Searcharxiv⌕ Search

SEARCH · Searcharxiv

Results for “physics.gen-ph”

Search indexed arXiv papers on artificial intelligence, large language models, computer vision and robotics. Read source abstracts and follow links to arXiv.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 361 records · Page 20Linked to original sources
arXiv2009

The unperformed experiment as an act of annihilation

Here, we accept the results of quantum experiments at face value and we make no apology for the failure of classical physics. Just as Wheeler has called particle detection an "act of creation", we suggest that, in some circumstances, not detecting the particle might be considered an "act of annihilation". We propose a delayed choice experiment in which we decide to interrupt an experiment after the particle has supposedly passed through the preparation apparatus and is on the verge of being detected. Even with the detection device in place, the particle is nowhere to be found.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

A Canonical Quantization formalism of curvature squared action

The generalized Einstein action is treated quantum mechanically by using a quadratic lagrangian form. The canonical quantization of this action is obtained by using the auxiliary variable to define the generalized momentum. Physical constraints are imposed on the surface term, which is defined to be the cosmological constant. One obtains the familiar Wheeler-de Witt equation. The solution of this equation is in conformity with General Relativity (GR) .In addition to the fact that it is free from GR setbacks at the early universe, since it gives time decaying cosmological constant. The wave function of the universe and the cosmic scale factor are complex quantities, which indicates the existance of quantum effects.2.7k, CBR temperature is calculated.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Postulates and Experimental Features in Maxwell's Electromagnetic Equations

The Maxwell integral equations expressing Ampere's and Faraday's laws are shown to be affected by heavy physical approximations. The usual deduction from them, moreover, of the corresponding set of differential Maxwell equations is based, in general, on a wrong use of the Stokes theorem. The equivalence, therefore, between the two sets of equations must be reconsidered. Interesting conclusions may be drawn from the comparison between the experimental set-ups of the Faraday's law and of the Aharonov-Bohm effect.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2012

The Mechanics of the Systems of Structured Particles

The mechanics of the structured particles develops. The substantiation of applicability of such mechanics for the description of processes of evolution in open nonequilibrium systems is offered. The consequences following from the equations of dynamics of structured particles are analyzed.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Gibbs Free Energy Analysis of a Quantum Analog of the Classical Binary Symmetric Channel

The Gibbs free energy properties of a quantum {\it send, receive} communications system are studied. The communications model resembles the classical Ising model of spins on a lattice in that the joint state of the quantum system is the product of sender and receiver states. However, the system differs from the classical case in that the sender and receiver spin states are quantum superposition states coupled by a Hamiltonian operator. A basic understanding of these states is directly relevant to communications theory and indirectly relevant to computation since the product states form a basis for entangled states. Highlights of the study include an exact method for decimation for quantum spins. The main result is that the minimum Gibbs free energy of the quantum system in the product state is higher (lower capacity) than a classical system with the same parameter values. The result is both surprising and not. The channel characteristics of the quantum system in the product state are markedly inferior to those of the classical Ising system. Intuitively, it would seem that capacity should suffer as a result. Yet, one would expect entangled states, built from product states, to have better correlation properties.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Determination of the Minimal Length by Microscopic Black Hole Temperature

Generalizing results of our previous work (where classical kinetic energy has been used) in this work (where ultra-relativistic kinetic energy is used) we suggest an original variant of the determination of minimal length (corresponding to Plank length) by formation of a microscopic (tiny) black hole. Like to some previous authors we use Heisenberg coordinate-momentum uncertainty relation, on the one hand. But, instead of metric fluctuation (obtained by second derivative in Einstein equations) that generalizes uncertainty relation by an additional term, used by previous authors, we use Hawking temperature of the black hole and standard Heisenberg coordinate-momentum uncertainty relation.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2010

