SEARCH · Searcharxiv

Results for “plasm-ph”

Search indexed arXiv papers on artificial intelligence, large language models, computer vision and robotics. Read source abstracts and follow links to arXiv.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

arXiv1995

Detailed Radiative Transport Modeling of a Radiative Divertor

An effective radiative divertor maximizes the utilization of atomic processes to spread out the energy deposition to the divertor chamber walls and to reduce the peak heat flux. Because the mixture of neutral atoms and ions in the divertor can be optically thick to a portion of radiated power, it is necessary to accurately model the magnitude and distribution of line radiation in this complex region. To assess their importance we calculate the effects of radiation transport using CRETIN, a multi-dimensional, non-local thermodynamic equilibrium simulation code that includes the atomic kinetics and radiative transport processes necessary to model the complex environment of a radiative divertor. We also include neutral transport to model radiation from recycling neutral atoms. This paper presents a case study of a high-recycling radiative divertor with a typical large neutral pressure at the divertor plate to estimate the impact of H line radiation on the overall power balance in the divertor region with consideration for line opacities and atomic kinetics.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Nonradiative proton--deuteron fusion in stellar plasma

The nuclear reaction e+p+d -----> He3 + e is considered at thermonuclear energies. The motion of the electron is treated within the adiabatic approximation and the pd scattering state is constructed in the form of an antisymmetrized product of the bound state wave function of the deuteron and of the wave function of the pd relative motion. The latter is calculated using an effective pd potential constructed via the Marchenko inverse scattering method. The bound state wave function of He3 is obtained using Faddeev--type integrodifferential equations. The reaction rate thus obtained for the solar interior conditions is approximately 10^{-4} of the corresponding rate for the radiative capture pd ----> He3 + gamma .

nucl-th↗

arXiv2004

Conductivity of a Relativistic Plasma

The collision operator for a relativistic plasma is reformulated in terms of an expansion in spherical harmonics. In this formulation the collision operator is expressed in terms of five scalar potentials which are given by one-dimensional integrals over the distribution function. This formulation is used to calculate the electrical conductivity of a uniform electron-ion plasma with infinitely massive ions.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Iso-topological relaxation, coherent structures, and Gaussian turbulence in two dimensional magnetohydrodynamics

The long-time relaxation of ideal two dimensional magnetohydrodynamic turbulence subject to the conservation of two infinite families of constants of motion---the magnetic and the "cross" topology invariants--is examined. The analysis of the Gibbs ensemble, where all integrals of motion are respected, predicts the initial state to evolve into an equilibrium, stable coherent structure (the most probable state) and decaying Gaussian turbulence (fluctuations) with a vanishing, but always positive temperature. The non-dissipative turbulence decay is accompanied by decrease in both the amplitude and the length scale of the fluctuations, so that the fluctuation energy remains finite. The coherent structure represents a set of singular magnetic islands with plasma flow whose magnetic topology is identical to that of the initial state, while the energy and the cross topology invariants are shared between the coherent structure and the Gaussian turbulence. These conservation laws suggest the variational principle of iso-topological relaxation which allows us to predict the appearance of the final state from a given initial state. For a generic initial condition having X points in the magnetic field, the coherent structure has universal types of singularities: current sheets terminating at Y points. These structures, which are similar to those resulting from the 2D relaxation of magnetic field frozen into an ideally conducting viscous fluid, are observed in the numerical experiment of Biskamp and Welter. The Gibbs ensemble method developed in this work admits extension to other Hamiltonian systems with invariants not higher than quadratic in the highest-order-derivative variables. The turbulence in two dimensional Euler fluid is of a different nature: there the coherent structures are also formed, but the fluctuations about these structures are non-Gaussian.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1995

Calculations of Energy Losses due to Atomic Processes in Tokamaks with Applications to the ITER Divertor

Reduction of the peak heat loads on the plasma facing components is essential for the success of the next generation of high fusion power tokamaks such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) 1 . Many present concepts for accomplishing this involve the use of atomic processes to transfer the heat from the plasma to the main chamber and divertor chamber walls and much of the experimental and theoretical physics research in the fusion program is directed toward this issue. The results of these experiments and calculations are the result of a complex interplay of many processes. In order to identify the key features of these experiments and calculations and the relative role of the primary atomic processes, simple quasi-analytic models and the latest atomic physics rate coefficients and cross sections have been used to assess the relative roles of central radiation losses through bremsstrahlung, impurity radiation losses from the plasma edge, charge exchange and hydrogen radiation losses from the scrape-off layer and divertor plasma and impurity radiation losses from the divertor plasma. This anaysis indicates that bremsstrahlung from the plasma center and impurity radiation from the plasma edge and divertor plasma can each play a significant role in reducing the power to the divertor plates, and identifies many of the factors which determine the relative role of each process. For instance, for radiation losses in the divertor to be large enough to radiate the power in the divertor for high power experiments, a neutral fraction of 10-3 to 10-2 and an impurity recycling rate of netrecycle of ~ 10^16 s m^-3 will be required in the divertor.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Ionization equilibrium of hot hydrogen plasma

