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Search indexed arXiv papers on artificial intelligence, large language models, computer vision and robotics. Read source abstracts and follow links to arXiv.
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D. Jed Harrison is a full professor at the Department of Chemistry at the University of Alberta. Here he describes the development of microfluidic techniques in his lab from the initial demonstration of an integrated separation system for samples in liquids to the recent development of methods to fabricate crystalline packed beds with very low defect density.
Albert van den Berg is a full professor on Miniaturized Systems for (Bio)Chemical Analysis at at the University of Twente. In this contribution he describes how microfluidic techniques can be used to mimic xenobiotic metabolism in vitro. Similar devices can also be used to electrochemically cleave proteins for mass spectrometric detection and database searching.
Mehmet Toner is the Helen Andrus Benedict Professor of Biomedical Engineering at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, and Harvard - MIT Health Sciences & Technology. Here he describes his labs efforts to advance the field of microfluidics to process large-volumes of fluids. Although somewhat counterintuitive, this approach has found a broad interest in both academia and industry at an unprecedented rate due to its broad range of utility in medical and industrial applications.
Stephen Quake is the Lee Otterson Professor of Bioengineering and Applied Physics at Stanford University. Here he reviews the early history of microfluidics and discusses more recent developments, with a focus on applications in biology and biochemistry.
Paul Blainey is professor of Biological Engineering at MIT. In this contribution he describes three microfluidic technologies that he and his team has developed to extend the capability, accessibility, and applications of microfluidics: (1) Integrated microfluidic sample preparation for genomic assays, (2) hydrogel-based microfluidics for single-cell genome sequencing, and (3) an emulsion-based system for combinatorial drug screening.
Andrew J. deMello is professor of Biochemical Engineering in the Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences at ETH Zürich. In this contribution he describes the efforts that his lab has undertaken in developing novel microfluidic systems for molecular and nanomaterial synthesis, droplet-based systems for ultra-high-throughput experimentation and novel optical techniques for sensitive and rapid analysis in small volume environments.
J. Michael Ramsey holds the Minnie N. Goldby Distinguished Professor of Chemistry Chair at the University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill. Here he describes the development of micro- and nanofabricated devices in his lab from the early developments that lead into the commercialization of the first active control microfluidic device by Caliper Technologies and the follow-on micro- and nanoscale devices with associated commercialization efforts.
Sabeth Verpoorte is professor at the University of Groningen. In this contribution she describes the development of a microfluidic incubation system for drug metabolism studies using a "top-down" precision-cut tissue slice model. She also outlines a fundamental particle separation concept, which relies on the generation of controlled bi-directional flow in microchannels having variable cross-sectional dimensions, by opposing pressure-driven and electrokinetic flows.
Petra S. Dittrich is associate professor for Bioanalytics at the Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering at ETH Zürich. Here she describes the microfluidic devices that her lab develops to facilitate comprehensive studies on membranes with high resolution imaging techniques.
Richard A. Mathies is professor emeritus of Chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley. In this contribution he summarizes his journey through microfluidics over the past 30 years from the invention of Capillary Array Electrophoresis in the 1990s to recent attempts to launch a microfluidic system into space.
Shoji Takeushi is professor in and the Director of the Center for International Research on Integrative Biomedical Systems (CIBiS), Institute of Industrial Science (IIS) at the University of Tokyo. Here he describes his attempts to use inherent function of living materials in engineered systems by reconstructing the biological structure using microfluidic technology.
Joel Voldman is a professor in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department at MIT. Here he describes his labs efforts to develop microfluidic devices for cell manipulation and analysis.
Yoon-Kyoung Cho is a full professor in Biomedical Engineering at UNIST. In this contribution she describes a fully integrated and automated lab-on-a-disc using centrifugal microfluidics to provide a "sample-in and answer-out" type of biochemical analysis solution with simple, size-reduced, and cost-efficient instrumentation. She also gives various examples of the fully integrated "lab-on-a-disc" developed for broad applications ranging from medical diagnostics to food, environment, and energy applications.
Klavs F. Jensen is Warren K. Lewis Professor in Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Here he describes the use of microfluidics for chemical synthesis, from the early demonstration examples to the current efforts with automated droplet microfluidic screening and optimization techniques.
Luke P. Lee is a Tan Chin Tuan Centennial Professor at the National University of Singapore. In this contribution he describes the power of optofluidics as a research tool and reviews new insights within the areas of single cell analysis, microphysiological analysis, and integrated systems.
Microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) are a promising new technology for producing hydrogen cheaply, efficiently, and sustainably. However, to scale up this technology, we need a better understanding of the processes in the devices. In this effort, we present a differential-algebraic equation (DAE) model of a microbial electrolysis cell with an algebraic constraint on current. We then perform sensitivity and bifurcation analysis for the DAE system. The model can be applied either to batch-cycle MECs or to continuous-flow MECs. We conduct differential-algebraic sensitivity analysis after fitting simulations to current density data for a batch-cycle MEC. The sensitivity analysis suggests which parameters have the greatest influence on the current density at particular times during the experiment. In particular, growth and consumption parameters for exoelectrogenic bacteria have a strong effect prior to the peak current density. An alternative strategy to maximizing peak current density is maintaining a long term stable equilibrium with non-zero current density in a continuous-flow MEC. We characterize the minimum dilution rate required for a stable nonzero current equilibrium and demonstrate transcritical bifurcations in the dilution rate parameter that exchange stability between several curves of equilibria. Specifically, increasing the dilution rate transitions the system through three regimes where the stable equilibrium exhibits (i) competitive exclusion by methanogens, (ii) coexistence, and (iii) competitive exclusion by exolectrogens. Positive long term current production is only feasible in the final two regimes. These results suggest how to modify system parameters to increase peak current density in a batch-cycle MEC or to increase the long term current density equilibrium value in a continuous-flow MEC.
Series of short contributions that are part of Nobel Symposium 162 - Microfluidics arXiv:1712.08369.
Cold atmospheric plasma treatments have been applied on lenses seeds and shoots to improve their germination and vigor rates. Two approaches have been considered: direct plasma exposure and plasma activation of liquids (tap water, demineralized water and liquid fertilizer). A special focus has been drawn on reactive oxygen species generated in the plasma phase but also in plasma activated media to understand their impact on germination process as well as on plants growth.