Searcharxiv⌕ Search

arXiv subjects

Yusheng Zhao

Publications and source records attributed to Yusheng Zhao.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Similarities and Differences in the Fermiology of Kagome Metals AV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ (A=K, Rb, Cs) Revealed by Shubnikov-de Haas Oscillations

Materials with AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A=K, Rb, Cs) stoichiometry are recently discovered kagome superconductors with the electronic structure featuring a Dirac band, van Hove singularities and flat bands. These systems undergo anomalous charge-density-wave (CDW) transitions at $T_{\rm CDW}$~80-100 K, resulting in the reconstruction of the Fermi surface from the pristine phase. Although comprehensive investigations of the electronic structure via quantum oscillations (QOs) have been performed on the sister compounds CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ and RbV$_3$Sb$_5$, a detailed QO study of KV$_3$Sb$_5$ is so far absent. Here, we report the Shubnikov-de Haas QO study in KV$_3$Sb$_5$. We resolve a large number of new frequencies with the highest frequency of 2202 T (occupying ~54% of the Brillouin zone area in the $k_x$-$k_y$ plane). The Lifshitz-Kosevich analysis further gives relatively small cyclotron effective masses, and the angular dependence study reveals the two-dimensional nature of the frequencies with a sufficient signal-to-noise ratio. Finally, we compare the QO spectra for all three AV$_3$Sb$_5$ compounds collected under the same conditions, enabling us to point out the similarities and differences across these systems. Our results fill in the gap of the QO study in KV$_3$Sb$_5$ and provide valuable data to understand the band structure of all three members of AV$_3$Sb$_5$.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Anomalous Hall effect and two-dimensional Fermi surfaces in the charge-density-wave state of kagome metal RbV$_3$Sb$_5$

AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A=Cs, K, Rb) are recently discovered superconducting systems ($T_{\rm c}\sim0.9-2.5$ K) in which the vanadium atoms adopt the kagome structure. Intriguingly, these systems enter a charge-density-wave (CDW) phase ($T_{\rm CDW}\sim80-100$ K), and further evidence shows that the time-reversal symmetry is broken in the CDW phase. Concurrently, the anomalous Hall effect has been observed in KV$_3$Sb$_5$ and CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ inside the novel CDW phase. Here, we report a comprehensive study of a high-quality RbV$_3$Sb$_5$ single crystal with magnetotransport measurements. Our data demonstrate the emergence of anomalous Hall effect in RbV$_3$Sb$_5$ when the charge-density-wave state develops. The magnitude of anomalous Hall resistivity at the low temperature limit is comparable to the reported values in KV$_3$Sb$_5$ and CsV$_3$Sb$_5$. The magnetoresistance channel further reveals a rich spectrum of quantum oscillation frequencies, many of which have not been reported before. In particular, a large quantum oscillation frequency (2235 T), which occupies $\sim$56% of the Brillouin zone area, has been recorded. For the quantum oscillation frequencies with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio, we further perform field-angle dependent measurements and our data indicate two-dimensional Fermi surfaces in RbV$_3$Sb$_5$. Our results provide indispensable information for understanding the anomalous Hall effect and band structure in kagome metals AV$_3$Sb$_5$.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Nodeless superconductivity in kagome metal CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ with and without time reversal symmetry breaking

The kagome metal CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ features an unusual competition between the charge-density-wave (CDW) order and superconductivity. Evidence for time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB) inside the CDW phase has been accumulating. Hence, the superconductivity in CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ emerges from a TRSB normal state, potentially resulting in an exotic superconducting state. To reveal the pairing symmetry, we first investigate the effect of nonmagnetic impurity. Our results show that the superconducting critical temperature is insensitive to disorder, pointing to conventional $s$-wave superconductivity. Moreover, our measurements of the self-field critical current ($I_{c,sf}$), which is related to the London penetration depth, also confirm conventional $s$-wave superconductivity with strong coupling. Finally, we measure $I_{c,sf}$ where the CDW order is removed by pressure and superconductivity emerges from the pristine normal state. Our results show that $s$-wave gap symmetry is retained, providing strong evidence for the presence of conventional $s$-wave superconductivity in CsV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ irrespective of the presence of the TRSB

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Simulating large-size quantum spin chains on cloud-based superconducting quantum computers

