arXiv subjects

Ziyaur Rahman

Publications and source records attributed to Ziyaur Rahman.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2022

Diversity Analysis of Multi-Aperture UWOC System over EGG Channel with Pointing Errors

Single aperture reception for underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) is insufficient to deal with oceanic turbulence caused by the combined effect of temperature gradient and air bubbles. This paper analyzes the performance of multi-aperture reception for UWOC under channel irradiance fluctuations characterized by the mixture exponential generalized gamma (EGG) distribution. We analyze the system performance by employing both selection combining (SC) and maximum ratio combining (MRC) receivers. In particular, we derive the exact outage probability expression for the SC-based multi-aperture UWOC receiver and obtain an upper bound on the outage probability for the MRC-based multi-aperture UWOC receiver. With the help of the derived results, we analytically obtain the diversity order of the considered multi-aperture UWOC system.

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arXiv2022

Direct Air-to-Underwater Optical Wireless Communication: Statistical Characterization and Outage Performance

In general, a buoy relay is used to connect the underwater communication to the terrestrial network over a radio or optical wireless communication (OWC) link. The use of relay deployment may pose security and deployment issues. This paper investigates the feasibility of direct air-to-underwater (A2UW) communication from an over-the-sea OWC system to an underwater submarine without deploying a relaying node. We analyze the statistical performance of the direct transmission over the combined channel fading effect of atmospheric turbulence, random fog, air-to-water interface, oceanic turbulence, and pointing errors. We develop novel analytical expressions for the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the resultant signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in terms of bivariate Meijer-G and Fox-H functions. We use the derived statistical results to analyze the system performance by providing exact and asymptotic results of the outage probability in terms of system parameters. We use computer simulations to demonstrate the performance of direct A2UW transmissions compared to the relay-assisted system.

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arXiv2022

Multihop Optical Wireless Communication Over ${\cal{F}}$-Turbulence Channels and Generalized Pointing Errors with Fog-Induced Fading

Multihop relaying is a potential technique to mitigate channel impairments in optical wireless communications (OWC). In this paper, multiple fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relays are employed to enhance the OWC performance under the combined effect of atmospheric turbulence, pointing errors, and fog. We consider a long-range OWC link by modeling the atmospheric turbulence by the Fisher-Snedecor ${\cal{F}}$ distribution, pointing errors by the generalized non-zero boresight model, and random path loss due to fog. We also consider a short-range OWC system by ignoring the impact of atmospheric turbulence. We derive novel upper bounds on the probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for both short and long-range multihop OWC systems by developing exact statistical results for a single-hop OWC system under the combined effect of ${\cal{F}}$-turbulence channels, non-zero boresight pointing errors, and fog-induced fading. Based on these expressions, we present analytical expressions of outage probability (OP) and average bit-error-rate (ABER) performance for the considered OWC systems involving single-variate Fox's H and Meijer's G functions. Moreover, asymptotic expressions of the outage probability in high SNR region are developed using simpler Gamma functions to provide insights on the effect of channel and system parameters. The derived analytical expressions are validated through Monte-Carlo simulations, and the scaling of the OWC performance with the number of relay nodes is demonstrated with a comparison to the single-hop transmission.

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arXiv2022

Unified Performance Assessment of Optical Wireless Communication over Multi-Layer Underwater Channels

In this paper, we model the multi-layer vertical underwater link as a cascaded channel and unify the performance analysis for the underwater optical communication (UWOC) system using generalized Gamma (GG), exponential GG (EGG), exponentiated Weibull (EW), and Gamma-Gamma ({\Gamma}{\Gamma}) oceanic turbulence models. We derive unified analytical expressions for probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) for the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) considering independent and non-identical (i.ni.d.) turbulent models and zero bore-sight model for pointing errors. We develop performance metrics of the considered UWOC system using outage probability, average bit error rate (BER), and ergodic capacity with asymptotic expressions for outage probability and average BER. We develop the diversity order of the proposed system to provide a better insight into the system performance at a high SNR. We also integrate a terrestrial OWC (TOWC) subjected to the combined effect of generalized Malaga atmospheric turbulence, fog-induced random path gain, and pointing errors to communicate with the UWOC link using the fixed-gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying. We analyze the performance of the mixed TWOC and multi-layer UWOC system by deriving PDF, CDF, outage probability, and average BER using the bivariate Fox H-function. We use Monte-Carlo simulation results to validate our exact and asymptotic expressions and demonstrate the performance of the considered underwater UWOC system using measurement-based parametric data available for turbulent oceanic channels.

