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arXiv1997

The Laplace Transform Method for Linear Differential Equations of the Fractional Order

The Laplace transform method for solving of a wide class of initial value problems for fractional differential equations is introduced. The method is based on the Laplace transform of the Mittag-Leffler function in two parameters. To extend the proposed method for the case of so-called "sequential" fractional differential equations, the Laplace transform for the ''sequential'' fractional derivative is also obtained. Besides that, tools necessary for testing candidate solutions by direct substitution in corresponding equations are introduced: fractional derivatives of the Mittag-Leffler function and the rule for the fractional differentiation of integrals depending on a parameter. Definition of the fractional Green's function is given and some of its properties, necessary for constructing solutions of initial-value problems for fractional linear differential equations, are presented. Explicit expressions for the fractional Green's function for the special cases of one-, two-, three- and four-term equations are given, as well as the explicit expression for an arbitrary n-term fractional linear ordinary differential equation with constant coefficients. Several examples of solution of various types of fractional differential equations, including fractional diffusion-wave equation. The bibliography (54 items) covers many field of possible application of fractional derivatives.

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arXiv1998

On a class of stochastic differential equations used in quantum optics

Stochastic differential equations for processes with values in Hilbert spaces are now largely used in the quantum theory of open systems. In this work we present a class of such equations and discuss their main properties; moreover, we explain how they are derived from purely quantum mechanical models, where the dynamics is represented by a unitary evolution in a Hilbert space, and how they are related to the theory of continual measurements. An essential tool is an isomorphism between the bosonic Fock space and the Wiener space, which allow to connect certain quantum objects with probabilistic ones.

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arXiv1997

An Addendum to Krein's Formula

We provide additional results in connection with Krein's formula, which describes the resolvent difference of two self-adjoint extensions A_1 and A_2 of a densely defined closed symmetric linear operator A with (possibly infinite) equal deficiency indices. In particular, we explicitly derive the linear fractional transformation relating the operator-valued Weyl-Titchmarsh M-functions M_1(z) and M_2(z) corresponding to A_1 and A_2.

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arXiv1997

Pure states on O_d

We study representations of the Cuntz algebras O_d and their associated decompositions. In the case that these representations are irreducible, their restrictions to the gauge-invariant subalgebra UHF_d have an interesting cyclic structure. If S_i, 1 \leq i \leq d, are representatives of the Cuntz relations on a Hilbert space H, special attention is given to the subspaces which are invariant under S_i^*. The applications include wavelet multiresolutions corresponding to wavelets of compact support (to appear in the later paper \cite{BEJ97}), and finitely correlated states on one-dimensional quantum spin chains.

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arXiv1997

Cyclic Cohomology of Etale Groupoids; The General Case

We give a general method for computing the cyclic cohomology of crossed products by etale groupoids, extending the Feigin-Tsygan-Nistor spectral sequences. In particular we extend the computations performed by Brylinski, Burghelea,Connes and Nistor for the convolution algebra -of compactly supported smooth functions- of an etale groupoid, removing the Hausdorffness assumption and including the computation of the hyperbolic components. Examples like group actions on manifolds and foliations are considered.

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arXiv1997

Embedding of exact C*-algebras and continuous fields in the Cuntz algebra O_2

We prove that any separable exact C*-algebra is isomorphic to a subalgebra of the Cuntz algebra ${\cal O}_2.$ We further prove that if $A$ is a simple separable unital nuclear C*-algebra, then ${\cal O}_2 \otimes A \cong {\cal O}_2,$ and if, in addition, $A$ is purely infinite, then ${\cal O}_{\infty} \otimes A \cong A.$ The embedding of exact C*-algebras in $\OA{2}$ is continuous in the following sense. If $A$ is a continuous field of C*-algebras over a compact manifold or finite CW complex $X$ with fiber $A (x)$ over $x \in X,$ such that the algebra of continuous sections of $A$ is separable and exact, then there is a family of injective homomorphisms $ϕ_x : A (x) \to {\cal O}_2$ such that for every continuous section $a$ of $A$ the function $x \mapsto ϕ_x (a (x))$ is continuous. Moreover, one can say something about the modulus of continuity of the functions $x \mapsto ϕ_x (a (x))$ in terms of the structure of the continuous field. In particular, we show that the continuous field $θ\mapsto A_θ$ of rotation algebras posesses unital embeddings $ϕ_θ$ in ${\cal O}_2$ such that the standard generators $u (θ)$ and $v (θ)$ are mapped to $\operatorname{Lip}^{1/2}$ functions.

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arXiv1997

Analysis in $R^{1,1}$ or the Principal Function Theory

We explore a function theory connected with the principal series representation of SL(2,R) in contrast to standard complex analysis connected with the discrete series. We construct counterparts for the Cauchy integral formula, the Hardy space, the Cauchy-Riemann equation and the Taylor expansion. Keywords: Complex analysis, Cauchy integral formula, Hardy space, Taylor expansion, Cauchy-Riemann equations, Dirac operator, group representations, SL(2,R), discrete series, principal series, wavelet transform, coherent states.

