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Zi-Min Li

Publications and source records attributed to Zi-Min Li.

15 recordsLinked to original sources

Static entanglement structure and adiabatic Bell-state preparation in the tripartite quantum Rabi model

The tripartite quantum Rabi model couples two qubits to a bosonic mode through a collective spin-oscillator interaction, providing a simple setting for studying two-qubit entanglement. In the zero-detuning limit, the triplet part of the spectrum splits into branches with zero and maximal entanglement, while the antisymmetric singlet ladder remains exactly decoupled. Within the triplet sector, finite detuning turns the crossings between these branches into avoided crossings and redistributes this entanglement. We identify an eigenbranch whose entanglement grows from nearly zero to a nearly maximal value through such avoided-crossing mixing. The weak-coupling level ordering yields a simple analytic criterion for whether this eigenbranch has a separable weak-coupling endpoint. A three-state effective model explains how the Bell-state component becomes dominant as the coupling increases. We further use a finite-time linear ramp of the collective coupling to benchmark the final coupling and ramp time required for high Bell-state fidelity. These results show how collective spin-oscillator coupling reorganizes spectral entanglement and connects static branch structure to finite-time Bell-state preparation.

quant-ph

Topological enhancement of a PT-symmetric Su-Schrieffer-Heeger quantum battery

We investigate a non-Hermitian quantum battery based on the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) lattice, charged through a parity-time (PT)-symmetric protocol that alternates gain and loss between the two sublattices. The interplay between lattice topology and non-Hermiticity gives rise to both bulk and edge exceptional points (EPs), which govern the charging dynamics. In the topological regime, an edge-state EP appears at a smaller gain-loss strength than the bulk thresholds and gives rise to an additional edge-broken regime absent in the trivial configuration. This topology-specific spectral structure is reflected in the charging dynamics, where the topological phase exhibits more favorable transient and long-time performance in the representative non-Hermitian regimes considered here. We further examine the corresponding Lindblad dynamics, identifying the non-Hermitian model as the conditional no-jump description of the same gain-loss processes. The Lindblad results show that the topological advantage remains visible at the level of stored energy, extractable work, and extractable fraction under unconditional open-system evolution. These findings demonstrate that topology constitutes a genuine physical resource for enhancing the performance of quantum batteries.

quant-ph

Anisotropic Rabi model with two-photon relaxation

The interplay of three light-matter interaction processes - rotating and counter-rotating interactions and two-photon relaxation of the light field - is a topic of interest in quantum optics and quantum information processing. In this work, we theoretically investigate the three light-matter interaction processes using the anisotropic Rabi model, which accounts for different strengths of rotating and counter-rotating interactions and the unique occurrence of photon escape exclusively in pairs. By numerically solving the Lindblad master equation, we analyze the excitation-relaxation dynamics and derive a non-Hermitian effective Hamiltonian to gain further physical insights. To explore the individual effects of these interactions, we examine three analytically tractable limits of the effective Hamiltonian. Our analysis reveals that the three competitive light-matter interaction processes exhibit sensitivity to parity, leading to intriguing phenomena in both transient and steady states. Particularly interesting dynamical patterns resembling quantum phase transitions emerge when these three interaction terms compete. This work deepens the understanding of ultrastrong light-matter interaction in open quantum systems and offers valuable insights into cavity-based quantum computations.

quant-ph

PT-symmetric quantum Rabi model

In this work, we explore the PT-symmetric quantum Rabi model, which describes a PT-symmetric qubit coupled to a quantized light field. By employing the adiabatic approximation (AA), we are able to solve this model analytically in the parameter regime of interest and analyze various physical aspects. We investigate the static and dynamic properties of the model, using both the AA and numerical diagonalization. Our analysis reveals a multitude of exceptional points (EPs) that are closely connected with the exactly solvable points in the Hermitian counterpart of the model. Intriguingly, these EPs vanish and revive depending on the light-matter coupling strength. Furthermore, we discuss the time evolution of physical observables under the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Rich and exotic behaviors are observed in both strong and ultra-strong coupling regimes. Our work extends the theory of PT symmetry into the full quantum light-matter interaction regime and provides insights that can be readily enlarged to a broad class of quantum optical systems.

quant-ph

Generalized adiabatic approximation to the quantum Rabi model

The quantum Rabi model (QRM) describes the interaction between a two-level system (qubit) and a quantum harmonic oscillator. In the limit where the qubit frequency is smaller than the harmonic frequency, the QRM can be well approximated by the adiabatic approximation (AA). The AA is widely used due to its simplicity and explicit physical interpretation. However, the level crossings in the spectrum of the QRM predicted by the AA are determined by the zeros of Laguerre polynomials, which deviate from the exact points. We propose a new approximation to the QRM that predicts the level crossings correctly. This is done by exploiting a surprising connection between isolated exact solutions to the QRM and the Laguerre polynomials in the AA. We thus refer to this approach as the generalized adiabatic approximation (GAA). By construction, the GAA always predicts the exact exceptional spectrum and approximates the regular spectrum remarkably well in a much larger parameter regime than the AA. This generalized approach offers a framework to deal with the family of Rabi-type light-matter interaction models in a simple but accurate manner.

quant-ph

Hidden symmetry operators for asymmetric generalised quantum Rabi models

The hidden $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM) has recently been revealed via a systematic construction of the underlying symmetry operator. Based on the AQRM result, we propose an ansatz for the general form of the symmetry operators for AQRM-related models. Applying this ansatz we obtain the symmetry operator for three models: the anisotropic AQRM, the asymmetric Rabi-Stark model (ARSM) and the anisotropic ARSM.

