arXiv subjects

Z. Fodor

Publications and source records attributed to Z. Fodor.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources

arXiv2016

Measurements of $π^{\pm}$ differential yields from the surface of the T2K replica target for incoming 31 GeV/c protons with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Measurements of particle emission from a replica of the T2K 90 cm-long carbon target were performed in the NA61/SHINE experiment at CERN SPS, using data collected during a high-statistics run in 2009. An efficient use of the long-target measurements for neutrino flux predictions in T2K requires dedicated reconstruction and analysis techniques. Fully-corrected differential yields of $π^\pm$-mesons from the surface of the T2K replica target for incoming 31 GeV/c protons are presented. A possible strategy to implement these results into the T2K neutrino beam predictions is discussed and the propagation of the uncertainties of these results to the final neutrino flux is performed.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations in inelastic proton-proton interactions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Measurements of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations of charged particles were performed in inelastic p+p interactions at 20, 31, 40, 80 and 158 GeV/c beam momentum. Results for the scaled variance of the multiplicity distribution and for three strongly intensive measures of multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations \$Δ[P_{T},N]\$, \$Σ[P_{T},N]\$ and \$Φ_{p_T}\$ are presented. For the first time the results on fluctuations are fully corrected for experimental biases. The results on multiplicity and transverse momentum fluctuations significantly deviate from expectations for the independent particle production. They also depend on charges of selected hadrons. The string-resonance Monte Carlo models EPOS and UrQMD do not describe the data. The scaled variance of multiplicity fluctuations is significantly higher in inelastic p+p interactions than in central Pb+Pb collisions measured by NA49 at the same energy per nucleon. This is in qualitative disagreement with the predictions of the Wounded Nucleon Model. Within the statistical framework the enhanced multiplicity fluctuations in inelastic p+p interactions can be interpreted as due to event-by-event fluctuations of the fireball energy and/or volume.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

The QCD equation of state at finite density from analytical continuation

We determine the equation of state of QCD at finite chemical potential, to order $(μ_B/T)^6$, for a system of 2+1 quark flavors. The simulations are performed at the physical mass for the light and strange quarks on several lattice spacings; the results are continuum extrapolated using lattices of up to $N_t=16$ temporal resolution. The QCD pressure and interaction measure are calculated along the isentropic trajectories in the $(T,~μ_B)$ plane corresponding to the RHIC Beam Energy Scan collision energies. Their behavior is determined through analytic continuation from imaginary chemical potentials of the baryonic density. We also determine the Taylor expansion coefficients around $μ_B=0$ from the simulations at imaginary chemical potentials. Strangeness neutrality and charge conservation are imposed, to match the experimental conditions.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Lattice QCD for Cosmology

We present a full result for the equation of state (EoS) in 2+1+1 (up/down, strange and charm quarks are present) flavour lattice QCD. We extend this analysis and give the equation of state in 2+1+1+1 flavour QCD. In order to describe the evolution of the universe from temperatures several hundreds of GeV to several tens of MeV we also include the known effects of the electroweak theory and give the effective degree of freedoms. As another application of lattice QCD we calculate the topological susceptibility (chi) up to the few GeV temperature region. These two results, EoS and chi, can be used to predict the dark matter axion's mass in the post-inflation scenario and/or give the relationship between the axion's mass and the universal axionic angle, which acts as a initial condition of our universe.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Production of deuterium, tritium, and $^3$He in central Pb+Pb collisions at 20A, 30A, 40A, 80A, and 158A GeV at the CERN SPS

Production of $d$, $t$, and $^3$He nuclei in central Pb+Pb interactions was studied at five collision energies ($\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 6.3, 7.6, 8.8, 12.3, and 17.3 GeV) with the NA49 detector at the CERN SPS. Transverse momentum spectra, rapidity distributions, and particle ratios were measured. Yields are compared to predictions of statistical models. Phase-space distributions of light nuclei are discussed and compared to those of protons in the context of a coalescence approach. The coalescence parameters $B_2$ and $B_3$, as well as coalescence radii for $d$ and $^3$He were determined as a function of transverse mass at all energies.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2016

Centrality dependence of subthreshold $ϕ$ meson production in Ni+Ni collisions at 1.9A GeV

We analysed the $ϕ$ meson production in central Ni+Ni collisions at the beam kinetic energy of 1.93A GeV with the FOPI spectrometer and found the production probability per event of $[8.6 ~\pm~ 1.6 ~(\text{stat}) \pm 1.5 ~(\text{syst})] \times 10^{-4}$. This new data point allows for the first time to inspect the centrality dependence of the subthreshold $ϕ$ meson production in heavy-ion collisions. The rise of $ϕ$ meson multiplicity per event with mean number of participants can be parameterized by the power function with exponent $α= 1.8 \pm 0.6$. The ratio of $ϕ$ to $\text{K}^-$ production yields seems not to depend within the experimental uncertainties on the collision centrality, and the average of measured values was found to be $0.36 \pm 0.05$.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2016