Phenomenological quark-lepton mass relations and neutrino mass estimations

Based on the experimental data and estimations of the charged leptons and quarks masses, a close power law with exponent 3/4 has been found, connecting charged leptons masses and up quarks masses. A similar mass relation has been suggested for the masses of neutral leptons and down quarks. The latter mass relation and the results of the solar and atmospheric neutrino experiments have been used for prediction of neutrino masses. The obtained masses of electron neutrino, muon neutrino and tau neutrino are 0.0003 eV, 0.003 eV and 0.04 eV, respectively. These values are compatible with the recent experimental data and support the normal hierarchy of neutrino masses.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

`Zero-spin-photon hypothesis' finds another important application: Could possibly solve the `infinity-problem' of QED without the need of renormalization

`Zero-spin-photon hypothesis' as proposed in an earlier paper [1] states that: `due to inevitable consequence of the second-law of thermodynamics and spin-conservation, the `zero-spin-photon' is generated in pair-production process (of elementary particles), which decays into neutrino and antineutrino'. The zero-spin photon hypothesis explains [1] several riddles of physics and universe. In the present paper, it is shown that `the zero-spin photon hypothesis' when incorporated into the higer-order Feynman diagram (with a closed-loop) could possibly solve the half-a-century-old and famous `infinity-problem' of QED, and thus could avoid the need of the so called `re-normalization' procedure.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Bridge Theory: Oltre la Frontiera Quantistica

Bridge Theory was born in 1979 from a simple idea. An observer of a dipolar source cannot measure instantaneously all the energy and momentum effectively produced along the own line of view because the source has not a spherical symmetry. This physical circumstance has as consequence that the energy and momentum localised inside the source zone is equivalent to one of a photon. The new approach to quantisation appears to be a bridge between quantum mechanics and electromagnetic theory with many intriguing future develops.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Unravelling the Dark Matter - Dark Energy Paradigm

The standard LambdaCDM model of cosmology is usually understood to arise from demanding that the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) metric satisfy the General Relativity dynamics for spacetime metrics. The FLRW data-based dominant parameter values, Omega_Lambda=0.73 and Omega_m=0.27 for the dark energy and dark matter+matter, respectively, are then determined by fitting the supernova red-shift data. However in the pressure-less flat-space case the LambdaCDM model is most easily derived from Newtonian gravity, and which was based on the special case of planetary motion in the solar system. Not surprisingly when extended to galactic rotations and cosmology Newtonian dynamics is found to be wanting, and the fix-up involves introducing dark matter and dark energy, as shown herein. However a different theory of gravity leads to a different account of galactic rotations and cosmology, and does not require dark matter nor dark energy to fit the supernova data. It is shown that fitting the LambdaCDM model to this new model, and so independently of the actual supernova data, requires the LambdaCDM model parameters to be those given above. Hence we conclude that dark energy and dark matter are no more than mathematical artifacts to fix-up limitations of Newtonian gravity. Various other data are also briefly reviewed to illustrate other successful tests of this new theory of gravity.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

No Evidence of Time Dilation in Gamma-Ray Burst Data

Gamma-Ray Bursts have been observed out to very high redshifts and provide time measures that are directly related to intrinsic time scales of the burst. Einstein's theory of relativity is quite definite that if the universe is expanding then the observed duration of these measures will increase with redshift. Thus gamma-ray burst measures should show a time dilation proportional to redshift. An analysis of gamma-ray burst data shows that the hypothesis of time dilation is rejected with a probability of 4.4$\times10^{-6}$ for redshifts out to z=6.6. Traditionally the lack of an apparent time dilation has been explained by an inverse correlation between luminosity and time measures together with strong luminosity selection as a function of redshift. It is shown that the inverse correlation between luminosity and some time measures is confirmed, but using concordance cosmology strong luminosity selection cannot be achieved. It may be possible to explain the apparent lack of time dilation with a combination of gamma-ray burst selection, some luminosity evolution and some time measure evolution. But this requires a remarkable coincidence in order to produce the apparent lack of time dilation. However the data are consistent with a static cosmology in a non-expanding universe.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Observations of type 1a supernovae are consistent with a static universe