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arXiv2022

Optical Wireless Transmissions over Multi-layer Underwater Channels with Generalized Gamma Fading

Underwater optical communication (UWOC) is a potential solution for broadband connectivity in oceans and seas for underwater applications providing high data rate transmission with low latency and high reliability. Recent measurement campaigns suggest generalized Gamma distribution as a viable model for oceanic turbulence. In this paper, we analyze the performance of a UWOC system by modeling the vertical underwater link as a multi-layer cascaded channel, each distributed according to independent but not identically distributed (i.ni.d.) generalized Gamma random variables and considering the zero bore-sight model for pointing errors. We derive analytical expressions for probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) for the signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of the combined channel and develop performance metrics of the considered UWOC system using outage probability, average bit error rate (BER), and ergodic capacity. We also derive the asymptotic expressions for outage probability and average BER to determine the diversity order of the proposed system for a better insight into the system performance. We use Monte-Carlo simulation results to validate our exact and asymptotic expressions and demonstrate the performance of the considered underwater UWOC system using measurement-based parametric data available for turbulent oceanic channels.

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arXiv2021

Performance of Dual-Hop Relaying for OWC System Over Foggy Channel with Pointing Errors and Atmospheric Turbulence

Optical wireless communication (OWC) over atmospheric turbulence and pointing errors is a well-studied topic. Still, there is limited research on signal fading due to random fog in an outdoor environment for terrestrial wireless communications. In this paper, we analyze the performance of a decode-and-forward (DF) relaying under the combined effect of random fog, pointing errors, and atmospheric turbulence with a negligible line-of-sight (LOS) direct link. We consider a generalized model for the end-to-end channel with independent and not identically distributed (i.ni.d.) pointing errors, random fog with Gamma distributed attenuation coefficient, double generalized gamma (DGG) atmospheric turbulence, and asymmetrical distance between the source and destination. We develop density and distribution functions of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) under the combined effect of random fog, pointing errors, and atmospheric turbulence (FPT) channel and distribution function for the combined channel with random fog and pointing errors (FP). Using the derived statistical results, we present analytical expressions of the outage probability, average SNR, ergodic rate, and average bit error rate (BER) for both FP and FPT channels in terms of OWC system parameters. We also develop simplified and asymptotic performance analysis to provide insight on the system behavior analytically under various practically relevant scenarios. We demonstrate the mutual effects of channel impairments and pointing errors on the OWC performance, and show that the relaying system provides significant performance improvement compared with the direct transmissions, especially when pointing errors and fog becomes more pronounced.

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arXiv2020

Performance Analysis of Relay-Assisted OWC Over Foggy Channel with Pointing Error

Signal fading due to atmospheric channel impairments and pointing error is a major bottleneck for the performance of optical wireless communication (OWC). In this paper, we consider an amplify-and-forward (AF) optical relaying to enhance the performance of the OWC system with a negligible line-of-sight (LOS) link under the combined effect of fog and pointing error. We analyze the end-to-end performance of the relay-assisted system, which consists of complicated probability distribution functions. We derive analytical expressions of the outage probability, average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and ergodic rate in terms of OWC system parameters. We also develop an exact integral-form expression of these performance metrics using the half-harmonic mean of individual SNRs to validate the tightness of the derived analytical expressions. The numerical and simulation analysis shows that the proposed dual-hop relaying has significant performance improvement when comparing to the direct transmission over considered channel impairments. Compared to the direct transmission, the relay-assisted system requires almost $30$ times less transmission power to achieve the same outage probability. The considered system also provides a significant gain in the average SNR and ergodic rate for practical scenarios of OWC deployment.

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