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arXiv2008

Quantum gravity as the way from spacetime to space quantum states thermodynamics

Physical spacetime geometry follows from some effective thermodynamics of quantum states of all fields and particles described in frames of General Relativity. In the sense of pure field theoretical Einstein's point of view on gravitation the thermodynamic information is actually quantum gravity. We propose new realization of this old idea by studying the canonical 3+1 Dirac-ADM approach to pseudo-Riemannian (Lorentzian) manifold of General Relativity. We derive the Wheeler-DeWitt theory as the Global One-Dimensional classical field theory of the Bose field associated with embedded 3-space, where Wheeler's superspace metric is absent. The classical theory is discussed, some deductions on tachyon state, Dark Energy density and cosmological constant are included. Reduction to 1st order evolution is carried out, and quantum theory by the second quantization in the Fock space of creators and annihilators is constructed by employing the Heisenberg equation and the bosonic Bogoliubov transformation for diagonalization. In result we find the static reper with stable vacuum, where quantum states of 3-space can be considered, and finally space quantum states thermodynamics is formulated.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2008

Loss of least-loaded class in asexual populations due to drift and epistasis

We consider the dynamics of a non-recombining haploid population of finite size which accumulates deleterious mutations irreversibly. This ratchet like process occurs at a finite speed in the absence of epistasis, but it has been suggested that synergistic epistasis can halt the ratchet. Using a diffusion theory, we find explicit analytical expressions for the typical time between successive clicks of the ratchet for both non-epistatic and epistatic fitness functions. Our calculations show that the inter-click time is of a scaling form which in the absence of epistasis gives a speed that is determined by size of the least-loaded class and the selection coefficient. With synergistic interactions, the ratchet speed is found to approach zero rapidly for arbitrary epistasis. Our analytical results are in good agreement with the numerical simulations.

q-bio.PE↗
arXiv2008

A FDR-preserving field theory of glass transition in terms of the fluctuating hydrodynamics

A field theoretical method for the fluctuating hydrodynamics with preserving fluctuation-dissipation relations (FDR) is reformulated. It is shown that the long time behavior within the first-loop order perturbation under the assumption that the correlations include the momentum decay fast enough, is equivalent to that for the standard mode-coupling theory.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2008

Negative conductance in driven Josephson junctions

We investigate an optimal regime of negative-valued conductance, emerging in a resistively and capacitively shunted Josephson junction, which is driven simultaneously by both, a time-periodic (ac) and a constant (dc) current. We analyze the current-voltage characteristics in the regime of absolute negative conductance. We additionally explore the stability of the negative response with respect to the ac-current frequency.

cond-mat.supr-con↗
arXiv2008

Bose Fluids Above Tc

This paper emphasizes that non-linear rotational or diamagnetic susceptibility is characteristic of Bose fluids above their superfluid Tcs. For sufficiently slow rotation or, for superconductors, weak B-fields this amounts to an incompressible response to vorticity. The cause is that there are terms missing in the conventionally accepted model Hamiltonian for quantized vortices in the Bose fluid. The resulting susceptibility can account for recent observations of Chan et al on solid He, and Ong et al on cuprate superconductors.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2008

Spherically averaged versus angle-dependent interactions in quadrupolar fluids

Employing simplified models in computer simulation is on the one hand often enforced by computer time limitations but on the other hand it offers insights into the molecular properties determining a given physical phenomenon. We employ this strategy to the determination of the phase behaviour of quadrupolar fluids, where we study the influence of omitting angular degrees of freedom of molecules via an effective spherically symmetric potential obtained from a perturbative expansion. Comparing the liquid-vapor coexistence curve, vapor pressure at coexistence, interfacial tension between the coexisting phases, etc., as obtained from both the models with the full quadrupolar interactions and the (approximate) isotropic interactions, we find discrepancies in the critical region to be typically (such as in the case of carbon dioxide) of the order of 4%. However, when the Lennard-Jones parameters are rescaled such that critical temperatures and critical densities of both models coincide with the experimental results, almost perfect agreement between the above-mentioned properties of both models is obtained. This result justifies the use of isotropic quadrupolar potentials. We present also a detailed comparison of our simulations with a combined integral equation/density functional approach and show that the latter provides an accurate description except for the vicinity of the critical point.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2010

Analytical asymptotics of β-function in ϕ^4 theory (end of the "zero charge" story)

Reconstruction of the β-function for ϕ^4 theory, attempted previously by summation of perturbation series, leads to asymptotics β(g)=β_\infty g^αat g\to\infty, where α\approx 1 for space dimensions d=2,3,4. The natural hypothesis arises, that asymptotic behavior is β(g) \sim g for all d. Consideration of the zero-dimensional case confirms the hypothesis and reveals the origin of this result: it is related with a zero of a certain functional integral. Consideration can be generalized to the arbitrary space dimensionality, confirming the linear asymptotics of β(g) for all d. Asymptotical behavior for other renormalization group functions (anomalous dimensions) is found to be constant. Relation to the "zero charge" problem is discussed.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2008

Explicit demonstration of nonabelian anyon, braiding matrix and fusion rules in the Kitaev-type spin honeycomb lattice models

The exact solubility of the Kitaev-type spin honeycomb lattice model was proved by means of a Majorana fermion representation or a Jordan-Wigner transformation while the explicit form of the anyon in terms of Pauli matrices became not transparent. The nonabelian statistics of anyons and the fusion rules can only be expressed in indirect ways to Pauli matrices. We convert the ground state and anyonic excitations back to the forms of Pauli matrices and explicitly demonstrate the nonabelian anyonic statistics as well as the fusion rules. These results may instruct the experimental realization of the nonabelian anyons. We suggest a proof-in-principle experiment to verify the existence of the nonabelian anyons in nature.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2008

