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At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
arXiv2013

Detection of $D^{\pm}$ mesons production in pA-interactions at 70 GeV

The results of analysis SERP-E-184 experiment data, obtained with 70 GeV proton beam irradiation of active target with carbon, silicon and lead plates are presented. For 3-prongs charged charmed mesons decays, event selection criteria were developed and detection efficiency was calculated with detailed simulation using FRITIOF7.02 and GEANT3.21 programs. Signals of decays were found and charm production inclusive cross sections estimated at near threshold energy. The lifetimes and A-dependence of cross section were measured. Yields of D mesons and their ratios in comparison with data of other experiments and theoretical predictions are presented.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2013

Magnetic moments of odd-odd spherical nuclei

Magnetic moments of more than one hundred odd-odd spherical nuclei in ground and excited states are calculated within the self-consistent TFFS based on the EDF method by Fayans {\it et al}. We limit ourselves to nuclei with a neutron and a proton particle (hole) added to the magic or semimagic core. A simple model of no interaction between the odd nucleons is used. In most the cases we analyzed, a good agreement with the experimental data is obtained. Several cases are considered where this simple model does not work and it is necessary to go beyond. The unknown values of magnetic moments of many unstable odd and odd-odd nuclei are predicted including sixty values for excited odd-odd nuclei.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2013

Elastic proton-proton scattering from ISR to LHC energies, focusing on the dip region

The differential cross-section of elastic proton-proton collisions is studied at ISR and LHC energies, utilizing a quark-diquark model, that generalizes earlier models of Bialas and Bzdak, and, in addition, a model of Glauber and Velasco. These studies suggest that the increase of the total pp cross-section is mainly due to an increase of the separation of the quark and the diquark with increasing energies. Within the investigated class of models, two simple and model-independent phenomenological relations were found, that connect the total pp scattering cross-section to the effective quark, diquark size and their average separation, on one hand, and to the position of the dip of the differential cross-section, on the other hand. The latter t(dip) sigma(tot) ~ const relation can be used to predict t(dip), the position of the dip of elastic pp scattering for future colliding energies, and for other reactions, where sigma(tot) is either known or can be reliably estimated.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2013

Analysis of an attempt at detection of neutrons produced in a plasma discharge electrolytic cell

R. Faccini et al. \cite{Faccini:2013} have attempted a replication of an earlier experiment by D. Cirillo et al. \cite{Cirillo:2012} in which neutrons [as well as nuclear transmutations] were observed in a modified Mizuno cell. No neutron production is observed in the recent experiment \cite{Faccini:2013} and no evidence for microwave radiation or nuclear transmutations are reported. A careful analysis shows major technical differences in the two experiments and we explore the underlying reasons for the lack of any nuclear activity in the newer experiment.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Gamma Cascade Transition of 51V(n,g)V52 Reaction

The thermal neutron capture gamma radiations for 51V(n, g)52V reaction have been studied at Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor (DNRR). The gamma two-step cascade transition was measured by event-event coincidence spectrometer. The added-neutron binding energy in 52V was measured as 7.31 MeV. Energy and intensity transition of cascades were consistent with prediction of single particle model. Further more, the spin and parity of levels were confined.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2013

Microscopic understanding for the simplicity of the quadrupole moments newly observed in Cd isotopes

The simplicity in the nuclear quadrupole moments reported recently in $^{107-129}$Cd, i.e., a linear increase of the ${11/2}^-$ quadrupole moments, is investigated microscopically with the covariant density functional theory. Using the newly developed functional PC-PK1, the quadrupole moments as well as their linear increase tendency with the neutron number are excellently reproduced without any {\it ad hoc} parameters. The core polarization is found to be very important and contributes almost half of the quadrupole moments. The simplicity of the linear increase is revealed to be due to the pairing correlation which smears out the abrupt changes induced by the single-particle shell structure.

nucl-th↗
arXiv2013

0+ states and collective bands in 228Th studied by the (p,t) reaction

The excitation spectra in the deformed nucleus 228Th have been studied by means of the (p,t)-reaction, using the Q3D spectrograph facility at the Munich Tandem accelerator. The angular distributions of tritons were measured for about 110 excitations seen in the triton spectra up to 2.5 MeV. Firm 0+ assignments are made for 17 excited states by comparison of experimental angular distributions with the calculated ones using the CHUCK3 code. Assignments up to spin 6+ are made for other states. Sequences of states are selected which can be treated as rotational bands and as multiplets of excitations. Moments of inertia have been derived from these sequences, whose values may be considered as evidence of the two-phonon nature of most 0+ excitations. Experimental data are compared with interacting boson model and quasiparticle-phonon model calculations and with experimental data for 229Pa.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2013

Status of the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR experiment

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR neutrinoless double beta-decay experiment is currently under construction at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in South Dakota, USA. An overview and status of the experiment are given.

physics.ins-det↗
arXiv2013

Giant dipole resonance width and the universality of the Critical Temperature included Fluctuation Model

The universality of the Critical Temperature included Fluctuation Model (CTFM) in explaining the evolution of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) width as a function of angular momentum is examined in the light of recent experimental data on $^{144}$Sm and $^{152}$Gd. We compare both the data sets with the phenomenological formula based on the CTFM and the thermal shape fluctuation model (pTSFM). The CTFM describes both the data sets reasonably well using the actual ground state GDR width ($Γ_0$) values, whereas, the pTSFM describes the $^{144}$Sm data well but is unable to explain the $^{152}$Gd data using a single value of $Γ_0$ for two excitation energies. These interesting results clearly indicate that the phenomenological CTFM can be used universally to describe the evolution of the GDR width with both angular momentum and temperature in the entire mass region. Moreover, it should provide new insights into the modification of the TSFM.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2013

