Searcharxiv⌕ Search

SEARCH · Searcharxiv

Results for “gr-qc”

Search indexed arXiv papers on artificial intelligence, large language models, computer vision and robotics. Read source abstracts and follow links to arXiv.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
arXiv2013

The Physics of the Far Future

We observe the past and present of the universe, but can we predict the far future? Observations suggest that in thousands of billions of years from now most matter and radiation will be absorbed by the cosmological horizon. As it absorbs the contents of the universe, the cosmological horizon is pushed further and further away. In time, the universe asymptotes towards an equilibrium state of the gravitational field. Flat Minkowski space is the limit of this process. It is indistinguishable from a space with an extremely small cosmological constant (Λ-> 0) and thus has divergent entropy.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Scalar black branes with non-AdS asymptotics

Black brane solutions with scalar hair and with non-AdS asymptotics have several features that make them very interesting for holographic applications: (1) They allow to circumvent usual no-hair theorems; (2) They may have a non singular extremal limit in the form of a scalar soliton that interpolates between AdS and non-AdS vacua; (3) They allow for phase transitions between the Schwarzschild-AdS (SADS) and scalar dressed black branes; (4) They give an holographic realization of hyperscaling violation in critical systems. In this note I illustrate these features using an exact integrable Einstein-scalar gravity model.

hep-th↗
arXiv2013

Mapping pure gravity to strings in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter geometry

Strings propagating in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space with a background antisymmetric tensor field are well understood, even at the quantum level. Pure three-dimensional gravity with a negative cosmological constant is potentially important because of the existence of black hole solutions and an asymptotic conformal symmetry, but it is mysterious and surprisingly resistant to analysis. In this letter, the two theories are related by a map on the classical level. The map is obtained by gauge fixing the string completely, like in a light cone gauge, and comparing the resulting constrained theory with the boundary theory obtained from gravity by imposing the appropriate asymptotic boundary conditions. The two theories are formally related as different gauge fixings of the same gauge theory.

hep-th↗
arXiv2013

Closed form solution for the surface area, the capacitance and the demagnetizing factors of the ellipsoid

We derive the closed form solutions for the surface area, the capacitance and the demagnetizing factors of the ellipsoid immersed in the Euclidean space R^3. The exact solutions for the above geometrical and physical properties of the ellipsoid are expressed elegantly in terms of the generalized hypergeometric functions of Appell of two variables. Various limiting cases of the theorems of the exact solution for the surface area, the demagnetizing factors and the capacitance of the ellipsoid are derived, which agree with known solutions for the prolate and oblate spheroids and the sphere. Possible applications of the results achieved, in various fields of science, such as in physics, biology and space science are briefly discussed.

math-ph↗
arXiv2013

Dark matter cavity and amplification of gravitational waves

The linearized Einstein theory in the approximately flat time-space is modified accounting for a massive graviton as a dark matter in the universe. On the basis of magnetic-type Maxwell- Proca -Vlasov equations, the interactions of the gravitoelectromagnetic fields (GEM), involving the vector potential, with gravitons (dark matter) dealing with resonant wave-particle and wave-wave one are studied. It is found that the behavior of the perturbed GEM fields and the perturbed matter density can be described by the nonlinear coupling Eqs.(4.6) and(4.7). It is shown that the perturbed field is instable with respect to the collapse, leading to enhancement of the GE field. In other words, the gravitational waves (GWs) are amplified and concurrently the cluster and cavity of the dark matter formed. And it is referred that the lower limit for graviton mass is $M_{gr}^\geqslant 10^{- 50}(g)$ by the condition to exist stable longitudinal mode.

physics.plasm-ph↗
arXiv2013

Superradiant instability of extremal brane-world Reissner-Nordström black holes to charged scalar perturbations

We examine the stability of extremal braneworld Reissner-Nordström black holes under massive charged scalar perturbations. We show that similar to the four-dimensional case, the superradiant amplification can occur in braneworld charged holes. More interestingly we find that when the spacetime dimension is higher than four, a trapping potential well can emerge outside the braneworld black hole. This potential well is the extra dimensional effect and does not exist in four dimensions. It triggers the superradiant instability of the extremal braneworld charged holes.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Renormalizable Models in Rank $d\geq 2$ Tensorial Group Field Theory

Classes of renormalizable models in the Tensorial Group Field Theory framework are investigated. The rank $d$ tensor fields are defined over $d$ copies of a group manifold $G_D=U(1)^D$ or $G_D= SU(2)^D$ with no symmetry and no gauge invariance assumed on the fields. In particular, we explore the space of renormalizable models endowed with a kinetic term corresponding to a sum of momenta of the form $p^{2a}$, $a\in ]0,1]$. This study is tailored for models equipped with Laplacian dynamics on $G_D$ (case $a=1$) but also for more exotic nonlocal models in quantum topology (case $0<a<1$). A generic model can be written $(_{\dim G_D}Φ^{k}_{d}, a)$, where $k$ is the maximal valence of its interactions. Using a multi-scale analysis for the generic situation, we identify several classes of renormalizable actions including matrix model actions. In this specific instance, we find a tower of renormalizable matrix models parametrized by $k\geq 4$. In a second part of this work, we focus on the UV behavior of the models up to maximal valence of interaction $k =6$. All rank $d\geq 3$ tensor models proved renormalizable are asymptotically free in the UV. All matrix models with $k=4$ have a vanishing $β$-function at one-loop and, very likely, reproduce the same feature of the Grosse-Wulkenhaar model [Commun. Math. Phys. {\bf 256}, 305 (2004)].

