arXiv subjects

Yunwei Li

Publications and source records attributed to Yunwei Li.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2026

SinD 2.0: A Multi-City UAV Dataset with Semantic Risk Annotations for SOTIF-Oriented Safety Validation at Signalized Intersections

Safety validation at signalized intersections remains a critical bottleneck for the deployment of autonomous driving systems (ADS), as these scenarios involve dense heterogeneous traffic, contested right of way, and long-tail safety-critical interactions, posing significant challenges to the Safety of the Intended Functionality (SOTIF). Existing naturalistic driving datasets often suffer from geographical homogeneity, sparsity of safety-critical events, and lack of semantic risk annotations, which limit the evaluation of algorithmic generalizability and targeted SOTIF verification. To address these gaps, this paper introduces SinD 2.0, a large-scale drone-based intersection dataset dedicated to cross-domain ADS safety analysis. The main contributions of SinD 2.0 are: (1) Cross-domain diversity: It covers six signalized intersections across four Chinese cities, capturing distinct intersection topologies and regional driving behavior characteristics; (2) High-density risk interactions: A total of 32,682 safety-critical events are extracted via surrogate safety measures, significantly enriching the density of boundary test scenarios; (3) Hierarchical semantic annotations: Besides integration with high-definition (HD) maps and Signal Phase and Timing (SPaT) data, it provides multi-dimensional semantic labels including traffic violations, high-risk interactions, visual shielding, and narrow feasible areas; (4) Full-stack testing toolchain: It supports automated scenario extraction, prediction-only evaluation, open-loop replay, reactive closed-loop testing, and photorealistic rendering. Benchmark experiments demonstrate that SinD 2.0 exhibits significant domain shifts across cities, and the semantic risk subsets can effectively expose the performance limitations of ADS algorithms. The dataset, annotations, and testing toolchain are available at https://github.com/SOTIF-AVLab/SinD/tree/main.

cs.RO↗

arXiv2025

AI Load Dynamics--A Power Electronics Perspective

As AI-driven computing infrastructures rapidly scale, discussions around data center design often emphasize energy consumption, water and electricity usage, workload scheduling, and thermal management. However, these perspectives often overlook the critical interplay between AI-specific load transients and power electronics. This paper addresses that gap by examining how large-scale AI workloads impose unique demands on power conversion chains and, in turn, how the power electronics themselves shape the dynamic behavior of AI-based infrastructure. We illustrate the fundamental constraints imposed by multi-stage power conversion architectures and highlight the key role of final-stage modules in defining realistic power slew rates for GPU clusters. Our analysis shows that traditional designs, optimized for slower-varying or CPU-centric workloads, may not adequately accommodate the rapid load ramps and drops characteristic of AI accelerators. To bridge this gap, we present insights into advanced converter topologies, hierarchical control methods, and energy buffering techniques that collectively enable robust and efficient power delivery. By emphasizing the bidirectional influence between AI workloads and power electronics, we hope this work can set a good starting point and offer practical design considerations to ensure future exascale-capable data centers can meet the stringent performance, reliability, and scalability requirements of next-generation AI deployments.

cs.AR↗

arXiv2024

From Black Box to Clarity: AI-Powered Smart Grid Optimization with Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks

This work is the first to adopt Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN), a recent breakthrough in artificial intelligence, for smart grid optimizations. To fully leverage KAN's interpretability, a general framework is proposed considering complex uncertainties. The stochastic optimal power flow problem in hybrid AC/DC systems is chosen as a particularly tough case study for demonstrating the effectiveness of this framework.

eess.SY↗

arXiv2024

From Transformer to Biology: A Hierarchical Model for Attention in Complex Problem-Solving

Attention is fundamental to cognition, yet it remains a challenge to understand attention in tasks approaching real-world complexity. Here, we approached this problem by modeling gaze patterns of monkeys playing Pac-Man. We first show a transformer network trained to reproduce their gameplay developed internal attention patterns closely matching the monkeys' eye movements. By dissecting the network's attention, we revealed a hierarchical structure comprising two components: a value-based layer encoding fixed object salience, coupled with a dynamic interaction layer tracking relational information between game elements. We further developed a condensed model in which reward-driven attention serves as a gain modulator and is integrated with spatial attention maps, predicting attention as well as the transformer. Together, our study pioneers the use of AI architectures as analytical tools and bridges mechanistic interpretability with cognitive neuroscience to yield novel, testable insights into how the brain coordinates reward, spatial cognition, and attention in complex environments.

q-bio.NC↗