The hydrogen plasma is studied at temperatures T ~ 10^4 - 10^6 K using the free energy minimization method. A simple analytic free energy model is proposed which is accurate at densities up to 1 g/cc and yields convergent internal partition function of atoms. The occupation probability formalism is modified for solving the ionization equilibrium problem. The ionization degree and equation of state are calculated and compared with the results of other models.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

On the conical refraction of hydromagnetic waves in plasma with anisotropic thermal pressure: general consideration

A phenomenon analogous to the conical refraction well-known in the crystalooptics and crystaloacoustics is considered for the magnetohydrodynamical waves in a collisionless plasma with anisotropic thermal pressure. Imposing the most general (generalization of Tsiklauri, 1996, Phys. Plasmas, 3, 800) condition for the existence of the phenomenon, angle of the conical refraction is calculated which appeared to be dependent on the ratio of the Alfven velocity and sound speed measured in the perpendicular direction in respect to the external magnetic field. Feasible ways of experimental demonstration of the phenomenon are discussed and a novelty brought by the general consideration is outlined.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1995

On the conical refraction of hydromagnetic waves in plasma with anisotropic thermal pressure

A phenomenon analogous to the conical refraction widely known in the crystalooptics and crystaloacoustics is discovered for the magnetohydrodynamical waves in the collisionless plasma with anisotropic thermal pressure. Angle of the conical refraction is calculated for the medium under study which is predicted to be $18^{\circ}26^{\prime}$. Possible experimental corroborating of the discovered phenomenon is discussed.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Theory of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Transport Bifurcations

The development and time evolution of a transport barrier in a magnetically confined plasma with non-monotonic, nonlinear dependence of the anomalous flux on mean gradients is analyzed. Upon consideration of both the spatial inhomogeneity and the gradient nonlinearity of the transport coefficient, we find that the transition develops as a bifurcation front with radially propagating discontinuity in local gradient. The spatial location of the transport barrier as a function of input flux is calculated. The analysis indicates that for powers slightly above threshold, the barrier location $x_b(t) \sim ( D_n t (P-P_c)/P_c)^{1/2},$ where $P_c$ is the local transition power threshold and $D_n$ is the neoclassical diffusivity . This result suggests a simple explanation of the high disruptivity observed in reversed shear plasmas. The basic conclusions of this theory are insensitive to the details of the local transport model.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Magnetohydrodynamic equilibria of a cylindrical plasma with poloidal mass flow and arbitrary cross section shape

The equilibrium of a cylindrical plasma with purely poloidal mass flow and cross section of arbitrary shape is investigated within the framework of the ideal MHD theory. For the system under consideration it is shown that only incompressible flows are possible and, conscequently, the general two dimensional flow equilibrium equations reduce to a single second-order quasilinear partial differential equation for the poloidal magnetic flux function $ψ$, in which four profile functionals of $ψ$ appear. Apart from a singularity occuring when the modulus of Mach number associated with the Alfvén velocity for the poloidal magnetic field is unity, this equation is always elliptic and permits the construction of several classes of analytic solutions. Specific exact equlibria for a plasma confined within a perfectly conducting circular cylindrical boundary and having i) a flat current density and ii) a peaked current density are obtained and studied.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Giant Coulomb broadening and Raman lasing on ionic transitions

CW generation of anti-Stokes Raman laser on a number of blue-green argon-ion lines (4p-4s, 4p-3d) has been demonstrated with optical pumping from metastable levels 3d'^2G, 3d^4F. It is found, that the population transfer rate is increased by a factor of 3-5 (and hence, the output power of such Raman laser) owing to Coulomb diffusion in the velocity space. Measured are the excitation and relaxation rates for the metastable level. The Bennett hole on the metastable level has been recorded using the probe field technique. It has been shown that the Coulomb diffusion changes shape of the contour to exponential cusp profile while its width becomes 100 times the Lorentzian one and reaches values close to the Doppler width. Such a giant broadening is also confirmed by the shape of the absorption saturation curve.

