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Zhilei Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to Zhilei Zhang.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
arXiv2026

Coordinated Multipoint Anti-jamming Beam Pattern Synthesis: From AI Accelerated Algorithm to Hardware Implementation

This paper presents a deep unfolding-supported coordinated multipoint beam pattern synthesis (DUCoMP-BPS) scheme to overcome the high complexity, poor adaptability, and limited scalability of traditional cell-free anti-jamming beamforming. In the proposed design, access points (APs) independently determine analog beamforming using local angle information, while the central processing unit (CPU) performs cooperative digital beamforming with only a single AP-CPU interaction, significantly reducing fronthaul overhead. To further improve efficiency, a deep unfolding strategy transforms the costly step size search in analog beamforming into a trainable parameter, where an offline-trained complex-valued neural network enables fast and adaptive online inference. Simulation results show that the complexity of DUCoMP-BPS scales linearly with the number of APs, reduces single-AP analog beamforming runtime by about 67% compared to conventional optimization, and achieves superior nulling performance over purely data-driven approaches. Hardware feasibility is validated on an Advanced RISC Machine-Field Programmable Gate Array (ARM-FPGA) heterogeneous platform, where algorithm-hardware co-verification and hardware-software decoupling enable efficient parallelism and low-latency execution. Finally, anechoic chamber measurements under practical hardware imperfections confirm robust beamforming performance, demonstrating the strong potential of DUCoMP-BPS for real-world deployment.

eess.SP↗
arXiv2025

Cohomology of $BPU_n$ and rings of invariants of Weyl groups

Let $PU_n$ denote the projective unitary group of rank $n$ and $BPU_n$ be its classifying space, for $n>1$. Using the Serre spectral sequence associated to the fibration $BU_n\to BPU_n\to K(\mathbb{Z},3)$, we compute the integral cohomology group of $BPU_n$ in dimensions $\leq 14$. In addition, we determine the ring structure of $H^*(BPU_n;\mathbb{Z})$ up to dimension $13$ by computing the ring of invariants $H^*(BT_{PU_n})^W$ of the Weyl group action in dimensions $\leq 12$.

math.AT↗
arXiv2025

Joint Detection and Angle Estimation for Multiple Jammers in Beamspace Massive MIMO

In this paper, we study the joint detection and angle estimation problem for beamspace multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with multiple random jamming targets. An iterative low-complexity generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) is proposed by transforming the composite multiple hypothesis test on the projected vector into a series of binary hypothesis tests based on the spatial covariance matrix. In each iteration, the detector implicitly inhibits the mainlobe effects of the previously detected jammers by utilizing the estimated angles and average jamming-to-signal ratios. This enables the detection of a new potential jammer and the identification of its corresponding spatial covariance. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms existing benchmarks by suppressing sidelobes of the detected jammers and interference from irrelevant angles, especially in medium-to-high jamming-to-noise ratio scenarios.

eess.SP↗
arXiv2024

Jamming Detection and Channel Estimation for Spatially Correlated Beamspace Massive MIMO

In this paper, we investigate the problem of jamming detection and channel estimation during multi-user uplink beam training under random pilot jamming attacks in beamspace massive multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) systems. For jamming detection, we distinguish the signals from the jammer and the user by projecting the observation signals onto the pilot space. By using the multiple projected observation vectors corresponding to the unused pilots, we propose a jamming detection scheme based on the locally most powerful test (LMPT) for systems with general channel conditions. Analytical expressions for the probability of detection and false alarms are derived using the second-order statistics and likelihood functions of the projected observation vectors. For the detected jammer along with users, we propose a two-step minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimation using the projected observation vectors. As a part of the channel estimation, we develop schemes to estimate the norm and the phase of the inner-product of the legitimate pilot vector and the random jamming pilot vector, which can be obtained using linear MMSE estimation and a bilinear form of the multiple projected observation vectors. From simulations under different system parameters, we observe that the proposed technique improves the detection probability by 32.22% compared to the baseline at medium channel correlation level, and the channel estimation achieves a mean square error of -15.93dB.

eess.SP↗
arXiv2024

Joint Optimization of Data- and Model-Driven Probing Beams and Beam Predictor

Hierarchical search in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications incurs significant beam training overhead and delay, especially in a dynamic environment. Deep learning-enabled beam prediction is promising to significantly mitigate the overhead and delay, efficiently utilizing the site-specific channel prior. In this work, we propose to jointly optimize a data- and model-driven probe beam module and a cascaded data-driven beam predictor, with limitations in that the probe and communicate beams are restricted within the manifold space of uniform planer array and quantization of the phase modulator. First, The probe beam module senses the mmWave channel with a complex-valued neural network and outputs the counterpart RSRPs of probe beams. Second, the beam predictor estimates the RSRPs in the entire beamspace to minimize the prediction cross entropy and selects the optimal beam with the maximum RSRP value for data transmission. Additionally, we propose to add noise to the phase variables in the probe beam module, against quantization error. Simulation results show the effectiveness of our proposed scheme.