Quantum computers have the potential to efficiently simulate large-scale quantum systems for which classical approaches are bound to fail. Even though several existing quantum devices now feature total qubit numbers of more than one hundred, their applicability remains plagued by the presence of noise and errors. Thus, the degree to which large quantum systems can successfully be simulated on these devices remains unclear. Here, we report on cloud simulations performed on several of IBM's superconducting quantum computers to simulate ground states of spin chains having a wide range of system sizes up to one hundred and two qubits. We find that the ground-state energies extracted from realizations across different quantum computers and system sizes reach the expected values to within errors that are small (i.e. on the percent level), including the inference of the energy density in the thermodynamic limit from these values. We achieve this accuracy through a combination of physics-motivated variational Ansatzes, and efficient, scalable energy-measurement and error-mitigation protocols, including the use of a reference state in the zero-noise extrapolation. By using a 102-qubit system, we have been able to successfully apply up to 3186 CNOT gates in a single circuit when performing gate-error mitigation. Our accurate, error-mitigated results for random parameters in the Ansatz states suggest that a standalone hybrid quantum-classical variational approach for large-scale XXZ models is feasible.

quant-ph↗

Target-Driven Structured Transformer Planner for Vision-Language Navigation

Vision-language navigation is the task of directing an embodied agent to navigate in 3D scenes with natural language instructions. For the agent, inferring the long-term navigation target from visual-linguistic clues is crucial for reliable path planning, which, however, has rarely been studied before in literature. In this article, we propose a Target-Driven Structured Transformer Planner (TD-STP) for long-horizon goal-guided and room layout-aware navigation. Specifically, we devise an Imaginary Scene Tokenization mechanism for explicit estimation of the long-term target (even located in unexplored environments). In addition, we design a Structured Transformer Planner which elegantly incorporates the explored room layout into a neural attention architecture for structured and global planning. Experimental results demonstrate that our TD-STP substantially improves previous best methods' success rate by 2% and 5% on the test set of R2R and REVERIE benchmarks, respectively. Our code is available at https://github.com/YushengZhao/TD-STP .

cs.CV↗

Giant viscoelasticity near Mott criticality in PbCrO3 with large lattice anomalies

Coupling of charge and lattice degrees of freedom in materials can produce intriguing electronic phenomena, such as conventional superconductivity where the electrons are mediated by lattice for creating supercurrent. The Mott transition, which is a source for many fascinating emergent behaviors, is originally thought to be driven solely by correlated electrons with an Ising criticality. Recent studies on the known Mott systems have shown that the lattice degree of freedom is also at play, giving rise to either Landau or unconventional criticality. However, the underlying coupling mechanism of charge and lattice degrees of freedom around the Mott critical endpoint remains elusive, leading to difficulties in understanding the associated Mott physics. Here we report a study of Mott transition in cubic PbCrO3 by measuring the lattice parameter, using high-pressure x-ray diffraction techniques. The Mott criticality in this material is revealed with large lattice anomalies, which is governed by giant viscoelasticity that presumably results from a combination of lattice elasticity and electron viscosity. Because of the viscoelastic effect, the lattice of this material behaves peculiarly near the critical endpoint, inconsistent with any existing university classes. We argue that the viscoelasticity may play as a hidden degree of freedom behind the Mott criticality.

cond-mat.str-el↗

Fragile pressure-induced magnetism in FeSe superconductors with a thickness reduction

The emergence of high transition temperature ($T_c$) superconductivity in bulk FeSe under pressure is associated with the tuning of nematicity and magnetism. However, sorting out the relative contributions from magnetic and nematic fluctuations to the enhancement of $T_c$ remains challenging. Here, we design and conduct a series of high-pressure experiments on FeSe thin flakes. We find that, as the thickness decreases, the nematic phase boundary on temperature-pressure phase diagrams remains robust while the magnetic order is significantly weakened. A local maximum of $T_c$ is observed outside the nematic phase region, not far from the extrapolated nematic endpoint in all samples. However, the maximum $T_c$ value is reduced associated with the weakening of magnetism. No high-$T_c$ phase is observed in the thinnest sample. Our results strongly suggest that nematic fluctuations alone can only have a limited effect while magnetic fluctuations are pivotal on the enhancement of $T_c$ in FeSe.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

TransRefer3D: Entity-and-Relation Aware Transformer for Fine-Grained 3D Visual Grounding

Recently proposed fine-grained 3D visual grounding is an essential and challenging task, whose goal is to identify the 3D object referred by a natural language sentence from other distractive objects of the same category. Existing works usually adopt dynamic graph networks to indirectly model the intra/inter-modal interactions, making the model difficult to distinguish the referred object from distractors due to the monolithic representations of visual and linguistic contents. In this work, we exploit Transformer for its natural suitability on permutation-invariant 3D point clouds data and propose a TransRefer3D network to extract entity-and-relation aware multimodal context among objects for more discriminative feature learning. Concretely, we devise an Entity-aware Attention (EA) module and a Relation-aware Attention (RA) module to conduct fine-grained cross-modal feature matching. Facilitated by co-attention operation, our EA module matches visual entity features with linguistic entity features while RA module matches pair-wise visual relation features with linguistic relation features, respectively. We further integrate EA and RA modules into an Entity-and-Relation aware Contextual Block (ERCB) and stack several ERCBs to form our TransRefer3D for hierarchical multimodal context modeling. Extensive experiments on both Nr3D and Sr3D datasets demonstrate that our proposed model significantly outperforms existing approaches by up to 10.6% and claims the new state-of-the-art. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work investigating Transformer architecture for fine-grained 3D visual grounding task.