atom-ph↗

arXiv1996

Beat-wave generation of plasmons in semiconductor plasmas

It is shown that in semiconductor plasmas, it is possible to generate large amplitude plasma waves by the beating of two laser beams with frequency difference close to the plasma frequency. For narrow gap semiconductors (for example n-type InSb), the system can simulate the physics underlying beat wave generation in relativistic gaseous plasmas.

cond-mat↗

arXiv1996

Negative-Energy Perturbations in Circularly Cylindrical Equilibria within the Framework of Maxwell-Drift Kinetic Theory

The conditions for the existence of negative-energy perturbations (which could be nonlinearly unstable and cause anomalous transport) are investigated in the framework of linearized collisionless Maxwell-drift kinetic theory for the case of equilibria of magnetically confined, circularly cylindrical plasmas and vanishing initial field perturbations. For wave vectors with a non-vanishing component parallel to the magnetic field, the plane equilibrium conditions (derived by Throumoulopoulos and Pfirsch [Phys Rev. E {\bf 49}, 3290 (1994)]) are shown to remain valid, while the condition for perpendicular perturbations (which are found to be the most important modes) is modified. Consequently, besides the tokamak equilibrium regime in which the existence of negative-energy perturbations is related to the threshold value of 2/3 of the quantity $η_ν= \frac {\partial \ln T_ν} {\partial \ln N_ν}$, a new regime appears, not present in plane equilibria, in which negative-energy perturbations exist for {\em any} value of $η_ν$. For various analytic cold-ion tokamak equilibria a substantial fraction of thermal electrons are associated with negative-energy perturbations (active particles). In particular, for linearly stable equilibria of a paramagnetic plasma with flat electron temperature profile ($η_e=0$), the entire velocity space is occupied by active electrons. The part of the velocity space occupied by active particles increases from the center to the plasma edge and is larger in a paramagnetic plasma than in a diamagnetic plasma with the same pressure profile. It is also shown that, unlike in plane equilibria, negative-energy perturbations exist in force-free reversed-field pinch equilibria with a substantial fraction of active particles.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Localized structures of electromagnetic waves in hot electron-positronplasmas

The dynamics of relativistically strong electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation in hot electron-positron plasma is investigated. The possibility of finding localized stationary structures of EM waves is explored. It is shown that under certain conditions the EM wave forms a stable localized soliton-like structures where plasma is completely expelled from the region of EM field location.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1995

Narrowing of Bennett Hole in Collisional Plasma

The profile of a Bennett hole induced by laser field in ionic distribution in collisional plasma is calculated. Influence of Chandrasekhar's dependence of coefficients of velocity space transport on the profile is included into the calculation for the first time. It is found that the hole narrows down as the field detuning frequency increases. Physical cause of the effect is the falling dependence of Coulomb collision frequency on the ionic velocity. Estimations show that the effect is quite observable under conditions of high-current gas-discharge plasma.

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Relativistic ponderomotive force, uphill acceleration, and transition to chaos

Starting from a covariant cycle-averaged Lagrangian the relativistic oscillation center equation of motion of a point charge is deduced and analytical formulae for the ponderomotive force in a travelling wave of arbitrary strength are presented. It is further shown that the ponderomotive forces for transverse and longitudinal waves are different; in the latter, uphill acceleration can occur. In a standing wave there exists a threshold intensity above which, owing to transition to chaos, the secular motion can no longer be described by a regular ponderomotive force. PACS number(s): 52.20.Dq,05.45.+b,52.35.Mw,52.60.+h

plasm-ph↗

arXiv1996

Overcoming the Back Reaction on Turbulent Motions in the Presence of Magnetic Fields

Standard magnetohydrodynamic theories, such as the mean field dynamo theory, have been criticized when the back reaction of the magnetic field on turbulent motions is neglected. For the dynamo, this back reaction has been argued to suppress the turbulent motions required for optimal mean field production. Here it is suggested that if the magnetic field is spatially intermittent, for example residing in flux tubes, the back reaction on turbulent flows may be significantly reduced.

astro-ph↗

arXiv1996

Nonlinear saturation of electrostatic waves: mobile ions modify trapping scaling

The amplitude equation for an unstable electrostatic wave in a multi-species Vlasov plasma has been derived. The dynamics of the mode amplitude $ρ(t)$ is studied using an expansion in $ρ$; in particular, in the limit $γ\rightarrow0^+$, the singularities in the expansion coefficients are analyzed to predict the asymptotic dependence of the electric field on the linear growth rate $γ$. Generically $|E_k|\sim γ^{5/2}$, as $γ\rightarrow0^+$, but in the limit of infinite ion mass or for instabilities in reflection-symmetric systems due to real eigenvalues the more familiar trapping scaling $|E_k|\sim γ^{2}$ is predicted.

patt-sol↗