cs.IT↗
arXiv2024

On the rank of the double cohomology of moment-angle complexes

In [6], the authors construct a cochain complex $C\!H^*(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathcal{K}})$ on the cohomology of a moment-angle complex $\mathcal{Z}_{\mathcal{K}}$ and call the resulting cohomology the double cohomology, $H\!H^*(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathcal{K}})$. In this paper, we study the change of rank in double cohomology after gluing an $n$-simplex to a simplicial complex $\mathcal{K}$ in certain conditions. As an application, we give a positive answer to an open problem in [6]: For any even integer $r$, there always exists a simlicial complex $\mathcal{K}$ such that $\operatorname{rank} H\!H^*(\mathcal{Z}_{\mathcal{K}})=r$.

math.AT↗
arXiv2024

On the p-primary subgroups of the cohomology of the classifying spaces of PUn

Let $PU_n$ denote the projective unitary group of rank $n$, and let $BPU_n$ be its classifying space. We extend our previous results to a description of $H^s(BPU_n;\mathbb{Z})_{(p)}$ for $s<2p+9$ by showing that $p$-primary subgroups of $H^s(BPU_n;\mathbb{Z})$ is $\mathbb{Z}/p$ for $s=2p+5$ and are trivial for $s = 2p+7$ and $s = 2p+8$, where $p$ is an odd prime.

math.AT↗
arXiv2024

Entropy-based Probing Beam Selection and Beam Prediction via Deep Learning

Hierarchical beam search in mmWave communications incurs substantial training overhead, necessitating deep learning-enabled beam predictions to effectively leverage channel priors and mitigate this overhead. In this study, we introduce a comprehensive probabilistic model of power distribution in beamspace, and formulate the joint optimization problem of probing beam selection and probabilistic beam prediction as an entropy minimization problem. Then, we propose a greedy scheme to iteratively and alternately solve this problem, where a transformer-based beam predictor is trained to estimate the conditional power distribution based on the probing beams and user location within each iteration, and the trained predictor selects an unmeasured beam that minimizes the entropy of remaining beams. To further reduce the number of interactions and the computational complexity of the iterative scheme, we propose a two-stage probing beam selection scheme. Firstly, probing beams are selected from a location-specific codebook designed by an entropy-based criterion, and predictions are made with corresponding feedback. Secondly, the optimal beam is identified using additional probing beams with the highest predicted power values. Simulation results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed schemes compared to hierarchical beam search and beam prediction with uniform probing beams.

cs.IT↗
arXiv2018

The Study of Multi-Layer sTGC Test System for ATLAS Phase-I upgrade

A completely New Small Wheel (NSW) will be constructed for ATLAS Phase-1 upgrade. Small-Strip Thin-Gap-Chamber (sTGC) will devote to the trigger function of NSW. A full-size sTGC quadruplet consists of 4 layers, and will need 4 pad Front-End-Boards and 4 strip Front-End-Boards for sTGC signals readout. The 8 boards should be readout simultaneously at a time. This paper presents the study of multi-layer sTGC test system, a FEB Driver Card (FEBDC) is designed for pFEB and sFEB boards handling. The design and test of FEBDC are described in details.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2018

A low power DAQ system with high-speed storage for submersible buoy

Submersible Buoy (SB) is an important apparatus capable of long-term, fixed-point, continuous and multi-directional measurement of acoustic signals and hydrological environment monitoring in the harsh marine environment, providing important information for hydrological environment research, marine organism research and protection. We will describe a real-time data acquisition (DAQ) system with multiple designs to meet low-power consumption and high-speed data transmission.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2018

Development of FEB Configuration Test Board for ATLAS NSW Upgrade

The FEB(front end board) configuration test board is developed aiming at meeting the requirement of testing the new generation ASIC(application-specific integrated circuit) chips and its configuration system for ATLAS NSW(New Small Wheel) upgrade, In this paper, some functions are developed in terms of the configurations of the key chips on the FEB, VMM3 and TDS2 using GBT-SCA. Additionally, a flexible communication protocol is designed, verifying the whole data link. It provides technical reference for prototype FEB key chip configuration and data readout, as well as the final system configuration.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2018

Scanning Test System Prototype of p/sFEB for the ATLAS Phase-I sTGC Trigger Upgrade

The Pad Front End Board (pFEB) and the Strip Front End Board (sFEB) are developed for the ATLAS Phase-I sTGC Trigger Upgrade. The pFEB is used to to gather and analyze pads trigger, and the sFEB is developed to accept the pad trigger to define the regions-of-interest for strips readout. The performance of p/sFEBs must be confirmed before they are mounted on the sTGC detector. We will present the scanning test system prototype which is designed according to the test requirements of the p/sFEB. In this test system prototype, a simulation signal board is developed to generate different types of signal to the p/sFEB. PC software and FPGA XADC cooperate to achieve the scan test of analog parameter.

eess.SP↗