cs.CV↗

Calibration of manganin pressure gauge for diamond-anvil cells

Pressure calibration for most diamond-anvil cell (DAC) experiments is mainly based on the ruby scale, which is key to implement this powerful tool for high-pressure study. However, the ruby scale can often hardly be used for programmably-controlled DAC devices, especially the piezoelectric-driving cells, where a continuous pressure calibration is required. In this work, we present an effective pressure gauge for DACs made of manganin metal, based on the four-probe resistivity measurements. Pressure dependence of its resistivity is well established and shows excellent linear relations in the 0 - 30 GPa pressure range with a slope of 23.4 (9) GPa for the first-cycle compression, in contrast to that of multiple-cycle compression and decompression having a nearly identical slope of 33.7 (4) GPa likely due to the strain effect. In addition, such-established manganin scale can be used for continuously monitoring the cell pressure of piezoelectric-driving DACs, and the reliability of this method is also verified by the fixed-point method with a Bi pressure standard. Realization of continuous pressure calibration for programmably-controlled DACs would offer many opportunities for study of dynamics, kinetics, and critical behaviors of pressure-induced phase transitions.

physics.app-ph↗

Object Hider: Adversarial Patch Attack Against Object Detectors

Deep neural networks have been widely used in many computer vision tasks. However, it is proved that they are susceptible to small, imperceptible perturbations added to the input. Inputs with elaborately designed perturbations that can fool deep learning models are called adversarial examples, and they have drawn great concerns about the safety of deep neural networks. Object detection algorithms are designed to locate and classify objects in images or videos and they are the core of many computer vision tasks, which have great research value and wide applications. In this paper, we focus on adversarial attack on some state-of-the-art object detection models. As a practical alternative, we use adversarial patches for the attack. Two adversarial patch generation algorithms have been proposed: the heatmap-based algorithm and the consensus-based algorithm. The experiment results have shown that the proposed methods are highly effective, transferable and generic. Additionally, we have applied the proposed methods to competition "Adversarial Challenge on Object Detection" that is organized by Alibaba on the Tianchi platform and won top 7 in 1701 teams. Code is available at: https://github.com/FenHua/DetDak

cs.CV↗

Pressure-dependent Intermediate Magnetic Phase in Thin Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$ Flakes

We investigated the evolution of ferromagnetism in layered Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$ flakes under different pressures and temperatures using in situ magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. We found that the rectangle shape of hysteretic loop under an out-of-plane magnetic field sweep can sustain below 7 GPa. Above that pressure, an intermediate state appears at low temperature region signaled by an 8-shaped skew hysteretic loop. Meanwhile, the coercive field and Curie temperature decrease with increasing pressures, implying the decrease of the exchange interaction and the magneto-crystalline anisotropy under pressures. The intermediate phase has a labyrinthine domain structure, which is attributed to the increase of ratio of exchange interaction to magneto-crystalline anisotropy based on Jagla's theory. Moreover, our calculation results reveal a weak structural transition around 6 GPa, which leads to a drop of the magnetic momentum of Fe ions.

cond-mat.mes-hall↗

Core-level x-ray photoemission and Raman spectroscopy studies on electronic structures in Mott-Hubbard type nickelate oxide NdNiO$_2$

We perform core-level X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) and electronic Raman scattering studies of electronic structures and spin fluctuations in the bulk samples of the nickelate oxide NdNiO$_2$. According to Nd $3d$ and O $1s$ XPS spectra, we conclude that NdNiO$_2$ has a large transfer energy. From the analysis of the main line of the Ni $2p_{3/2}$ XPS, we confirm the NiO$_2$ planes in NdNiO$_2$ are of Mott-Hubbard type in the Zaanen-Sawatzky-Allen scheme. The two-magnon peak in the Raman scattering provides direct evidence for the strong spin-fluctuation in NdNiO$_2$. The peak position determines the antiferromagnetic exchange $J=25$~meV. Our experimental results agree well with our previous theoretical results.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Pressure-driven switching of magnetism in layered CrCl3