Strange meson production in Al+Al collisions at 1.9A GeV

The production of K$^+$, K$^-$ and $φ$(1020) mesons is studied in Al+Al collisions at a beam energy of 1.9A GeV which is close or below the production threshold in NN reactions. Inverse slopes, anisotropy parameters, and total emission yields of K$^{\pm}$ mesons are obtained. A comparison of the ratio of kinetic energy distributions of K$^-$ and K$^+$ mesons to the HSD transport model calculations suggests that the inclusion of the in-medium modifications of kaon properties is necessary to reproduce the ratio. The inverse slope and total yield of $ϕ$ mesons are deduced. The contribution to K$^-$ production from $ϕ$ meson decays is found to be [17 $\pm$ 3 (stat) $^{+2}_{-7}$ (syst)] %. The results are in line with previous K$^{\pm}$ and $ϕ$ data obtained for different colliding systems at similar incident beam energies.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2016

Lattice computation of the nucleon scalar quark contents at the physical point

We present a QCD calculation of the $u$, $d$ and $s$ scalar quark contents of nucleons based on $47$ lattice ensembles with $N_f = 2+1$ dynamical sea quarks, $5$ lattice spacings down to $0.054\,\text{fm}$, lattice sizes up to $6\,\text{fm}$ and pion masses down to $120\,\text{MeV}$. Using the Feynman-Hellmann theorem, we obtain $f^N_{ud} = 0.0405(40)(35)$ and $f^N_s = 0.113(45)(40)$, which translates into $σ_{πN}=38(3)(3)\,\text{MeV}$, $σ_{sN}=105(41)(37)\,\text{MeV}$ and $y_N=0.20(8)(8)$ for the sigma terms and the related ratio, where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic. Using isospin relations, we also compute the individual up and down quark contents of the proton and neutron (results in the main text).

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Up and down quark masses and corrections to Dashen's theorem from lattice QCD and quenched QED

In a previous letter (arXiv:1306.2287) we determined the isospin mass splittings of the baryon octet from a lattice calculation based on quenched QED and $N_f{=}2{+}1$ QCD simulations with 5 lattice spacings down to $0.054~\mathrm{fm}$, lattice sizes up to $6~\mathrm{fm}$ and average up-down quark masses all the way down to their physical value. Using the same data we determine here the corrections to Dashen's theorem and the individual up and down quark masses. For the parameter which quantifies violations to Dashens's theorem, we obtain $ε=0.73(2)(5)(17)$, where the first error is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is an estimate of the QED quenching error. For the light quark masses we obtain, $m_u=2.27(6)(5)(4)~\mathrm{MeV}$ and $m_d=4.67(6)(5)(4)~\mathrm{MeV}$ in the $\bar{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme at $2~\mathrm{GeV}$ and the isospin breaking ratios $m_u/m_d=0.485(11)(8)(14)$, $R=38.2(1.1)(0.8)(1.4)$ and $Q=23.4(0.4)(0.3)(0.4)$. Our results exclude the $m_u=0$ solution to the strong CP problem by more than $24$ standard deviations.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Production of $Λ$ hyperons in inelastic p+p interactions at 158 GeV/$c$

Inclusive production of $Λ$-hyperons was measured with the large acceptance NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS in inelastic p+p interactions at beam momentum of 158~\GeVc. Spectra of transverse momentum and transverse mass as well as distributions of rapidity and x$_{_F}$ are presented. The mean multiplicity was estimated to be $0.120\,\pm0.006\;(stat.)\,\pm 0.010\;(sys.)$. The results are compared with previous measurements and predictions of the EPOS, UrQMD and FRITIOF models.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Sigma term and strangeness content of octet baryons

By using lattice QCD computations we determine the sigma terms and strangeness content of all octet baryons by means of an application of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem. In addition to polynomial and rational expressions for the quark mass dependence of octet members, we use SU(3) covariant baryon chiral perturbation theory to perform the extrapolation to the physical up and down quark masses. Our N_f=2+1 lattice ensembles include pion masses down to about 190 MeV in large volumes (M_πL > 4), and three values of the lattice spacing. Our main results are the nucleon sigma term σ_{πN} = 39(4)(^{+18}_{-7}) and the strangeness content y_{N} = 0.20(7)(^{+13}_{-17}). Under the assumption of validity of covariant baryon χPT in our range of masses one finds y_{N} = 0.276(77)(^{+90}_{-62}).