Analysis of type 1a supernovae observations out to a redshift of $z$=1.6 shows that there is good agreement between the light-curve widths and $(1+z)$ which is usually interpreted as a strong support for time dilation due to an expanding universe. This paper argues that a strong case can be made for a static universe where the supernovae light-curve-width dependence on redshift is due to selection effects. The analysis is based on the principle that it is the total energy (the fluence) and not the peak magnitude that is the best `standard candle' for type 1a supernovae. A simple model using a static cosmology provides an excellent prediction for the dependence of light curve width on redshift and the luminosity-width relationship for nearby supernovae. The width dependence arises from the assumption of constant absolute magnitude resulting in strong selection of lower luminosity supernovae at higher redshifts due to the use of an incorrect distance modulus. Using a static cosmology, curvature-cosmology, and without fitting any parameters the analysis shows that the total energy is independent of redshift and provides a Hubble constant of $63.1\pm2.5$ kms$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$. There is no indication of any deviation at large redshifts that has been ascribed to the occurrence of dark energy.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Towards the demystificatiom of quantum interference

It has been shown that velocity of propagation of wave front cannot coincide with observable velocity of quantum particles. It is additional argument leads to conclusion that phase wave of de Broglie cannot be associated with single "elementary" particle like electron. Therefore quantum interference under linear superposition cannot describe energy distribution in extended quantum particles. Essentially new approach is required in order to establish non-linear relativistic wave equations with soliton-like solutions.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Uniqueness of Herndon's Georeactor: Energy Source and Production Mechanism for Earth's Magnetic Field

Herndon's georeactor at the center of Earth is immune to meltdown, which is not the case for recently published copy-cat georeactors, which would necessarily be subject to hot nuclear fuel, prevailing high temperature environments, and high confining pressures. Herndon's georeactor uniquely is expected to be self-regulating through establishing a balance between heat production and actinide settling out. The seventy year old idea of convection in the Earth's fluid core is refuted because thermal expansion cannot overcome the 23 percent higher density at the core's bottom than at its top. The dimensionless Rayleigh Number is an inappropriate indicator of convection in the Earth's core and mantle as a consequence of the assumptions under which it was derived. Implications bearing on the origin of the geomagnetic field, the physical impossibility of mantle convection, and the concomitant refutation of plate tectonics theory are briefly described.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Probing the mathematical nature of the photon field

The mathematical content of the interaction term of quantum electrodynamics is examined under the following assumption: It is presumed that the apparent degrees-of-freedom of the photon field reflect the kinematical degrees-of-freedom of the two-particle state space of massive fermions, rather than independent degrees-of-freedom of the photon field. This assumption is verified by reproducing the numerical value of the fine-structure constant.

physics.gen-ph↗
arXiv2009

Evidence of gravitons as fused photons in four dimensions

A model of graviton momentum transfer was constructed to investigate a conjecture that gravitons are fused photons propagating in four dimensions. The model describes gravitational attraction between two bodies, each of simplified geometric shape and comprised of a calculable number of massive particles (quarks and leptons), as a probabilistic quantized mechanism of graviton scattering that gives rise to gravitational momentum flux. Earth-Human, Moon-Human, and Earth-Moon gravitational systems were investigated to solve for the wavelength of photons that comprise the graviton. The calculated wavelength for each system was approximately equal to the predicted value of the Planck length, which is interpreted as evidence that gravitons may be formed as fused four dimensional photons. The results corroborate current thinking about the temperature at which gravity separated from a unified force during the Big Bang, while explaining the weakness of the gravitational force from the atomic to the sub-planetary scale. Extension of the model produces unique, testable predictions arising from the averaged quantum properties of the graviton as fused photons, and the general model approach may be compatible with other efforts to describe the inner structure of the graviton.

physics.gen-ph↗