Layered transition-metal compounds with controllable magnetic behaviors provide many fascinating opportunities for the fabrication of high-performance magneto-electric and spintronic devices. The tuning of their electronic and magnetic properties is usually limited to the change of layer thickness, electrostatic doping, and the control of electric and magnetic fields. However, pressure has been rarely exploited as a control parameter for tailoring their magneto-electric properties. Here, we report a unique pressure-driven isostructural phase transition in layered CrCl3 accompanied by a simultaneous switching of magnetism from a ferromagnetic to an antiferromagnetic ordering. Our experiments, in combination with ab initio calculations, demonstrate that such a magnetic transformation hinders the band-gap collapse under pressure, leading to an anomalous semiconductor-to-semiconductor transition. Our findings not only reveal high potential of CrCl3 in electronic and spintronic applications under ambient and extreme conditions but also establish the basis for exploring unusual phase transitions in layered transition-metal compounds.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Pressure-controlled Structural Symmetry Transition in Layered InSe

Structural symmetry of crystals plays important roles in physical properties of two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly in the nonlinear optics regime. It has been a long-term exploration on the physical properties in 2D materials with various stacking structures, which correspond to different structural symmetries. Usually, the manipulation of rotational alignment between layers in 2D heterostructures has been realized at the synthetic stage through artificial stacking like assembling Lego bricks. However, the reconfigurable control of translational symmetry of crystalline structure is still challenging. High pressure, as a powerful external control knob, provides a very promising route to circumvent this constraint. Here, we experimentally demonstrate a pressure-controlled symmetry transition in layered InSe. The continuous and reversible evolution of structural symmetries can be in-situ monitored by using the polarization-resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy. As pressure changes, the reconfigurable symmetry transition of the SHG pattern from three-fold rotational symmetry to mirror symmetry was experimentally observed in a layered InSe samples and was successfully explained by the proposed interlayer-translation model. This opens new routes towards potential applications of manipulating crystal symmetry of 2D materials.

physics.optics↗

Enhanced Structural Stability and Photo Responsiveness of CH3NH3SnI3 Perovskite via Pressure-Induced Amorphization and Recrystallization

An organic-inorganic halide perovskite of CH3NH3SnI3 with significantly improved structural stability is obtained via pressure-induced amorphization and recrystallization. In situ high-pressure resistance measurements reveal an increased electrical conductivity by 300% in the pressure-treated perovskite. Photocurrent measurements also reveal a substantial enhancement in visible-light responsiveness. The mechanism underlying the enhanced properties is demonstrated to be associated with the improved structural stability.

cond-mat.mtrl-sci↗

Ultrahigh Pressure Superconductivity in Molybdenum Disulfide

Superconductivity commonly appears under pressure in charge density wave (CDW)-bearing transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), but has emerged so far only via either intercalation with electron donors or electrostatic doping in CDW-free TMDs. Theoretical calculations have predicted that the latter should be metallized through bandgap closure under pressure, but superconductivity remained elusive in pristine 2H-MoS2 upon substantial compression, where a pressure of up to 60 GPa only evidenced the metallic state. Here we report the emergence of superconductivity in pristine 2H-MoS2 at 90 GPa. The maximum onset transition temperature Tc(onset) of 11.5 K, the highest value among TMDs and nearly constant from 120 up to 200 GPa, is well above that obtained by chemical doping but comparable to that obtained by electrostatic doping. Tc(onset) is more than an order of magnitude larger than present theoretical expectations, raising questions on either the current calculation methodologies or the mechanism of the pressure-induced pairing state. Our findings strongly suggest further experimental and theoretical efforts directed toward the study of the pressure-induced superconductivity in all CDW-free TMDs.

cond-mat.supr-con↗

Pressure-induced isostructural phase transition and correlation of FeAs coordination with the superconducting properties of 111-type Na1-xFeAs

The effect of pressure on the crystalline structure and superconducting transition temperature (Tc) of the 111-type Na1-xFeAs system using in situ high pressure synchrotron x-ray powder diffraction and diamond anvil cell techniques is studied. A pressure-induced tetragonal to tetragonal isostructural phase transition was found. The systematic evolution of the FeAs4 tetrahedron as a function of pressure based on Rietveld refinements on the powder x-ray diffraction patterns was obtained. The non-monotonic Tc(P) behavior of Na1-xFeAs is found to correlate with the anomalies of the distance between the anion (As) and the iron layer as well as the bond angle between As-Fe-As for the two tetragonal phases. This behavior provides the key structural information in understanding the origin of the pressure dependence of Tc for 111-type iron pnictide superconductors. A pressure-induced structural phase transition is also observed at 20 GPa.

cond-mat.supr-con↗