arXiv subjects

Zoltan Furedi

Publications and source records attributed to Zoltan Furedi.

18 recordsLinked to original sources

arXiv2024

Minimal abundant packings and choosability with separation

A $(v,k,t)$ packing of size $b$ is a system of $b$ subsets (blocks) of a $v$-element underlying set such that each block has $k$ elements and every $t$-set is contained in at most one block. $P(v,k,t)$ stands for the maximum possible $b$. A packing is called abundant if $b> v$. We give new estimates for $P(v,k,t)$ around the critical range, slightly improving the Johnson bound and asymptotically determine the minimum $v=v_0(k,t)$ when abundant packings exist. For a graph $G$ and a positive integer $c$, let $χ_\ell(G,c)$ be the minimum value of $k$ such that one can properly color the vertices of $G$ from any assignment of lists $L(v)$ such that $|L(v)|=k$ for all $v\in V(G)$ and $|L(u)\cap L(v)|\leq c$ for all $uv\in E(G)$. Kratochv\'ıl, Tuza and Voigt in 1998 asked to determine $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} χ_\ell(K_n,c)/\sqrt{cn}$ (if exists). Using our bound on $v_0(k,t)$, we prove that the limit exists and equals $1$. Given $c$, we find the exact value of $χ_\ell(K_n,c)$ for infinitely many $n$.

math.CO↗

arXiv2020

Large monochromatic components in almost complete graphs and bipartite graphs

Gyárfas proved that every coloring of the edges of $K_n$ with $t+1$ colors contains a monochromatic connected component of size at least $n/t$. Later, Gyárfás and Sárközy asked for which values of $γ=γ(t)$ does the following strengthening for almost complete graphs hold: if $G$ is an $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree at least $(1-γ)n$, then every $(t+1)$-edge coloring of $G$ contains a monochromatic component of size at least $n/t$. We show $γ= 1/(6t^3)$ suffices, improving a result of DeBiasio, Krueger, and Sárközy.

math.CO↗

arXiv2020

Induced Turán problems and traces of hypergraphs

Let $F$ be a graph. We say that a hypergraph $H$ contains an induced Berge $F$ if the vertices of $F$ can be embedded to $H$ (e.g., $V(F)\subseteq V(H)$) and there exists an injective mapping $f$ from the edges of $F$ to the hyperedges of $H$ such that $f(xy) \cap V(F) = \{x,y\}$ holds for each edge $xy$ of $F$. In other words, $H$ contains $F$ as a trace. Let $ex_{r}(n,B_{ind} F)$ denote the maximum number of edges in an $r$-uniform hypergraph with no induced Berge $F$. Let $ex(n,K_r, F)$ denote the maximum number of $K_r$'s in an $F$-free graph on $n$ vertices. We show that these two Turán type functions are strongly related.

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arXiv2020

Berge cycles in non-uniform hypergraphs

We consider two extremal problems for set systems without long Berge cycles. First we give Dirac-type minimum degree conditions that force long Berge cycles. Next we give an upper bound for the number of hyperedges in a hypergraph with bounded circumference. Both results are best possible in infinitely many cases.

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arXiv2019

On 2-connected hypergraphs with no long cycles

We give an upper bound for the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex 2-connected $r$-uniform hypergraph with no Berge cycle of length $k$ or greater, where $n\geq k \geq 4r\geq 12$. For $n$ large with respect to $r$ and $k$, this bound is sharp and is significantly stronger than the bound without restrictions on connectivity. It turned out that it is simpler to prove the bound for the broader class of Sperner families where the size of each set is at most $r$. For such families, our bound is sharp for all $n\geq k\geq r\geq 3$.

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arXiv2018

Nearly subadditive sequences

We show that the de Bruijn-Erdős condition for the error term in their improvement of Fekete's Lemma is not only sufficient but also necessary in the following strong sense. Suppose that given a sequence $0\leq f(1)\leq f(2)\leq f(3)\leq \dots $ such that \begin{equation}\sum_{ n=1}^{\infty} f(n)/n^2 = \infty. \end{equation} Then, there exists a sequence $\{b(n)\}_{n=1,2,\dots}$ satisfying \begin{equation}\label{eq1} b(n+m) \leq b(n) + b(m) + f(n+m) \end{equation} such that the sequence of slopes $\{ b(n)/n\}_{n=1,2,\dots}$ takes every rational number. When the series is bounded we improve their result as follows. If there exist $N$ and real $μ>1$ such that near $f$-subadditivity holds for all pairs $(n,m)$ with $N\leq n\leq m \leq μn$, then $\lim_n b(n)/n $ exists.