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arXiv1997

On Matrix-Valued Herglotz Functions

We provide a comprehensive analysis of matrix-valued Herglotz functions and illustrate their applications in the spectral theory of self-adjoint Hamiltonian systems including matrix-valued Schrödinger and Dirac-type operators. Special emphasis is devoted to appropriate matrix-valued extensions of the well-known Aronszajn-Donoghue theory concerning support properties of measures in their Nevanlinna-Riesz-Herglotz representation. In particular, we study a class of linear fractional transformations M_A(z) of a given n \times n Herglotz matrix M(z) and prove that the minimal support of the absolutely continuos part of the measure associated to M_A(z) is invariant under these linear fractional transformations. Additional applications discussed in detail include self-adjoint finite-rank perturbations of self-adjoint operators, self-adjoint extensions of densely defined symmetric linear operators (especially, Friedrichs and Krein extensions), model operators for these two cases, and associated realization theorems for certain classes of Herglotz matrices.

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arXiv2000

Hilbert norms for graded algebras

This paper presents a solution to a problem from superanalysis about the existence of Hilbert-Banach superalgebras. Two main results are derived: 1) There exist Hilbert norms on some graded algebras (infinite-dimensional superalgebras included) with respect to which the multiplication is continuous. 2) Such norms cannot be chosen to be submultiplicative and equal to one on the unit of the algebra.

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arXiv2024

Tensor Products of Fell Bundles over Groups

We extend the theory of tensor products of C*-algebras to the larger category of Fell bundles over locally compact groups. We prove that, like in the case of C*-algebras, there exist maximal and minimal tensor products. Given two Fell bundles, we compare the tensor products of their cross-sectional algebras with the cross-sectional algebras of their tensor products. As applications we prove that, under certain conditions, the cross-sectional C*-algebra of a Fell bundle is nuclear or exact whenever so is its fiber over the unit element of the group.

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arXiv1997

Partial dynamical systems and C*-algebras generated by partial isometries

A collection of partial isometries whose range and initial projections satisfy a specified set of conditions often gives rise to a partial representation of a group. The C*-algebra generated by the partial isometries is thus a quotient of the universal C*-algebra for partial representations of the group, from which it inherits a crossed product structure, of an abelian C*-algebra by a partial action of the group. Questions of faithfulness of representations, simplicity, and ideal structure of these C*-algebras can then be addressed in a unified manner from within the theory of partial actions. We do this here, focusing on two key properties of partial dynamical systems, namely amenability and topological freeness; they are the essential ingredients of our main results in which we characterize faithful representations, simplicity and the ideal structure of crossed products. As applications we consider three situations involving C*-algebras generated by partial isometries: partial representations of groups, Toeplitz algebras of quasi-lattice ordered groups, and Cuntz-Krieger algebras. These C*-algebras share a crossed product structure which we give here explicitly and which we use to study them in terms of the underlying partial actions.

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arXiv1998

Cuntz-Krieger algebras for infinite matrices

Given an arbitrary infinite 0--1 matrix A having no identically zero rows, we define an algebra OA as the universal C*-algebra generated by partial isometries subject to conditions that generalize, to the infinite case, those introduced by Cuntz and Krieger for finite matrices. We realize OA as the crossed product algebra for a partial dynamical system and, based on this description, we extend to the infinite case some of the main results known to hold in the finite case, namely the uniqueness theorem, the classification of ideals, and the simplicity criteria. OA is always nuclear and we obtain conditions for it to be unital and purely infinite.

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arXiv1998

Equivariance and Imprimitivity for Discrete Hopf C*-Coactions

Let U, V, and W be multiplicative unitaries coming from discrete Kac systems such that W is an amenable normal submultiplicative unitary of V with quotient U. We define notions for right-Hilbert bimodules of coactions of S_V and (S_V)^, their restrictions to S_W and (S_U)^, their dual coactions, and their full and reduced crossed products. If N(A) denotes the imprimitivity bimodule associated to any coaction of S_V on a C*-algebra A by Ng's imprimitivity theorem, then for any suitably nondegenerate injective coaction of S_V on a right-Hilbert A - B bimodule X we establish an isomorphism between two tensor product bimodules involving N(A), N(B), and certain crossed products of X. This can be interpreted as a natural transformation between two crossed-product functors.

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arXiv1997

C*-Crossed Products by Twisted Inverse Semigroup Actions

The notions of Busby-Smith and Green type twisted actions are extended to discrete unital inverse semigroups. The connection between the two types, and the connection with twisted partial actions, are investigated. Decomposition theorems for the twisted crossed products are given.

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