Influence of the ab-initio nd cross sections in the critical heavy-water benchmarks

The n-d elastic and breakup cross sections are computed by solving the three-body Faddeev equations for realistic and semi-realistic Nucleon-Nucleon potentials. These cross sections are inserted in the Monte Carlo simulation of the nuclear processes considered in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments (ICSBEP). The results obtained using thes ab initio n-d cross sections are compared with those provided by the most renown international libraries.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2013

A comment on estimating sensitivity to neutrino mass hierarchy in neutrino experiments

Recently it has been proposed, in the context of experiments designed to resolve the neutrino mass hierarchy, to use the average posterior probability of one of the hypotheses as a measure of sensitivity of future experiments. This has led to sensitivity estimates that are drastically lower than common conventions. We point to the fact that such estimates can be severely misleading: the probability that an experiment would actually produce a result similar to the average value can be in fact negligibly small. We emphasize again the simple relation between median significance and the likelihood ratio evaluated with the ``Asimov'' data set, which can be used to express experimental sensitivity in Bayesian terms as well.

hep-ex↗
arXiv2013

The quarkonium saga in heavy ion collisions

J/psi suppression was proposed more than 25 years ago as an unambiguous signature for the formation of the Quark Gluon Plasma in relativistic heavy ion collisions. After intensive efforts, both experimental and theoretical, the quarkonium saga remains exciting, producing surprising results and not fully understood. This talk focuses on recent results on quarkonium production at RHIC and the LHC.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2013

Theory Uncertainty in Extracting the Proton's Weak Charge: White Paper

We review the state-of-the-art and address open questions relative to the theory uncertainty of the $γ-Z$ box contribution to the $A_{PV}$ measurement within the QWEAK experiment at Jefferson Lab. This white paper summarizes the contributions by participants and discussion sessions on this topic within the MITP Workshop on Precision Electroweak Physics held in Mainz, Germany, September 23 - October 11, 2013 \url{http://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=248072

hep-ph↗
arXiv2013

MCNP6 Study of Spallation Products from 500 MeV p + 136Xe

Isotope production cross sections from the 500 MeV p + 136Xe interactions measured recently at GSI in inverse kinematics have been simulated with MCNP6 using the CEM03.03 event generator. MCNP6 reproduces reasonably well most of the measured cross sections. However, the isotopes with a charge number greater than the charge number on the target by two units is overestimated significantly by CEM03.03. We found also an underestimation for the production of isotopes in the deep spallation region, far from the target-nucleus. Further investigations and further improvement of CEM03.03 with a possible consideration of multifragmentation and fission-like binary decays are needed in order to predict well products from intermediate- and high-energy nuclear reactions far from the target-nuclei, in the deep spallation and fragmentation regions

nucl-th↗
arXiv2013

Fission Fragments Produced from Proton Irradiation of Thorium Between 40 and 200 MeV

The cross sections for the formation of five residual radionuclides (72Se, 97Zr, 112Pd, 125Sb, and 147Nb) from 40- to 200-MeV proton irradiation of thorium have been measured and are reported. The atomic masses of these fragments span the expected mass distribution of radionuclides formed by fission of the target nucleus. Especially in mass regions corresponding to transitions between different relaxation mechanisms employed by available models, these data are expected to be useful to the improvement of high-energy transport codes. The predictions of the event generators incorporated into the latest release of the Monte Carlo N-Particle code (MCNP6) are compared with data measured in this work in the hope that these results may be useful to the continued process of code verification and validation in MCNP6.

nucl-ex↗
arXiv2013

Atomic ionization of germanium due to neutrino magnetic moments

An ab initio calculation of atomic ionization of germanium (Ge) by neutrinos was carried out in the framework of multiconfiguration relativistic random phase approximation. The main goal is to provide a more accurate cross section formula than the conventional one, which is based on the free electron approximation, for searches of neutrino magnetic moments with Ge detectors whose threshold is reaching down to the sub-keV regime. Limits derived with both methods are compared, using reactor neutrino data taken with low threshold germanium detectors.

hep-ph↗
arXiv2013

Wanted! Nuclear Data for Dark Matter Astrophysics

Astronomical observations from small galaxies to the largest scales in the universe can be consistently explained by the simple idea of dark matter. The nature of dark matter is however still unknown. Empirically it cannot be any of the known particles, and many theories postulate it as a new elementary particle. Searches for dark matter particles are under way: production at high-energy accelerators, direct detection through dark matter-nucleus scattering, indirect detection through cosmic rays, gamma rays, or effects on stars. Particle dark matter searches rely on observing an excess of events above background, and a lot of controversies have arisen over the origin of observed excesses. With the new high-quality cosmic ray measurements from the AMS-02 experiment, the major uncertainty in modeling cosmic ray fluxes is in the nuclear physics cross sections for spallation and fragmentation of cosmic rays off interstellar hydrogen and helium. The understanding of direct detection backgrounds is limited by poor knowledge of cosmic ray activation in detector materials, with order of magnitude differences between simulation codes. A scarcity of data on nucleon spin densities blurs the connection between dark matter theory and experiments. What is needed, ideally, are more and better measurements of spallation cross sections relevant to cosmic rays and cosmogenic activation, and data on the nucleon spin densities in nuclei.

nucl-ex↗