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arXiv2018

Avoiding long Berge cycles II, exact bounds for all $n$

Let $EG_r(n,k)$ denote the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $r$-uniform hypergraph with no Berge cycles of length $k$ or longer. In the first part of this work, we have found exact values of $EG_r(n,k)$ and described the structure of extremal hypergraphs for the case when $k-2$ divides $n-1$ and $k\geq r+3$. In this paper we determine $EG_r(n,k)$ and describe the extremal hypergraphs for all $n$ when $k\geq r+4$.

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arXiv2018

Avoiding long Berge cycles

Let $n\geq k\geq r+3$ and $\mathcal H$ be an $n$-vertex $r$-uniform hypergraph. We show that if $|\mathcal H|> \frac{n-1}{k-2}\binom{k-1}{r}$ then $\mathcal H$ contains a Berge cycle of length at least $k$. This bound is tight when $k-2$ divides $n-1$. We also show that the bound is attained only for connected $r$-uniform hypergraphs in which every block is the complete hypergraph $K^{(r)}_{k-1}$. We conjecture that our bound also holds in the case $k=r+2$, but the case of short cycles, $k\leq r+1$, is different.

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arXiv2018

A variation of a theorem by Pósa

A graph $G$ is $\ell$-hamiltonian if for any linear forest $F$ of $G$ with $\ell$ edges, $F$ can be extended to a hamiltonian cycle of $G$. We give a sharp upper bound for the maximum number of cliques of a fixed size in a non-$\ell$-hamiltonian graph. Furthermore, we prove stability for the bound: if a non-$\ell$-hamiltonian graph contains almost the maximum number of cliques, then it must be a subgraph of one of two examples.

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arXiv2017

List-Distinguishing Cartesian Products of Cliques

The distinguishing number of a graph $G$, denoted $D(G)$, is the minimum number of colors needed to produce a coloring of the vertices of $G$ so that every nontrivial isomorphism interchanges vertices of different colors. A list assignment $L$ on a graph $G$ is a function that assigns each vertex of $G$ a set of colors. An $L$-coloring of $G$ is a coloring in which each vertex is colored with a color from $L(v)$. The list distinguishing number of $G$, denoted $D_{\ell}(G)$ is the minimum $k$ such that every list assignment $L$ that assigns a list of size at least $k$ to every vertex permits a distinguishing $L$-coloring. In this paper, we prove that when and $n$ is large enough, the distinguishing and list-distinguishing numbers of $K_n\Box K_m$ agree for almost all $m>n$, and otherwise differ by at most one. As a part of our proof, we give (to our knowledge) the first application of the Combinatorial Nullstellensatz to the graph distinguishing problem and also prove an inequality for the binomial distribution that may be of independent interest.

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arXiv2014

A coding problem for pairs of subsets

Let $X$ be an $n$--element finite set, $0<k\leq n/2$ an integer. Suppose that $\{A_1,A_2\} $ and $\{B_1,B_2\} $ are pairs of disjoint $k$-element subsets of $X$ (that is, $|A_1|=|A_2|=|B_1|=|B_2|=k$, $A_1\cap A_2=\emptyset$, $B_1\cap B_2=\emptyset$). Define the distance of these pairs by $d(\{A_1,A_2\} ,\{B_1,B_2\})=\min \{|A_1-B_1|+|A_2-B_2|, |A_1-B_2|+|A_2-B_1|\} $. This is the minimum number of elements of $A_1\cup A_2$ one has to move to obtain the other pair $\{B_1,B_2\}$. Let $C(n,k,d)$ be the maximum size of a family of pairs of disjoint subsets, such that the distance of any two pairs is at least $d$. Here we establish a conjecture of Brightwell and Katona concerning an asymptotic formula for $C(n,k,d)$ for $k,d$ are fixed and $n\to \infty$. Also, we find the exact value of $C(n,k,d)$ in an infinite number of cases, by using special difference sets of integers. Finally, the questions discussed above are put into a more general context and a number of coding theory type problems are proposed.

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arXiv2013

Linear trees in uniform hypergraphs

Given a tree T on v vertices and an integer k exceeding one. One can define the k-expansion T^k as a k-uniform linear hypergraph by enlarging each edge with a new, distinct set of (k-2) vertices. Then T^k has v+ (v-1)(k-2) vertices. The aim of this paper is to show that using the delta-system method one can easily determine asymptotically the size of the largest T^k-free n-vertex hypergraph, i.e., the Turan number of T^k.