hep-th↗
arXiv2013

An Alternative Between Non-unique and Negative Yamabe Solutions to the Conformal Formulation of the Einstein Constraint Equations

The conformal method has been effective for parametrizing solutions to the Einstein constraint equations on closed 3-manifolds. However, it is still not well-understood; for example, existence of solutions to the conformal equations for zero or negative Yamabe metrics is still unknown without the so-called ``CMC'' or ``near-CMC'' assumptions. The first existence results without such assumptions, termed the ``far-from-CMC'' case, were obtained by Holst, Nagy, and Tsogtgerel in 2008 for positive Yamabe metrics. However, their results are based on topological arguments, and as a result solution uniqueness is not known. Indeed, Maxwell gave evidence in 2011 that far-from-CMC solutions are not unique in certain cases. In this article, we provide further insight by establishing a type of alternative theorem for general far-from-CMC solutions. For a given manifold M that admits a metric of positive scalar curvature and scalar flat metric g(0) with no conformal Killing fields, we first prove existence of an analytic, one-parameter family of metrics g(z) through g(0) such that R(g(z)) = z. Using this family of metrics and given data (tau,sigma,rho,j), we form a one-parameter family of operators F((phi,w),z) whose zeros satisfy the conformal equations. Applying Liapnuov-Schmidt reduction, we determine an analytic solution curve for F((phi,w),z) = 0 through a critical point where the linearization of F((phi,w),z) vanishes. The regularity of this curve, the definition of F((phi,w),z), and the earlier far-from-CMC results of Holst et al. allow us to then prove the following alternative theorem for far-from-CMC solutions: either (1) there exists a z_1 >0 such that (positive Yamabe) solutions to the z_1-parameterized conformal equations are non-unique; or (2) there exists z_2 < 0 such that (negative Yamabe) solutions to the z_2-parameterized conformal equations exist.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Decoherence, Entanglement and Cosmic Evolution

The possible imprint of quantum decoherence, in the framework of cosmology, is here investigated. Particular attention is paid to the observational fact that entanglement could lead to the interaction of different eras of cosmic evolution. The role played by decoherence provides the existence of "quantum entanglement" between cosmological eras giving, as observational results, dynamical constraints on the corresponding cosmological models.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Problem of time and Hamiltonian reduction in the (2+2) formalism

We apply the Hamiltonian reduction procedure to general spacetimes of 4-dimensions in the (2+2) formalism and find privileged spacetime coordinates in which the physical Hamiltonian is expressed in true degrees of freedom only, namely, the conformal two-metric on the cross section of null hypersurfaces and its conjugate momentum. The physical time is the area element of the cross section of null hypersurface, and the physical radial coordinate is defined by {\it equipotential} surfaces on a given spacelike hypersurface of constant physical time. The physical Hamiltonian is {\it constraint-free} and manifestly {\it positive-definite} in the privileged coordinates. We present the complete set of the Hamilton's equations, and find that they coincide with the Einstein's equations written in the privileged coordinates. This shows that our Hamiltonian reduction is self-consistent and respects the general covariance. This work is a generalization of ADM Hamiltonian reduction of midi-superspace to 4-dimensional spacetimes with no isometries.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Explaining Phenomenologically Observed Space-time Flatness Requires New Fundamental Scale Physics

The phenomenologically observed flatness - or near flatness - of spacetime cannot be understood as emerging from continuum Planck (or sub-Planck) scales using known physics. Using dimensional arguments it is demonstrated that any immaginable action will lead to Christoffel symbols that are chaotic. We put forward new physics in the form of fundamental fields that spontaneously break translational invariance. Using these new fields as coordinates we define the metric in such a way that the Riemann tensor vanishes identically as a Bianchi identity. Hence the new fundamental fields define a flat space. General relativity with curvature is recovered as an effective theory at larger scales at which crystal defects in the form of disclinations come into play as the sources of curvature.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

The Lambda CDM-model in quantum field theory on curved spacetime and Dark Radiation