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Measurements of $π^\pm$, $K^\pm$, $K^0_S$, $Λ$ and proton production in proton-carbon interactions at 31 GeV/$c$ with the NA61/SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS

Measurements of hadron production in p+C interactions at 31 GeV/c are performed using the NA61/ SHINE spectrometer at the CERN SPS. The analysis is based on the full set of data collected in 2009 using a graphite target with a thickness of 4% of a nuclear interaction length. Inelastic and production cross sections as well as spectra of $π^\pm$, $K^\pm$, p, $K^0_S$ and $Λ$ are measured with high precision. These measurements are essential for improved calculations of the initial neutrino fluxes in the T2K long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment in Japan. A comparison of the NA61/SHINE measurements with predictions of several hadroproduction models is presented.

hep-ex↗

arXiv2016

Towards the QCD phase diagram from analytical continuation

We calculate the QCD cross-over temperature, the equation of state and fluctuations of conserved charges at finite density by analytical continuation from imaginary to real chemical potentials. Our calculations are based on new continuum extrapolated lattice simulations using the 4stout staggered actions with a lattice resolution up to $N_t=16$. The simulation parameters are tuned such that the strangeness neutrality is maintained, as it is in heavy ion collisions.

nucl-th↗

arXiv2015

The QCD phase diagram from analytic continuation

We present the crossover line between the quark gluon plasma and the hadron gas phases for small real chemical potentials. First we determine the effect of imaginary values of the chemical potential on the transition temperature using lattice QCD simulations. Then we use various formulas to perform an analytic continuation to real values of the baryo-chemical potential. Our data set maintains strangeness neutrality to match the conditions of heavy ion physics. The systematic errors are under control up to $μ_B\approx 300$ MeV. For the curvature of the transition line we find that there is an approximate agreement between values from three different observables: the chiral susceptibility, chiral condensate and strange quark susceptibility. The continuum extrapolation is based on $N_t=$ 10, 12 and 16 lattices. By combining the analysis for these three observables we find, for the curvature, the value $κ= 0.0149 \pm 0.0021$.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

Critical fluctuations of the proton density in A+A collisions at $158A$ GeV

We look for fluctuations expected for the QCD critical point using an intermittency analysis in the transverse momentum phase space of protons produced around midrapidity in the 12.5\% most central C+C, Si+Si and Pb+Pb collisions at the maximum SPS energy of 158$A$~GeV. We find evidence of power-law fluctuations for the Si+Si data. The fitted power-law exponent $ϕ_{2} = 0.96^{+0.38}_{-0.25}\text{ (stat.)}$ $\pm 0.16\text{ (syst.)}$ is consistent with the va\-lue expected for critical fluctuations. Power-law fluctuations had previously also been observed in low-mass $π^+ π^-$ pairs in the same Si+Si collisions.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2015

Complex Langevin dynamics for dynamical QCD at nonzero chemical potential: a comparison with multi-parameter reweighting

We study lattice QCD at non-vanishing chemical potential using the complex Langevin equation. We compare the results with multi-parameter reweighting both from $μ=0$ and phase quenched ensembles. We find a good agreement for lattice spacings below $\approx$0.15 fm. On coarser lattices the complex Langevin approach breaks down. Four flavors of staggered fermions are used on $N_t=4, 6$ and 8 lattices. For one ensemble we also use two flavors to investigate the effects of rooting.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2015

Measurement of event-by-event transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations using strongly intensive measures $Δ[P_T, N]$ and $Σ[P_T, N]$ in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron

Results from the NA49 experiment at the CERN SPS are presented on event-by-event transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations of charged particles, produced at forward rapidities in central Pb+Pb interactions at beam momenta 20$A$, 30$A$, 40$A$, 80$A$, and 158$A$ GeV/c, as well as in systems of different size ($p+p$, C+C, Si+Si, and Pb+Pb) at 158$A$ GeV/c. This publication extends the previous NA49 measurements of the strongly intensive measure $Φ_{p_T}$ by a study of the recently proposed strongly intensive measures of fluctuations $Δ[P_T, N]$ and $Σ[P_T, N]$. In the explored kinematic region transverse momentum and multiplicity fluctuations show no significant energy dependence in the SPS energy range. However, a remarkable system size dependence is observed for both $Δ[P_T, N]$ and $Σ[P_T, N]$, with the largest values measured in peripheral Pb+Pb interactions. The results are compared with NA61/SHINE measurements in $p+p$ collisions, as well as with predictions of the UrQMD and EPOS models.

nucl-ex↗

arXiv2015

Axion cosmology, lattice QCD and the dilute instanton gas

Axions are one of the most attractive dark matter candidates. The evolution of their number density in the early universe can be determined by calculating the topological susceptibility $χ(T)$ of QCD as a function of the temperature. Lattice QCD provides an ab initio technique to carry out such a calculation. A full result needs two ingredients: physical quark masses and a controlled continuum extrapolation from non-vanishing to zero lattice spacings. We determine $χ(T)$ in the quenched framework (infinitely large quark masses) and extrapolate its values to the continuum limit. The results are compared with the prediction of the dilute instanton gas approximation (DIGA). A nice agreement is found for the temperature dependence, whereas the overall normalization of the DIGA result still differs from the non-perturbative continuum extrapolated lattice results by a factor of order ten. We discuss the consequences of our findings for the prediction of the amount of axion dark matter.

hep-lat↗