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arXiv2013

Hypergraph Turan numbers of linear cycles

A k-uniform linear cycle of length s is a cyclic list of k-sets A_1,..., A_s such that consecutive sets intersect in exactly one element and nonconsecutive sets are disjoint. For all k at least 5 and s at least 3 and sufficiently large n we determine the largest size of a k-uniform set family on [n] not containing a linear cycle of length s. For odd s=2t+1 the unique extremal family F_S consists of all k-sets in [n] intersecting a fixed t-set S in [n]. For even s=2t+2, the unique extremal family consists of F_S plus all the k-sets outside S containing some fixed two elements. For k at least 4 and large n we also establish an exact result for so-called minimal cycles. For all k at least 4 our results substantially extend Erdos' result on largest k-uniform families without t+1 pairwise disjoint members and confirm, in a stronger form, a conjecture of Mubayi and Verstraete. Our main method is the delta system method.

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arXiv2012

The number of graphs of given diameter

In this paper it is proved that there are constants 0< c_2< c_1 such that an asymptotic formula can be given for the the number of (labeled) n-vertex graphs of diameter d whenever n tends to infinity and 2 < d < n - c_1 (log n). A typical graph of diameter d consists of a combination of an induced path of length d and a highly connected block of size n-d+3. In the case d > n- c_2(log n) another asymptotic formula is calculated and the typical graph has a completely different snakelike structure.

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arXiv2011

A new short proof of the EKR theorem

A family F is intersecting if any two members have a nonempty intersection. Erdos, Ko, and Rado showed that |F|\leq {n-1\choose k-1} holds for an intersecting family of k-subsets of [n]:={1,2,3,...,n}, n\geq 2k. For n> 2k the only extremal family consists of all k-subsets containing a fixed element. Here a new proof is presented. It is even shorter than the classical proof of Katona using cyclic permutations, or the one found by Daykin applying the Kruskal-Katona theorem.

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arXiv2011

Exact solution of the hypergraph Turán problem for $k$-uniform linear paths

A $k$-uniform linear path of length $\ell$, denoted by $P^{(k)}_\ell$, is a family of $k$-sets $\{F_1,..., F_\ell\}$ such that $|F_i\cap F_{i+1}|=1$ for each $i$ and $F_i\cap F_j=\emptyset$ whenever $|i-j|>1$. Given a $k$-uniform hypergraph $H$ and a positive integer $n$, the {\it $k$-uniform hypergraph Turán number} of $H$, denoted by $\ex_k(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in a $k$-uniform hypergraph $\cF$ on $n$ vertices that does not contain $H$ as a subhypergraph. With an intensive use of the delta-system method, we determine $\ex_k(n,P^{(k)}_\ell)$ exactly for all fixed $\ell\geq 1, k\geq 4$, and sufficiently large $n$. We show that $$\ex_k(n,P^{(k)}_{2t+1})={n-1\choose k-1}+{n-2\choose k-1}+...+{n-t\choose k-1}.$$ The only extremal family consists of all the $k$-sets in $[n]$ that meet some fixed set of $t$ vertices. We also show that $$\ex(n, P^{(k)}_{2t+2})={n-1\choose k-1}+{n-2\choose k-1}+...+{n-t\choose k-1}+{n-t-2\choose k-2},$$ and describe the unique extremal family. Stability results on these bounds and some related results are also established.

math.CO↗

arXiv2011

Cycle-saturated graphs with minimum number of edges

A graph $G$ is called $H$-saturated if it does not contain any copy of $H$, but for any edge $e$ in the complement of $G$ the graph $G+e$ contains some $H$. The minimum size of an $n$-vertex $H$-saturated graph is denoted by $\sat(n,H)$. We prove $$\sat(n,C_k) = n + n/k + O((n/k^2) + k^2)$$ holds for all $n\geq k\geq 3$, where $C_k$ is a cycle with length $k$. We have a similar result for semi-saturated graphs $$\ssat(n,C_k) = n + n/(2k) + O((n/k^2) + k).$$ We conjecture that our three constructions are optimal.

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arXiv1999

Multiple vertex coverings by specified induced subgraphs

Given graphs H_1,...,H_k, we study the minimum order of a graph G such that for each i, the induced copies of H_i in G cover V(G). We prove a general upper bound of twice the sum of the numbers m_i, where m_i is one less than the order of H_i. When k=2 and one graph is an independent set of size n, we determine the optimum within a constant. When k=2 and the graphs are a star and an independent set, we determine the answer exactly.

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