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Zhenheng Li

Publications and source records attributed to Zhenheng Li.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2019

Congruences on Orthogonal Rook Monoids and Symplectic Rook Monoids

We give a complete classification of all nonuniform congruences on orthogonal rook monoids and symplectic rook monoids. We find that there are four kinds of nonuniform congruences on the orthogonal rook monoids ${OR}_n$ for even $n\ne 4$, and we describe each kind of the congruences explicitly in terms of normal subgroups of maximal subgroups. We also find that if $n = 4$, there are six kinds of nonuniform congruences on ${OR}_4$, and we describe these congruences using both $\mathcal{H}$-relations and certain normal subgroups of some maximal subgroups. In contrast, we find that there is only one kind of congruences on the symplectic rook monoids for all even $n\ge 2.$

math.GR↗
arXiv2017

Lattice Path Enumeration and Its Applications in Representation Theory

In this paper, we enumerate lattice paths with certain constraints and apply the corresponding results to develop formulas for calculating the dimensions of submodules of a class of modules for planar upper triangular rook monoids. In particular, we show that the famous Catalan numbers appear as the dimensions of some special modules; we also obtain some combinatorial identities

math.CO↗
arXiv2016

Infinite-dimensional reductive monoids associated to highest weight representations of Kac-Moody groups

Starting with a highest weight representation of a Kac-Moody group over the complex numbers, we construct a monoid whose unit group is the image of the Kac-Moody group under the representation, multiplied by the nonzero complex numbers. We show that this monoid has similar properties to those of a J-irreducible reductive linear algebraic monoid. In particular, the monoid is unit regular and has a Bruhat decomposition, and the idempotent lattice of the generalized Renner monoid of the Bruhat decomposition is isomorphic to the face lattice of the convex hull of the Weyl group orbit of the highest weight.

math.RT↗
arXiv2016

Modules and Structures of Planar Upper Triangular Rook Monoids

In this paper, we discuss modules and structures of the planar upper triangular rook monoid B_n. We first show that the order of B_n is a Catalan number, then we investigate the properties of a module V over B_n generated by a set of elements v_S indexed by the power set of {1, ..., n}. We find that every nonzero submodule of V is cyclic and completely decomposable; we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a submodule of V to be indecomposable. We show that every irreducible submodule of V is 1-dimensional. Furthermore, we give a formula for calculating the dimension of every submodule of V. In particular, we provide a recursive formula for calculating the dimension of the cyclic module generated by v_S, and show that some dimensions are Catalan numbers, giving rise to new combinatorial identities.

math.RT↗
arXiv2016

$(μ, ρ, β)$-Extension of $3$-Lie algebras

We study an extension algebra $A$ from two given $3$-Lie algebras $M$ and $H$, and discuss the extensibility of a pair of derivations, one from the derivation algebra of $M$ and the other from that of $H$, to a derivation of $A$. In particular, we give conditions for such an extension to be a $3$-Lie algebra, and provide necessary and sufficient conditions of the pair of derivations to be extendable.

math.RA↗
arXiv2016

Infinite-dimensional reductive monoids associated to highest weight representations of Kac-Moody groups

Starting with a highest weight representation of a Kac-Moody group over the complex numbers, we construct a monoid whose unit group is the image of the Kac-Moody group under the representation, multiplied by the nonzero complex numbers. We show that this monoid has similar properties to those of a J-irreducible reductive linear algebraic monoid. In particular, the monoid is unit regular and has a Bruhat decomposition, and the idempotent lattice of the generalized Renner monoid of the Bruhat decomposition is isomorphic to the face lattice of the convex hull of the Weyl group orbit of the highest weight.

math.RT↗
arXiv2015

Infinite Dimensional 3-Lie Algebras and Their Connections to Harish-Chandra Modules

In this paper we construct two kinds of infinite-dimensional 3-Lie algebras from a given commutative associative algebra, and show that they are all canonical Nambu 3-Lie algebras. We relate their inner derivation algebras to Witt algebras, and then study the regular representations of these 3-Lie algebras and the natural representations of the inner derivation algebras. In particular, for the second kind of 3-Lie algebras, we find that their regular representations are Harish-Chandra modules, and the inner derivation algebras give rise to intermediate series modules of the Witt algebras and contain the smallest full toroidal Lie algebras without center.

math.RT↗
arXiv2015

Cross-section Lattices of ${\mathcal J}$-irreducible Monoids and Orbit Structures of Weight Polytopes

Let $λ$ be a dominant weight of a finite dimensional simple Lie algebra and $W$ the Weyl group. The convex hull of $Wλ$ is defined as the weight polytope of $λ$. We provide a new proof that there is a natural bijection between the set of orbits of the nonempty faces of the weight polytope under the action of the Weyl group and the set of the connected subdiagrams of the extended Dynkin diagram that contain the extended node $\{-λ\}$. We show that each face of the polytope can be transformed to a standard parabolic face. We also show that a standard parabolic face is the convex hull of the orbit of a parabolic subgroup of $W$ acting on the dominant weight. In addition, we find that the linear space spanned by a face is in fact spanned by roots.

