leading to inefficiencies in both training and inference; (b) Modality-related cognitive bias, as LLMs are predominantly pretrained on textual data, limiting their ability to effectively integrate and utilize non-textual modalities; (c) Weakening sequential perception in long interaction sequences, where attention mechanisms struggle to capture earlier interactions, hindering the modeling of long-range dependencies. To address these issues, we propose Speeder, an efficient MLLM-based paradigm for SR featuring three key innovations: 1) Multimodal Representation Compression (MRC), which condenses item attributes into concise yet informative tokens, reducing redundancy and computational cost; 2) Modality-aware Progressive Optimization (MPO), enabling gradual learning of multimodal representations; 3) Sequential Position Awareness Enhancement (SPAE), improving the LLM's capability to capture both relative and absolute sequential dependencies in long interaction sequences. Extensive experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of Speeder. Speeder increases training speed to 250% of the original while reducing inference time to 25% on the Amazon dataset.

cs.IR↗
arXiv2026

Generalizable Multimodal Large Language Model Editing via Invariant Trajectory Learning

Knowledge editing emerges as a crucial technique for efficiently correcting incorrect or outdated knowledge in large language models (LLM). Existing editing methods rely on a rigid mapping from parameter or module modifications to output, which causes the generalization limitation in Multimodal LLM (MLLM). In this paper, we reformulate MLLM editing as an out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization problem, where the goal is to discern semantic shift with factual shift and thus achieve robust editing among diverse cross-modal prompting. The key challenge of this OOD problem lies in identifying invariant causal trajectories that generalize accurately while suppressing spurious correlations. To address it, we propose ODEdit, a plug-and-play invariant learning based framework that optimizes the tripartite OOD risk objective to simultaneously enhance editing reliability, locality, and generality.We further introduce an edit trajectory invariant learning method, which integrates a total variation penalty into the risk minimization objective to stabilize edit trajectories against environmental variations. Theoretical analysis and extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of ODEdit.

cs.LG↗