quant-ph

Generalized adiabatic approximation to the asymmetric quantum Rabi model: conical intersections and geometric phases

The asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM), which describes the interaction between a quantum harmonic oscillator and a biased qubit, arises naturally in circuit quantum electrodynamic circuits and devices. The existence of hidden symmetry in the AQRM leads to a rich energy landscape of conical intersections (CIs) and thus to interesting topological properties. However, current approximations to the AQRM fail to reproduce these CIs correctly. To overcome these limitations we propose a generalized adiabatic approximation (GAA) to describe the energy spectrum of the AQRM. This is achieved by combining the perturbative adiabatic approximation and the exact exceptional solutions to the AQRM. The GAA provides substantial improvement to the existing approaches and pushes the limit of the perturbative treatment into non-perturbative regimes. As a preliminary example of the application of the GAA we calculate the geometric phases around CIs associated with the AQRM.

quant-ph

Hidden symmetry in the biased Dicke model

The symmetry operators generating the hidden $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM) at bias $ε\in \frac{1}{2}\mathbb{Z}$ have recently been constructed by V. V. Mangazeev et al. [J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 54 12LT01 (2021)]. We start with this result to determine symmetry operators for the $N$-qubit generalisation of the AQRM, also known as the biased Dicke model, at special biases. We also prove for general $N$ that the symmetry operators, which commute with the Hamiltonian of the biased Dicke model, generate a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry.

quant-ph

Non-orthogonal qubit states expansion for the asymmetric quantum Rabi model

We present a physically motivated variational wave function for the ground state of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM). The wave function is a weighted superposition of squeezed coherent states entangled with non-orthogonal qubit states, and relies only on three variational parameters in the regimes of interest where the squeezing effect becomes negligible. The variational expansion describes the ground state remarkably well in almost all parameter regimes, especially with arbitrary bias. We use the variational result to calculate various relevant physical observables of the ground state, and make a comparison with existing approximations and the exact solution. The results show that the variational expansion is a significant improvement over the existing approximations for the AQRM.

quant-ph

Hidden symmetry and tunnelling dynamics in asymmetric quantum Rabi models

The asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM) has a broken $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, with generally a non-degenerate eigenvalue spectrum. In some special cases where the asymmetric parameter is a multiple of the cavity frequency, stable level crossings typical of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$-symmetric quantum Rabi model are recovered, however, without any obvious parity-like symmetry. This unknown "symmetry" has thus been referred to as hidden symmetry in the literature. Here we show that this hidden symmetry is not limited to the AQRM, but exists in various related light-matter interaction models with an asymmetric qubit bias term. Conditions under which the hidden symmetry exists in these models are determined and discussed. By investigating tunnelling dynamics in the displaced oscillator basis, a strong connection is found between the hidden symmetry and selective tunnelling.

quant-ph

The asymmetric quantum Rabi model and generalised Pöschl-Teller potentials

Starting with the Gaudin-like Bethe ansatz equations associated with the quasi-exactly solved (QES) exceptional points of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM) a spectral equivalence is established with QES hyperbolic Schrödinger potentials on the line. This leads to particular QES Pöschl-Teller potentials. The complete spectral equivalence is then established between the AQRM and generalised Pöschl-Teller potentials. This result extends a previous mapping between the symmetric quantum Rabi model and a QES Pöschl-Teller potential. The complete spectral equivalence between the two systems suggests that the physics of the generalised Pöschl-Teller potentials may also be explored in experimental realisations of the quantum Rabi model.

quant-ph

Addendum to `Algebraic equations for the exceptional eigenspectrum of the generalized Rabi model'

In our recent paper (Li and Batchelor J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. 48, 454005 (2015)) we obtained exceptional points in the eigenspectrum of the generalized Rabi model in terms of a set of algebraic equations. We also gave a proof for the number of roots of the constraint polynomials defining these exceptional solutions as a function of the system parameters and discussed the number of crossing points in the eigenspectrum. This approach however, only covered a subset of all exceptional points in the eigenspectrum. In this addendum, we clarify the distinction between the exceptional parts of the eigenspectrum for this model and discuss the subset of exceptional points not determined in our paper.

math-ph

Comment on "Comment on "Integrability of the Rabi Model""

In a recent Comment (arXiv:1510.00768) it was claimed that Braak's solution of the quantum Rabi model does not include the set of non-degenerate exceptional points and is thus not a complete solution. Braak's solution does contain these points however, as has been shown before, and which we demonstrate here by obtaining the same energy plots as in the Comment, directly from Braak's solution. Therefore the claim that Braak's solution is not complete is incorrect.

quant-ph

Energy landscape and conical intersection points of the driven Rabi model

We examine the energy surfaces of the driven Rabi model, also known as the biased or generalised Rabi model, as a function of the coupling strength and the driving term. The energy surfaces are plotted numerically from the known analytic solution. The resulting energy landscape consists of an infinite stack of sheets connected by conical intersection points located at the degenerate Juddian points in the eigenspectrum. Trajectories encircling these points are expected to exhibit a nonzero geometric phase.

quant-ph

Algebraic equations for the exceptional eigenspectrum of the generalised Rabi model

We obtain the exceptional part of the eigenspectrum of the generalised Rabi model, also known as the driven Rabi model, in terms of the roots of a set of algebraic equations. This approach provides a product form for the wavefunction components and allows an explicit connection with recent results obtained for the wavefunction in terms of truncated confluent Heun functions. Other approaches are also compared. For particular parameter values the exceptional part of the eigenspectrum consists of doubly degenerate crossing points. We give a proof for the number of roots of the constraint polynomials and discuss the number of crossing points.

quant-ph