Parametric Excitation, Localization and Synchronization in Nonlinear Hydrodynamical Systems

The dissertation contains 4 original chapters: 1) Parametric excitation of Soret-driven convection of binary mixture in a horizontal porous layer. 2) Soret-driven convection in a horizontal porous layer from a heat or concentration source. 3) Localization of convective flows under randomly inhomogeneous heating. 4) Synchrony of nonlinear systems driven by common noise.

physics.flu-dyn↗
arXiv2008

Groups of Operators for Evolution Equations of Quantum Many-Particle Systems

The aim of this work is to study the properties of groups of operators for evolution equations of quantum many-particle systems, namely, the von Neumann hierarchy for correlation operators, the BBGKY hierarchy for marginal density operators and the dual BBGKY hierarchy for marginal observables. We show that the concept of cumulants (semi-invariants) of groups of operators for the von Neumann equations forms the basis of the expansions for one-parametric families of operators for evolution equations of infinitely many particles.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2009

Construction of density operator for a general mean-field Hamiltonian and its application to the models of correlated fermions

We analyze a class of mean-field (MF) lattice-fermion Hamiltonians and construct the corresponding grand-canonical density operator for such system. New terms are introduced, which may be interpreted as local fugacities, molecular fields, etc. The presence of such terms is an unavoidable consequence of a consistent statistical description. Although in some cases (e.g. in the Hartree or the Hartree-Fock-type approximation) the presented formalism is redundant, in general (e.g. for a renormalized t-J model) it leads to nontrivial modifications of the thermodynamic properties.

cond-mat.str-el↗
arXiv2008

Normal modes analysis of the microscopic dynamics in hard discs

We estimate numerically the normal modes of the free energy in a glass of hard discs. We observe that, near the glass transition or after a rapid quench deep in the glass phase, the density of states (i) is characteristic of a marginally stable structure, in particular it di splays a frequency scale $ω^*\sim p^{1/2}$, where $p$ is the pressure and (ii) gives a faithful representation of the short-time dyn amics. This brings further evidences that the boson peak near the glass transition corresponds to the relaxation of marginal modes of a we akly-coordinated structure, and implies that the mean square displacement in the glass phase is anomalously large and goes as $< δR^2 > \sim p^{-3/2}$, a prediction that we check numerically.

cond-mat.soft↗
arXiv2009

From Deterministic Chaos to Anomalous Diffusion

This is an easy-to-read introduction to foundations of deterministic chaos, deterministic diffusion and anomalous diffusion. The first part introduces to deterministic chaos in one-dimensional maps in form of Ljapunov exponents and dynamical entropies. The second part outlines the concept of deterministic diffusion. Then the escape rate formalism for deterministic diffusion, which expresses the diffusion coefficient in terms of the above two chaos quantities, is worked out for a simple map. Part three explains basics of anomalous diffusion by demonstrating the stochastic approach of continuous time random walk theory for an intermittent map. As an example of experimental applications, the anomalous dynamics of biological cell migration is discussed.

nlin.CD↗
arXiv2013

Thermodynamics of quasianti-Hermitian quaternionic systems

Thermodynamics of quasianti-Hermitian quaternionic systems with constant number of particles in equilibrium is studied. A toy model is introduced and the physically relevant quantities are derived. The energy fluctuation which shows that for large N the relative r.m.s fluctuation in the values of E is quite negligible is derived. The negative temperature for such systems is also studied. Finally a physical example is discussed and physical explanations in the context of quantum physics are given.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2008

Mathematical Modeling of Soliton's Evolution in Generalized Quantum Hydrodynamics

This paper addresses the fundamental principles of generalized Boltzmann physical kinetics, as a part of non-local physics. It is shown that the theory of transport processes (including quantum mechanics) can be considered in the frame of unified theory based on the non-local physical description. The paper can be considered also as comments and prolongation of the materials published in the known author's monograph (Boris V. Alexeev, Generalized Boltzmann Physical Kinetics. Elsevier. 2004). The theory leads to solitons as typical formations in the generalized quantum hydrodynamics.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗
arXiv2008

Dimer lambda_d Expansion Computer Computations

In a previous paper an asymptotic expansion for lambda_d in powers of 1/d was developed. The results of computer computations for some terms in the expansion, as well as various quantities associated to the expansion, are herein presented. The computations (in integer arithmetic) are actually done only for d=1, d=2, and d=3, but some results for arbitrary dimension follow from the general structure of the theory. In particular we obtain the next term in powers of 1/d, the 1/d^3 term in the asymptotic expansion for lambda_d, as well as checking the correctness of the terms previously calculated by hand. For d=2 and d=3 a second expansion for lambda_d is defined and numerically studied. Contrary to our hopes this second type of expansion appears not to be convergent. There is not enough evidence to argue if the expansions for lambda_d in powers of 1/d are convergent for either d=2 or d=3, but likely they are not. (Certainly convergence, but at a very slow rate, remains an interesting possibility in all our cases.)

math-ph↗
arXiv2009

A stochastic Keller-Segel model of chemotaxis

We introduce stochastic models of chemotaxis generalizing the deterministic Keller-Segel model. These models include fluctuations which are important in systems with small particle numbers or close to a critical point. Following Dean's approach, we derive the exact kinetic equation satisfied by the density distribution of cells. In the mean field limit where statistical correlations between cells are neglected, we recover the Keller-Segel model governing the smooth density field. We also consider hydrodynamic and kinetic models of chemotaxis that take into account the inertia of the particles and lead to a delay in the adjustment of the velocity of cells with the chemotactic gradient. We make the connection with the Cattaneo model of chemotaxis and the telegraph equation.

cond-mat.stat-mech↗