In the standard model of cosmology, the universe is described by a Robertson-Walker spacetime, while its matter/energy content is modeled by a perfect fluid with three components corresponding to matter/dust, radiation and a cosmological constant. On the other hand, in particle physics matter and radiation are described in terms of quantum field theory on Minkowski spacetime. We unify these seemingly different theoretical frameworks by analysing the standard model of cosmology from first principles within quantum field theory on curved spacetime: assuming that the universe is homogeneous and isotropic on large scales, we specify a class of quantum states whose expectation value of the energy density is qualitatively and quantitatively of the standard perfect fluid form up to potential corrections. Qualitatively, these corrections depend on new parameters not present in the standard Lambda CDM-model and can account for e.g. the phenomenon of Dark Radiation (N_eff>3.046), having a characteristic signature which clearly deviates from other potential Dark Radiation sources such as e.g. sterile neutrinos. Quantitatively, we find that our more fundamental model can be perfectly matched to observational data, such that we arrive at a natural and fundamental extension of the Lambda CDM-model.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Some Remarks on the Logic of Quantum Gravity

We discuss some conceptual issues that any approach to quantum gravity has to confront. In particular, it is argued that one has to find a theory that can be interpreted in a realist manner, because theories with an instrumentalist interpretation are problematic for several well-known reasons. Since the Hilbert space formalism almost inevitably forces an instrumentalist interpretation on us, we suggest that a theory of quantum gravity should not be based on the Hilbert space formalism. We briefly sketch the topos approach, which makes use of the internal logic of a topos associated with a quantum system and comes with a natural (neo-)realist interpretation. Finally, we make some remarks on the relation between system logic and metalogic.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Pointing LISA-like gravitational wave detectors

Space-based gravitational wave detectors based on the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) design operate by synthesizing one or more interferometers from fringe velocity measurements generated by changes in the light travel time between three spacecraft in a special set of drag-free heliocentric orbits. These orbits determine the inclination of the synthesized interferometer with respect to the ecliptic plane. Once these spacecraft are placed in their orbits, the orientation of the interferometers at any future time is fixed by Kepler's Laws based on the initial orientation of the spacecraft constellation, which may be freely chosen. Over the course of a full solar orbit, the initial orientation determines a set of locations on the sky were the detector has greatest sensitivity to gravitational waves as well as a set of locations where nulls in the detector response fall. By artful choice of the initial orientation, we can choose to optimize or suppress the antennas sensitivity to sources whose location may be known in advance (e.g., the Galactic Center or globular clusters).

astro-ph.IM↗
arXiv2013

The 4-Body Problem in a (1+1)-Dimensional Self-Gravitating System

We report on the results of a study of the motion of a four particle non-relativistic one-dimensional self-gravitating system. We show that the system can be visualized in terms of a single particle moving within a potential whose equipotential surfaces are shaped like a box of pyramid-shaped sides. As such this is the largest $N$-body system that can be visualized in this way. We describe how to classify possible states of motion in terms of Braid Group operators, generalizing this to $N$ bodies. We find that the structure of the phase\textcolor{black}{{} space of each of these systems yields a large variety of interesting dynamics, containing regions of quasiperiodicity and chaos. Lyapunov exponents are calculated for many trajectories to measure stochasticity and previously unseen phenomena in the Lyapunov graphs are observed.

gr-qc↗
arXiv2013

Entanglement Structure of an Open System of $N$ Quantum Oscillators: II. Strong Disparate Couplings N=3

In this paper we study a system of $N$ coupled quantum oscillators interacting with each other directly with varying coupling strengths and indirectly through linear couplings to a scalar massless quantum field as its environment. The influence of the quantum field on the system is calculated with the use of the influence functional formalism. We take the direct route of seeking solutions to the evolutionary operator of the reduced density matrix for the derivation of the correlation functions. They are then used to construct the covariance matrix which we use to perform an analysis of the structure of quantum entanglement in the open system at a stationary state. To see the physical features more explicitly we specialize to a system of three quantum coupled oscillators placed at the vertices of a equilateral triangle and allowed to have disparate pairwise couplings. We analyze the entanglement between one oscillator and the other two with equal (symmetric) and unequal (asymmetric) coupling strengths. As an illustration we use the results for these two different configurations to address two representative issues in macroscopic quantum phenomena. We also mention possible extensions of our work and applications of our analysis and results to issues in some current areas of research in quantum thermodynamics and mesoscopic quantum systems.

quant-ph↗
arXiv2013

Holographic Fluctuations from Unitary de Sitter Invariant Field Theory

We continue the study of inflationary fluctuations in Holographic Space Time models of inflation. We argue that the holographic theory of inflation provides a physical context for what is often called dS/CFT. The holographic theory is a quantum theory which, in the limit of a large number of e-foldings, gives rise to a field theory on $S^3$, which is the representation space for a unitary representation of SO(1,4). This is not a conventional CFT, and we do not know the detailed non-perturbative axioms for correlation functions. However, the two- and three-point functions are completely determined by symmetry, and coincide up to a few constants (really functions of the background FRW geometry) with those calculated in a single field slow-roll inflation model. The only significant deviation from slow roll is in the tensor fluctuations. We predict zero tensor tilt and roughly equal weight for all three conformally invariant tensor 3-point functions (unless parity is imposed as a symmetry). We discuss the relation between our results and those of Maldacena, McFadden, Skenderis, and others. Current data can be explained in terms of symmetries and a few general principles, and is consistent with a large class of models, including HST.

hep-th↗