math.RT↗
arXiv2012

Conjugacy Classes of Renner Monoids

In this paper we describe conjugacy classes of a Renner monoid $R$ with unit group $W$, the Weyl group. We show that every element in $R$ is conjugate to an element $ue$ where $u\in W$ and $e$ is an idempotent in a cross section lattice. Denote by $W(e)$ and $W_*(e)$ the centralizer and stabilizer of $e\in Λ$ in $W$, respectively. Let $W(e)$ act by conjugation on the set of left cosets of $W_*(e)$ in $W$. We find that $ue$ and $ve$ ($u, v\in W$) are conjugate if and only if $uW_*(e)$ and $vW_*(e)$ are in the same orbit. As consequences, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the conjugacy classes of $R$ and the orbits of this action. We then obtain a formula for calculating the number of conjugacy classes of $R$, and describe in detail the conjugacy classes of the Renner monoid of some $\cal J$-irreducible monoids. We then generalize the Munn conjugacy on a rook monoid to any Renner monoid and show that the Munn conjugacy coincides with the semigroup conjugacy, action conjugacy, and character conjugacy. We also show that the number of inequivalent irreducible representations of $R$ over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero equals the number of the Munn conjugacy classes in $R$.

math.RT↗
arXiv2012

On 3-Lie algebras with abelian ideals and subalgebras

In this paper, we study the maximal dimension $α(L)$ of abelian subalgebras and the maximal dimension $β(L)$ of abelian ideals of m-dimensional 3-Lie algebras $L$ over an algebraically closed field. We show that these dimensions do not coincide if the field is of characteristic zero, even for nilpotent 3-Lie algebras. We then prove that 3-Lie algebras with $β(L) = m-2$ are 2-step solvable (see definition in Section 2). Furthermore, we give a precise description of these 3-Lie algebras with one or two dimensional derived algebras. In addition, we provide a classification of 3-Lie algebras with $α(L)=\dim L-2$. We also obtain the classification of 3-Lie algebras with $α(L)=\dim L-1$ and with their derived algebras of one dimension.

math-ph↗
arXiv2010

Metric $n$-Lie Algebras

We study the structure of a metric $n$-Lie algebra $\mathcal {G}$ over the complex field $\mathbb C$. Let $\mathcal {G}= \mathcal S\oplus {\mathcal R}$ be the Levi decomposition, where $\mathcal R$ is the radical of $\mathcal {G}$ and $\mathcal S$ is a strong semisimple subalgebra of $\mathcal {G}$. Denote by $m(\mathcal {G})$ the number of all minimal ideals of an indecomposable metric $n$-Lie algebra and $\mathcal R^\bot$ the orthogonal complement of $R$. We obtain the following results. As $\mathcal S$-modules, $\mathcal R^{\bot}$ is isomorphic to the dual module of $\mathcal {G} / \mathcal R.$ The dimension of the vector space spanned by all nondegenerate invariant symmetric bilinear forms on $\mathcal {G}$ equals that of the vector space of certain linear transformations on $\mathcal {G}$; this dimension is greater than or equal to $m(\mathcal {G}) + 1$. The centralizer of $\mathcal R$ in $\mathcal G$ equals the sum of all minimal ideals; it is the direct sum of $\mathcal R^\bot$ and the center of $\mathcal {G}$. The sufficient and necessary condition for $\mathcal {G}$ having no strong semisimple ideals is that $\mathcal R^\bot \subseteq \mathcal R$.

math.RA↗
arXiv2008

Orders of Finite Reductive Monoids

We show four formulas for calculating the orders of finite reductive monoids with zero. As applications, these formulas are then used to calculate the orders of finite reductive monoids induced from the $F_q$-split $\J$-irreducible monoids $\overline {K^*ρ(G_0)}$ where $G_0$ is a simple algebraic group over the algebraic closure of $F_q$, and $ρ: G_0\to GL(V)$ is the irreducible representation associated with any dominant weight. Finally, we give an explicit formula for the orders of finite symplectic monoids associated with the last fundamental dominant weight of type $C_l$; the connections to $H$-polynomials and Betti numbers are shown.

math.GR↗
arXiv2008

Representations of the Renner Monoid

We describe irreducible representations and character formulas of the Renner monoids for reductive monoids, which generalizes the Munn-Solomon representation theory of rook monoids to any Renner monoids. The type map and polytope associated with reductive monoids play a crucial role in our work. It turns out that the irreducible representations of certain parabolic subgroups of the Weyl groups determine the complete set of irreducible representations of the Renner monoids. An analogue of the Munn-Solomon formula for calculating the character of the Renner monoids, in terms of the characters of the parabolic subgroups, is shown.

math.RT↗