arXiv subjects

Ziyuan Bai

Publications and source records attributed to Ziyuan Bai.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2023

Long-distance contribution to $ε_K$ from lattice QCD

A lattice QCD approach to the calculation of the long-distance contributions to $ε_K$ is presented. This parameter describes indirect CP violation in $K\toππ$ decay. While the short-distance contribution to $ε_K$ can be accurately calculated in terms of standard model parameters and a single hadronic matrix element, $B_K$, there is a long-distance part which is estimated to be approximately $5\%$ of the total and is more difficult to determine. A method for determining this small but phenomenologically important contribution to $ε_K$ using lattice QCD is proposed and a complete exploratory calculation of the contribution is presented. This exploratory calculation uses an unphysical light quark mass corresponding to a 339 MeV pion mass and an unphysical charm quark mass of 968 MeV, expressed in the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme at 2 GeV. This calculation demonstrates that future work should be able to determine this long-distance contribution from first principles with a controlled error of 10\% or less.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2018

Exploratory lattice QCD study of the rare kaon decay $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$

In Ref [1] we have presented the results of an exploratory lattice QCD computation of the long-distance contribution to the $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$ decay amplitude. In the present paper we describe the details of this calculation, which includes the implementation of a number of novel techniques. The $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$ decay amplitude is dominated by short-distance contributions which can be computed in perturbation theory with the only required non-perturbative input being the relatively well-known form factors of semileptonic kaon decays. The long-distance contributions, which are the target of this work, are expected to be of O(5%) in the branching ratio. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of lattice QCD computations of the $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$ decay amplitude, and in particular of the long-distance component. Though this calculation is performed on a small lattice ($16^3\times32$) and at unphysical pion, kaon and charm quark masses, $m_π=420$ MeV, $m_K=563$ MeV and $m_c^{\overline{\mathrm{MS}}}(\mbox{2 GeV})=863$ MeV, the techniques presented in this work can readily be applied to a future realistic calculation.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2017

Exploratory Lattice QCD Study of the Rare Kaon Decay $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$

We report a first, complete lattice QCD calculation of the long-distance contribution to the $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν$ decay within the standard model. This is a second-order weak process involving two four-Fermi operators that is highly sensitive to new physics and being studied by the NA62 experiment at CERN. While much of this decay comes from perturbative, short-distance physics there is a long-distance part, perhaps as large as the planned experimental error, which involves nonperturbative phenomena. The calculation presented here, with unphysical quark masses, demonstrates that this contribution can be computed using lattice methods by overcoming three technical difficulties: (i) a short-distance divergence that results when the two weak operators approach each other, (ii) exponentially growing, unphysical terms that appear in Euclidean, second-order perturbation theory, and (iii) potentially large finite-volume effects. A follow-on calculation with physical quark masses and controlled systematic errors will be possible with the next generation of computers.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2016

Long distance part of $ε_K$ from lattice QCD

We demonstrate the lattice QCD calculation of the long distance contribution to $ε_K$. Due to the singular, short-distance structure of $ε_K$, we must perform a short-distance subtraction and introduce a corresponding low-energy constant determined from perturbation theory, which we calculate at Next Leading Order (NLO). We perform the calculation on a $24^3 \times 64$ lattice with a pion mass of 329 MeV. This work is a complete calculation, which includes all connected and disconnected diagrams.

hep-lat↗

arXiv2014

$K_L$ - $K_S$ mass difference computed with a 171 MeV pion mass

In this work, we used a $32^3 \times 64 \times 32$, 2+1 flavor domain wall lattice with Iwasaki+DSDR gauge action. The pion mass is 171 MeV and the kaon mass is 492 MeV. We implement the Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani (GIM) cancellation using charm quark masses of 750 MeV and 592 MeV. This is an intermediate calculation, in that we are using both a coarse lattice spacing (1/a = 1.37GeV) so we expect significant discretization error coming from charm quark mass and we are also using unphysical kinematics for the pion. The main purpose of this calculation is to study the contribution from the two-pion intermediate state when the energy of a two-pion state is lower than that of the kaon, as well as the corresponding finite volume correction to the $ΔM_K$.

hep-lat↗