arXiv subjects

Zhe Xing

Publications and source records attributed to Zhe Xing.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Assisted Localization in OFDM Systems with Carrier Frequency Offset and Phase Noise

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted communication systems have been extensively studied for providing high-precision location services. However, most studies have overlooked the impact of carrier frequency offset (CFO) and phase noise (PN) resulting from hardware impairments on localization. This paper presents a novel, alternating optimization (AO)-based algorithm to jointly estimate the CFO, PN, and user equipment (UE) position in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems, where, provided the UE position, closed-form expressions for the CFO and PN are derived per iteration, significantly reducing the complexity and enhancing the stability of the algorithm. Another important aspect is a new RIS phase shift optimization algorithm developed to minimize the analytical lower bound of localization accuracy, hence benefiting localization. The semidefinite relaxation method and Schur complement are utilized to convexify this challenging non-convex optimization problem to a semidefinite program. Simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms, with the localization accuracy enhanced by two orders of magnitude. The localization accuracy of the proposed algorithm is close to the analytical lower bound, with a root mean square error of lower than $\rm 10^{-2} \: m$.

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arXiv2022

Joint Active and Passive Beamforming Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication

To exploit the potential of the RIS in supporting ISAC, this paper proposes a novel joint active and passive beamforming design for RIS-enabled ISAC system in consideration of the target size. First, the detection probability for target sensing is derived in closed-form based on the illumination power on an approximated scattering surface area of the target, and a new concept of ultimate detection resolution (UDR) is defined for the first time to measure the target detection capability. Then, an optimization problem is formulated to maximize the SNR at the UE under a minimum detection probability constraint. To solve the non-convex problem, a novel alternative optimization approach is developed. In this approach, the solutions of the communication and sensing beamformers are obtained by our proposed bisection-search based method. The optimal receive combining vector is derived from an equivalent Rayleigh-quotient problem. To optimize the RIS phase shifts, the Charnes-Cooper transformation is conducted to cope with the fractional objective, and a novel convexification process is proposed to convexify the detection probability constraint with matrix operations and a real-valued first-order Taylor expansion. After the convexification, a successive convex approximation (SCA) based algorithm is designed to yield a suboptimal phase-shift solution. Finally, the overall optimization algorithm is built, followed by detailed analysis on its computational complexity, convergence behavior and problem feasibility condition. Extensive simulations are carried out to testify the analytical properties of the proposed beamforming design, and to reveal two important trade-offs, namely, communication vs. sensing trade-off and UDR vs. sensing-duration trade-off. In comparison with several existing benchmarks, our proposed approach is validated to be superior when detecting targets with practical sizes.

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arXiv2021

Location Information Assisted Beamforming Design for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Aided Communication Systems

In reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems, in order to overcome the limitation of the conventional channel state information (CSI) acquisition techniques, this paper proposes a location information assisted beamforming design without the requirement of the conventional channel training process. First, we establish the geometrical relation between the channel model and the user location, based on which we derive an approximate CSI error bound based on the user location error by means of Taylor approximation, triangle and power mean inequalities, and semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Second, for combating the uncertainty of the location error, we formulate a worst-case robust beamforming optimization problem. To solve the problem efficiently, we develop a novel iterative algorithm by utilizing various optimization tools such as Lagrange multiplier, matrix inversion lemma, SDR, as well as branch-and-bound (BnB). Additionally, we provide sufficient conditions for the SDR to output rank-one solutions, and modify the BnB algorithm to acquire the phase shift solution under an arbitrary constraint of possible phase shift values. Finally, we analyse the algorithm convergence and complexity, and carry out simulations to validate the theoretical derivation of the CSI error bound and the robustness of the proposed algorithm. Compared with the existing non-robust approach and the robust beamforming techniques based on S-procedure and penalty convex-concave procedure (CCP), our method can converge more quickly and achieve better performance in terms of the worst-case signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver.

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arXiv2021

Secure and Energy Efficient Transmission for IRS-Assisted Cognitive Radio Networks

The spectrum efficiency (SE) and security of the secondary users (SUs) in the cognitive radio networks (CRNs) have become two main issues due to the limitation interference to the primary users (PUs) and the shared spectrum with the PUs. Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has been recently proposed as a revolutionary technique which can help to enhance the SE and physical layer security of wireless communications. This paper investigates the application of IRS in an underlay CRN, where a multi-antenna cognitive base station (CBS) utilizes spectrum assigned to the PU to communicate with a SU via IRS in the presence of multiple coordinated eavesdroppers (Eves). To achieve the trade-off between the secrecy rate (SR) and energy consumption, we investigate the secrecy energy efficiency (SEE) maximization problem by jointly designing the transmit beamforming at the CBS and the reflect beamforming at the IRS. To solve the non-convex problem with coupled variables, we propose an iterative alternating optimization algorithm to solve the sub-problems alternately, by utilizing an iterative penalty function based algorithm for sub-problem 1 and the difference of two-convex functions method for sub-problem 2. Furthermore, we provide a second-order-cone-programming (SOCP) approximation approach to reduce the computational complexity. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that IRS can help significantly improve the SE and enhance the physical layer security in the CRNs. Moreover, the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed algorithm in achieving the trade-off between the SR and energy consumption are verified.

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arXiv2021

Joint Location and Communication Study for Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Wireless Communication System

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a novel burgeoning concept, which possesses advantages in enhancing wireless communication and user localization, while maintaining low hardware cost and energy consumption. Herein, we establish an IRS-aided mmWave-MIMO based joint localization and communication system (IMM-JLCS), and probe into its performance evaluation and optimization design. Specifically, first, we provide the signal, channel and estimation error models, and contrive the working process of the IMM-JLCS in detail. Then, by configuring appropriate IRS phase shifts, we derive the closed-form expressions of the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) of the position/orientation estimation errors and the effective achievable data rate (EADR), with respect to the time allocation ratio of the beam alignment and localization stage (BALS). Subsequently, we investigate the trade-off between the two performance metrics, for which we propose a joint optimization algorithm. Finally, we carry out simulations and comparisons to view the trade-off and validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, in the presence of distinct levels of estimation uncertainty and user mobility. Our results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can find the joint optimal solution for the position/orientation estimation accuracy and EADR, with its optimization performance being robust to slight localization or channel estimation errors and user mobility.

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arXiv2020

Achievable Rate Analysis and Phase Shift Optimization on Intelligent Reflecting Surface with Hardware Impairments

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is envisioned as a promising hardware solution to hardware cost and energy consumption in the fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication network. It exhibits great advantages in enhancing data transmission, but may suffer from performance degradation caused by inherent hardware impairment (HWI). For analysing the achievable rate (ACR) and optimizing the phase shifts in the IRS-aided wireless communication system with HWI, we consider that the HWI appears at both the IRS and the signal transceivers. On this foundation, first, we derive the closed-form expression of the average ACR and the IRS utility. Then, we formulate optimization problems to optimize the IRS phase shifts by maximizing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the receiver side, and obtain the solution by transforming non-convex problems into semidefinite programming (SDP) problems. Subsequently, we compare the IRS with the conventional decode-and-forward (DF) relay in terms of the ACR and the utility. Finally, we carry out simulations to verify the theoretical analysis, and evaluate the impact of the channel estimation errors and residual phase noises on the optimization performance. Our results reveal that the HWI reduces the ACR and the IRS utility, and begets more serious performance degradation with more reflecting elements. Although the HWI has an impact on the IRS, it still leaves opportunities for the IRS to surpass the conventional DF relay, when the number of reflecting elements is large enough or the transmitting power is sufficiently high.

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