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We consider several algebras that arise in the study of the mapping class group (by means of topology and Hodge theory) and describe their symplectic-invariant parts in terms of algebras on trivalent graphs.
We introduce the notion of weight system for finite type invariants of integral homology 3-spheres, and we show that invariants of type m are determined, modulo invariants of type m-1, by their associated weight system.
An 'isomorphism' between the 'moduli space' of star products on $\R^2$ and the 'moduli space' of all formal Poisson structures on $\R^2$ is established.
An n-category is some sort of algebraic structure consisting of objects, morphisms between objects, 2-morphisms between morphisms, and so on up to n-morphisms, together with various ways of composing them. We survey various concepts of n-category, with an emphasis on `weak' n-categories, in which all rules governing the composition of j-morphisms hold only up to equivalence. (An n-morphism is an equivalence if it is invertible, while a j-morphism for j < n is an equivalence if it is invertible up to a (j+1)-morphism that is an equivalence.) We discuss applications of weak n-categories to various subjects including homotopy theory and topological quantum field theory, and review the definition of weak n-categories recently proposed by Dolan and the author.
The decompositions of the Fock and Basic modules of the affine Lie algebra \hat{sl(N)} into irreducible submodules of the Yangian algebra Y(gl(N)) are constructed. Each of the irreducible submodules admits the unique up to normalization eigenbasis of the maximal commutative subalgebra of the Yangian. The elements of this eigenbasis are identified with specializations of Macdonald symmetric functions where both parameters of these functions approach an N-th primitive root of unity.
Our experience shows that dealing with noncommutative objects one should not imitate the classical commutative mathematics, but follow "the way it is" starting with basics. In this paper we consider mainly two such problems: noncommutative Plücker coordinates (as a background of a noncommutative geometry) and noncommutative Bezout and Vieta theorems (as a background of noncommutative algebra). We apply these results to the theory of noncommutative symmetric functions started by Gelfand, Krob, Lascoux, Leclerc, Retakh, Thibon. We also continue our investigation of noncommutative continued fractions and almost triangular matrices. It turns out that this problem is related with a computation of quantum cohomology.
We describe the cell structure of the affine Temperley-Lieb algebra with respect to a monomial basis. We construct a diagram calculus for this algebra.
Path integrals don't really exist, but it is very useful to dream that they do exist, and figure out the consequences. Apart from describing much of the physical world as we now know it, these dreams also lead to some highly non-trivial mathematical theorems and theories. We argue that even though non-trivial flat connections on S^3 don't really exist, it is beneficial to dream that one exists (and, in fact, that it comes from the non-existent Chern-Simons path integral). Dreaming the right way, we are led to a rigorous construction of a universal finite-type invariant of rational homology spheres. We show that this invariant is equal to the LMO (Le-Murakami-Ohtsuki) invariant and that it recovers the Rozansky and Ohtsuki invariants. This is part I of a 4-part series, containing the introductions and answers to some frequently asked questions. Theorems are stated but not proved in this part, and it can be viewed as a "research announcement". Part II of this series is titled "Invariance and Universality" (see math/9801049), part III "The Relation with the Le-Murakami-Ohtsuki Invariant" (see math/9808013), and part IV "The Relation with the Rozansky and Ohtsuki Invariants".
The article is devoted to the describtion of quasitriangular structures (universal R-matrices) on cocommutative Hopf algebras. It is known that such structures are concentrated on finite dimensional Hopf subalgebras. In particular, quasitriangular structure on group algebra is defined by the pairs of normal inclusions of an finite abelian group and by invariant bimultiplicative form on it. The structure is triangular in the case of coinciding inclusions and skewsymmetric form. The nonstandart $λ$-structure on the representation ring of finite group, corresponding to the triangular structure on group ring, is described.
The recent focus on deformations of algebras called quantum algebras can be attributed to the fact that they appear to be the basic algebraic structures underlying an amazingly diverse set of physical situations. To date many interesting features of these algebras have been found and they are now known to belong to a class of algebras called Hopf algebras [1]. The remarkable aspect of these structures is that they can be regarded as deformations of the usual Lie algebras. Of late, there has been a considerable interest in the deformation of the Virasoro algebra and the underlying Heisenberg algebra [2-11]. In this letter we focus our attention on deforming generalizations of these algebras, namely the Krichever-Novikov (KN) algebra and its associated Heisenberg algebra.
In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the diagonalization of the higher spin Heisenberg model using its quantum affine symmetry $U_q(\hat{sl(2)})$. In particular, we describe the bosonizations of the latter algebra, its highest weight representations, vertex operators and screening operators. Finally, we use this bosonization method to compute the vacuum-to-vacuum expectation values and the form factors of any local operator.
Free coherent states for a system with p degrees of freedom are defined. An isomorphism of the space of free coherent states to the space of distributions on p-adic disk is constructed.
Let B be the crystal basis of the minus part of the quantized enveloping algebra of a semi-simple Lie algebra. Kashiwara has shown that B has a combinatorial description in terms of an embedding of B into the tensor product of B and k abstract crystals B_{i_j}, j=1,2,...,k, where the longest word in the Weyl group is s_{i_1}...s_{i_k}. We give an explicit description of the image of this embedding for classical Lie algebras of types A, B, C, D. This description is in terms of semi-standard Young tableaux of types A, B, C, D defined by Kashiwara and Nakashima.
We show that noncommutative differential forms on $k[x]$, $k$ a field, are of the form $Ω^1=k_λ[x]$ where $k_λ\supset k$ is a field extension. We compute the case $C\supset R$ explicitly, where $Ω^1$ is 2-dimensional. We study the induced quantum de Rahm complex, its cohomology and the associated moduli space of flat connections.
The notion of singular one-parameter deformation of a Lie algebra is introduced. It is shown that the complex infinite-dimensional Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields in C with trivial 1-jet at the origin has such singular deformation.
In this paper we study a class of modules over infinite-dimensional Lie (super)algebras, which we call conformal modules. In particular we classify and construct explicitly all irreducible conformal modules over the Virasoro and the N=1 Neveu-Schwarz algebras, and over the current algebras.
The theory of non-symmetric Jack polynomials is developed independently of the theory of symmetric Jack polynomials, and this theory together with the relationship between the non-symmetric, symmetric and anti-symmetric Jack polynomials is used to deduce the corresponding results for the symmetric Jack polynomials.
The five parameter family of multivariable Askey-Wilson polynomials is studied with four parameters generically complex. The multivariable Askey-Wilson polynomials form an orthogonal system with respect to an explicit (in general complex) measure. A partially discrete orthogonality measure is obtained by shifting the contour to the torus while picking up residues. A parameter domain is given for which the partially discrete orthogonality measure is positive. The orthogonality relations and norm evaluations for multivariable q-Racah polynomials and multivariable big and little q-Jacobi polynomials are proved by taking suitable limits in the orthogonality relations for the multivariable Askey-Wilson polynomials. In particular new proofs of several well known q-analogues of the Selberg integral are obtained.