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Zhuowen Guo

Publications and source records attributed to Zhuowen Guo.

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Fractal transference principles for subsets of $\mathbb{N}^d$ of positive density

We establish a multidimensional fractal transference principle for digit-restricted sets associated with subsets of $\mathbb{N}^d$, extending the one-dimensional framework of Nakajima--Takahasi (Adv. Math., 2025). We develop general Hausdorff-dimension tools via the singular value potential $ϕ^s(\mathbf a)$ and the multivariate Dirichlet series $ζ_S(\boldsymbolσ) =\sum_{\mathbf a\in S}\prod_{j=1}^d a_j^{-σ_j}$. Let $s_\ast:=\inf\{0<s\le d:\sum_{\mathbf a\in S}ϕ^s(\mathbf a)<\infty\}$ and $Λ_S:=\inf\{σ_1+\cdots+σ_d:ζ_S(\boldsymbolσ)<\infty\}$. We obtain $\dim_H(\mathcal E_S)\le s_\ast$, where $\mathcal E_S\subset((0,1)\setminus\mathbb{Q})^d$ denotes the set of points whose continued-fraction digit vectors lie in $S$ and whose coordinates escape (i.e.\ $a_n(x_j)\to\infty$ for each $j$), and $s_\ast=\tfrac12Λ_S$ for uniformly $K$--balanced $S$. If $S\subset\mathbb{N}^d$ has positive upper density, the transference theorem constructs a set $E_S\subset\mathcal E_{\mathbb N^d}^{\mathrm{vec}}$ with $\dim_H E_S=d/2$; in the positive upper Banach density case we can construct $F_S\subset\mathcal E_{\mathbb N^d}^{\mathrm{vec}}$ with $\dim_H F_S=d/2$. In both cases the common digit set recovers the corresponding density of $S$. On the combinatorial side, the transference principle ensures that translation-invariant configurations forced at positive density, including multidimensional Szemerédi patterns, persist inside the induced fractal digit sets.

math.DS

A three-dimensional corner configuration involving the Omega function

Let $Ω(n)$ denote the number of prime factors of $n$, counted with multiplicity. We prove that if $A\subset\mathbb{N}^3$ has positive upper Banach density, then there are $(x,y,z)\in\mathbb{N}^3$ and $d\in\mathbb{N}$ such that $$(x,y,z),(x+d,y,z),(x,y+d,z),(x,y,z+Ω(d))\in A.$$ To establish the above result, we give an $L^2$-decoupling theorem for the triple ergodic averages $$ \frac1N\sum_{n=1}^N T_1^n f_1\,T_2^n f_2\,S^{Ω(n)}g $$ associated with three commuting transformations by isotropy factors and nilpotent structures in $\mathbb{Z}^2$-actions.

math.DS

Perturbed Polynomial Powers and Bourgain Entropy Obstructions for Khintchin Averages

Let $a\ge2$, let $p\in\mathbb{Z}[n]$ be eventually increasing and eventually non-negative, and let $λ_n=a^{p(n)}+f(n)>0$, where $f(n)\in\mathbb{Z}$. We prove, using Bourgain's bounded entropy criterion, that if $\log(1+f(n)a^{-p(n)})$ is eventually non-zero and decays geometrically in absolute value, then $(λ_n)$ is neither $L^\infty$-Khintchin nor $L^1$-Khintchin. In particular, for every $c\in\mathbb{Z}\setminus\{0\}$, every positive tail of $(a^{p(n)}+c)_{n\ge1}$ is non-Khintchin. The same conclusion applies to the standard examples $a^n+c$, $a^n+b^n$, and, whenever eventually positive, $a^n-b^n$, with $a\neq b$. Thus these perturbations of geometric powers lie on the unstable side of the Khintchin problem. This gives a negative answer, in the translated-power case, to the question of Fan--Fan--Queffélec--Queffélec on the stability of translated powers.

math.DS

On subsets of integers having dense orbits

Let $A\subset \mathbb{N}$. We say $A$ is an $R$-sequence for a given minimal system $(Y,S)$ if there is $y\in Y$ such that $\{S^ny:n\in A\}$ is dense in $Y$. Richter asked if $A$ is an $R$-sequence for all minimal equicontinuous systems implies that $A$ is an $R$-sequence for all minimal systems. In this paper, we investigate this question and related issues within the framework of totally minimal systems, including a characterization of transitive systems that are disjoint from all totally minimal systems. A dynamical system is scattering (resp. weakly scattering) if its product with any minimal (resp. minimal and equicontinuous) system is transitive. It turns out that $(X,T)$ is scattering if and only if for any transitive point $x\in X$ and any minimal system $(Y,S)$ there is $y\in Y$ such that the orbit of $(x,y)$ is dense in $X\times Y$ if and only if for each transitive point $x\in X$ and any non-empty open subset $U$ of $X$, $\{n\in \mathbb{N}:T^nx\in U\}$ is an $R$-sequence. By combining this result with earlier work of Huang and Ye, we deduce that if scattering and weak scattering are distinct properties, then both Richter's question and Katznelson's question admit negative answers.

math.DS